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Important Questions for "Immunology":

[1]

  1. What is antibody diversity? Discuss the genetic and molecular mechanisms responsible for generation of antibody diversity.
  2. Write short notes on two of the following: (a) Recombinant vaccines (b) Primary and secondary immune response (c) Attenuated vaccines (d) MHC restriction.
  3. Differentiate between MHC class I, MHC class II and MHC class III complexes with suitable diagrams.

[2]

  1. Define antigen-antibody reaction. List various serological methods to demonstrate antigen-antibody reaction in vitro along with their principles.
  2. Write notes on: (a) IRMA (b) ELISA (c) RIA (d) Western-Blotting.
  3. What is antibody diversity? How do they affect T-cell function? Explain clearly.

[3]

  1. What is humoral immunity? How does it differ from cell-mediated immunity? Explain.
  2. Write short notes on: (a) Pernicious anaemia (b) Rheumatoid Arthritis (c) Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
  3. Define hybridoma technology. Discuss its utility for the production of monoclonal antibodies and write its applications.

[4]

  1. What is Immunoelectrophoresis? What is the meaning of the terms IRMA and ELISA?
  2. Give a concise account of the nature of vaccines. Discuss the role of biotechnology in the development of new methods for vaccine production.
  3. Write short notes on any two of the following: (a) Type IV Hypersensitivity reaction (b) Acquired immunity and Passive immunity (c) MHC complex (d) Abnormal Immunoglobulin.

[5]

  1. Write a note on the organization of class I and II MHC genes.
  2. What are antigenic determinants on immunoglobulins? Give an account of isotype, idiotype, and allotype.
  3. Write a note on B-lymphocyte.

[6]

  1. What are Immunoglobulins? Provide a detailed account of antibody IgG with diagrams.
  2. What is the difference between cell-mediated immunity and humoral immunity?
  3. Write an essay on antigen-antibody reaction.

[7]

  1. What is hybridoma technology? How is it used in the production of monoclonal antibodies?
  2. Write an essay on immunological reactions and their significance.
  3. Give an account of methods of production of vaccines and mention names of vaccines for some diseases.

[8]

  1. Describe the method of paper chromatography.
  2. Define mean deviation and compute it for the given data: 20, 33, 50, 53, 68, 41, 60, 45, 38.
  3. Explain genetic engineering applications in relation to human health.

[9]

  1. Differentiate between cloning vector and expression vector.
  2. Write a short note on phylogenetic analysis.
  3. What do you understand by humoral and cell-mediated immunity?

[10]

  1. Discuss the principle and applications of Paper Chromatography OR Describe different types of Electrophoresis
  2. Define innate and acquired immunity. Discuss how macrophages play a significant role in the defense system of the body
  3. What is correlation? Discuss the different types of correlation with examples

[11]

  1. Comment upon continuous cell lines.
  2. Define vaccine. Describe various modern methods of vaccine development with suitable examples.
  3. Explain the process of purification and characterization of monoclonal antibodies with their advantages.

[12]

  1. Define autoimmunity and describe two autoimmunity diseases.
  2. Write an essay on antigen and antibody reactions.
  3. Write notes on: Transgenic animal, In vitro fertilization.

[13]

  1. What is Innate immunity? Describe the structure and function of cell types of Innate immunity.
  2. Describe the mechanism of Immobilized and somatic cell fusion with its applications.
  3. Write short notes on any two of the following: In-vitro fertilization, Transgenic Animal, ELISA.

[14]

  1. What is cell culture? How are cells maintained in culture and what are the different kinds of cell culture media?
  2. What is Embryo transfer technology? What are the applications of Embryo transfer technology?
  3. What is Hybridoma technology? What is the method for the production of monoclonal antibodies? What are the applications of monoclonal antibodies?

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