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Important Questions for "Immunology":

[1]

  1. Write short notes on two of the following: (a) Recombinant vaccines (b) Primary and secondary immune response (c) Attenuated vaccines (d) MHC restriction.
  2. Differentiate between MHC class I, MHC class II and MHC class III complexes with suitable diagrams.
  3. Discuss the mechanism of clonal selection of B cells.

[2]

  1. Write short notes on: (a) Rheumatoid Arthritis (b) Asthma (c) Myasthenia gravis.
  2. Explain antigen-antibody cell-mediated cytotoxicity. What are the important roles of cytokines?
  3. Define vaccines, classify them. How do they work against viruses and bacteria? Why are not all vaccines 100% effective?

[3]

  1. Define and classify antigen, antibody reaction. Discuss agglutination test with examples.
  2. What is immunoelectrophoresis? What is the meaning of the terms RIA and IRMA?
  3. Give a concise account of the nature of vaccines. Discuss the role of biotechnology in the development of new methods for vaccine production.

[4]

  1. What is MHC restriction? How do MHC molecules help in presenting antigen to T-cells?
  2. Define hybridoma technology. Discuss its utility for the production of monoclonal antibodies and write its applications.
  3. Write short notes on any two of the following: (a) Type IV Hypersensitivity reaction (b) Acquired immunity and Passive immunity (c) MHC complex (d) Abnormal Immunoglobulin.

[5]

  1. What is the difference between humoral and cell-mediated immunity (CMI)?
  2. Write a note on ELISA.
  3. Write a note on T-lymphocyte.

[6]

  1. What are Immunoglobulins? Provide a detailed account of antibody IgG with diagrams.
  2. Write an essay on antigen-antibody reaction.
  3. What is vaccination? How many types of vaccines exist across generations?

[7]

  1. Describe the structure of various types of immunoglobulins.
  2. Define immunity and differentiate between active and passive immunity with suitable examples.
  3. Describe mean, median, and mode with suitable examples.

[8]

  1. Explain the role of Biotechnology in food processing.
  2. Explain genetic engineering applications in relation to human health.
  3. Calculate the mean size of wheat ear head from the following frequency distribution: (Size of Ear Head in cm: 34, 35, 36, ..., 43 and their respective frequencies).

[9]

  1. What are RAM and ROM?
  2. Differentiate between cloning vector and expression vector.
  3. What are the different databases used in bioinformatics analysis?

[10]

  1. What are DNA ligases? Discuss their importance OR Define Standard Error. How is it calculated?
  2. What is Biotechnology? Discuss the role of Biotechnology in pharmaceuticals
  3. What is correlation? Discuss the different types of correlation with examples

[11]

  1. Compare monoclonal and hybrid antibodies.
  2. Define vaccine. Describe various modern methods of vaccine development with suitable examples.
  3. Explain the process of purification and characterization of monoclonal antibodies with their advantages.

[12]

  1. Explain the concept of hapten.
  2. Define autoimmunity and describe two autoimmunity diseases.
  3. Write an essay on antigen and antibody reactions.

[13]

  1. What is Antigenicity? Describe the type of Hapten.
  2. What is tissue and organ culture? Summarize its methods.
  3. Write short notes on any two of the following: In-vitro fertilization, Transgenic Animal, ELISA.

[14]

  1. Difference between Humoral and cell-mediated immunity.
  2. What is Embryo transfer technology? What are the applications of Embryo transfer technology?
  3. Write an essay on Antigen-Antibody Interactions.

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