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Important Questions for "b.sc,botany":

[1]

  1. Match the following concepts and contributors related to Botany.
  2. Write notes on the following: (i) Holocarpic fungus, (ii) Life-cycle of Penicilium, (iii) Mycorrhiza, (iv) Koch's postulates, (v) Basidiospores.
  3. Write short notes on the following: (i) Laminar air flow, (ii) Autoclave, (iii) Tobacco Mosaic Virus, (iv) Structure of Bacteria, (v) Chlorella.

[2]

  1. Describe the structure of chromosome.
  2. What is a lethal factor?
  3. How many meiotic divisions will take place to produce 64 cells from a single parent cell?

[3]

  1. Give a description of the structure of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) and compare it with that of Ribonucleic Acid (RNA).
  2. Enlist all the seven characters and their traits studied by Mendel.
  3. Write a short note on lethal factors.

[4]

  1. Define mutation. Describe the role of mutations in crop improvement.
  2. In squashes, the difference in fruit weight between 400 gm and 1000 gm types is due to three gene pairs. What would be the phenotype and genotype of F1 and F2 in a cross between 400 gm and 1000 gm types?
  3. Describe the double helical structure of DNA.

[5]

  1. What do you mean by multiple factor hypothesis? Describe it with the help of a suitable example.
  2. Explain the chromosomal theory of inheritance.
  3. Describe the following: (i) Character and trait, (ii) Ribosome, (iii) Isochromosomes, (iv) Gene, (v) T.H. Morgan.

[6]

  1. Describe the process of meiotic cell division taking place in plant cell.
  2. Write an essay on economic importance of Algae.
  3. Explain the ultra structure of Bacteria along with diagram.

[7]

  1. Who is regarded as the father of Indian Paleobotany?
  2. Where is the Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany located?
  3. Which bryophyte contains endophytic algae in its thallus?

[8]

  1. What do you understand by the term Heritage Botany?
  2. Comment upon commercial products of algae.
  3. Describe monocyclic, polycyclic and polyetic disease cycles and write a separate note on Etiology.

[9]

  1. Describe the structure of DNA at the level of increasing complexity.
  2. Explain the characteristics of different forms of DNA.
  3. Discuss the steps involved in gene cloning.

[10]

  1. Write about the chief by-product and its importance in the Sugar industry.
  2. Describe the pollen morphology with special reference to its wall features.
  3. Describe Sarpgandha and Cotton in detail.

[11]

  1. Describe the system of classification of angiosperms proposed by Bentham and Hooker.
  2. Explain the distinguishing features of family Poaceae and describe its economic importance.
  3. Explain the structure and functions of Cambium.

[12]

  1. Who is considered the Father of Botany?
  2. What is the Polygonum type of embryo sac?
  3. Who is the Father of the Green Revolution?

[13]

  1. What do you understand by the phylogenetic system of classification? Give an outline of the classification proposed by Hutchinson.
  2. What is double fertilization? Give an account of double fertilization and point out its significance.
  3. Write short notes on Tapetum wall and its role.

[14]

  1. Differentiate between Prokaryote and Eukaryote cell.
  2. Describe the classification of fungi as proposed by Ainsworth.
  3. Describe Techniques in Sterilisation of Bacteria.

[15]

  1. Write a short note on sex organs of Chara.
  2. Explain briefly why Lichens are known as pollution indicators.
  3. Describe the alternation of generation in Vaucheria.

[16]

  1. Write short notes on Entropy and Second messenger system
  2. Discuss the role of microbes in biotechnology
  3. Write short notes on Genomic and c-DNA library and Gene therapy

[17]

  1. Describe the symptoms of Yellow Vein Mosaic of Bhindi.
  2. Describe symptoms, disease cycle, and control of red rot disease of sugarcane.
  3. Describe symptoms, causal organism, disease cycle, and control of Late Blight of Potato.

[18]

  1. Describe the threats to biodiversity OR Write a note on sustainable management of water
  2. Discuss the effects of radioactive pollution OR Describe Red rot of Sugarcane
  3. Write in detail on Types of soil and Energy resources in India

[19]

  1. Describe gene transfer methods in plants OR Describe mechanism of enzyme action
  2. Write an essay on microbial and environmental biotechnology
  3. Write notes on Bioenergetics and Binding technique

[20]

  1. Write a short note on Cytoplasmic inheritance OR Discuss Mendelian ratios
  2. Write short note on Inheritance of quantitative characters OR Hybrid Vigour
  3. Write an essay on Chromosomal aberrations

[21]

  1. Differentiate Asteraceae and Poaceae based on inflorescence
  2. Describe cleavage polyembryony in brief
  3. Draw the floral diagram and floral formulae of Acacia sp.

[22]

  1. Structure and function of Ribosomes
  2. Chromosomal aberrations and their importance
  3. Essay on Chromosomes with Nucleosome model

[23]

  1. Merits and demerits of Engler and Pranti system of classification
  2. Describe important floral characters of family Cucurbitaceae
  3. Write short notes on economic importance of family Rutaceae

[24]

  1. Write about Detritus food chain
  2. Structure and function of Nucleus
  3. What is Plant succession? Give a detailed account of Xerosere and Hydrosere

[25]

  1. Three merits of Linnaeus classification
  2. Differentiate monocot and dicot stem
  3. Write short notes on economic importance of family Malvaceae

[26]

  1. Differentiate between monosomic and trisomic
  2. Draw a labelled diagram of T.S. Hydrilla stem
  3. Power house of the cell

[27]

  1. Root nodules are commonly found in?
  2. The cuticle is absent in?
  3. Krebs Cycle takes place in?

[28]

  1. The process of formation of ammonia from organic compounds is called?
  2. How do viroids differ from viruses?
  3. If the entire somatic thallus is transformed into a reproductive thallus, the fungus is called?

[29]

  1. Who is the father of Indian Palaeobotany?
  2. The spur of Pinus roxburghii has?
  3. Nodal diaphragm in Ephedra is made of?

[30]

  1. Which fungus type is found in lichens?
  2. Which algae are known for their high edible protein content?
  3. What is the common name for Hydrodictyon?

[31]

  1. Both Pinus and Cycas have
  2. Rhynia was first discovered by
  3. A Pteridophyte differs from gymnosperm due to

[32]

  1. The urn-shaped structure in Polysiphonia is
  2. Polysiphonia exhibits a special kind of alternation of generations which is called
  3. Corona cells are found in Chara

[33]

  1. Describe in detail the technique of hybrid seed production in maize.
  2. Write detailed notes on the following: Factors affecting seed quality, Factors affecting seed in storage.
  3. Differentiate between the following: Foundation seed and Breeder seed, Physical purity and Genetic purity.

[34]

  1. Discuss the seed production techniques in rice.
  2. Discuss the methods of quality seed production in maize.
  3. Differentiate between the foundation seed and certified seed.

[35]

  1. What is seed certification? Discuss the method of seed certification in detail.
  2. Discuss in detail the importance of seed technology.
  3. Write a note on causes of seed deterioration.

[36]

  1. Describe the various steps involved in the development of synthetic varieties of maize.
  2. Give the list of hybrid varieties developed in jowar, sunflower, rice, cotton, and castor.
  3. Describe the various applications of genetic engineering in crop improvement.

[37]

  1. Describe the various steps involved in the development of hybrid varieties of maize.
  2. Give the list of hybrid varieties developed in sunflower, pigeonpea, bajra, maize and mustard.
  3. Describe in brief various breeding objectives and breeding procedures used for the genetic improvement of potato.

[38]

  1. Write in brief about top-cross.
  2. Write a detailed note on plant variation and its causes.
  3. Define mutation. Discuss the role of mutation breeding in crop improvement.

[39]

  1. What is bulk method of selection?
  2. Write a note on chemical mutagens.
  3. Describe the various kinds of variation and how it is created in plants for their improvement.

[40]

  1. Write in brief about mass selection.
  2. Write a short note on chemical mutagens.
  3. What is backcross method? Describe the procedure of backcross method of breeding in transferring of a recessive gene from one variety to another in detail.

[41]

  1. Define transpiration. Discuss the factors affecting the rate of transpiration.
  2. Define Photosynthesis. Discuss the dark reaction in detail.
  3. What is respiration? Describe different steps of aerobic respiration giving suitable sketches.

[42]

  1. Write a note on heterospory.
  2. Write a detailed account on double fertilization.
  3. What is pollination? Write a detailed account on pollination.

[43]

  1. What are multiple alleles? Give a brief account of multiple allelism with a suitable example.
  2. Differentiate between qualitative character and quantitative character.
  3. Differentiate between incomplete dominance and co-dominance.

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