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Questions:

1. Define complementation.
2. Define cosmid vector.
3. What is the role of Ti plasmid in plants?
4. Differentiate between YACs and BACs.
5. What is totipotency and its significance?
6. Define vector and discuss various kinds of vectors of E. coli.
7. Describe the various sterilization techniques used in plant tissue culture.
8. Comment on the commercial potential of Biotechnology.
9. Define PCR and elaborate on the various steps of PCR and its applications.
10. What is micropropagation? How can it be achieved through different methods? Explain.
11. Define I.P.R. Explain in detail the ecological risks associated with I.P.R and bioethics.
12. Define transformation. Explain in detail different techniques to introduce transgenes into plants.
13. Comment upon the following: DNA Fingerprinting, Gene Therapy.