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Important Questions for "b.sc,botany":

[1]

  1. Match the following concepts and contributors related to Botany.
  2. Give the difference between the structure of Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells.
  3. Give the difference between Lytic and Lysogenic cycles.

[2]

  1. Describe Watson and Crick model of DNA structure.
  2. If the basic chromosome number is 7 in a class of individuals, what will be the number of chromosomes in the following: (i) Nullisomic, (ii) Monosomic, (iii) Trisomic, (iv) Tetrasomic?
  3. How would you prove that DNA is a genetic material? Explain with a suitable example.

[3]

  1. Describe various numerical changes in chromosome number with illustration.
  2. Differentiate between the following: (i) Homozygous and Heterozygous, (ii) Linkage and Crossing over, (iii) Incomplete dominance and Co-dominance, (iv) Gene and Allele.
  3. Describe various substages of Prophase I of meiotic cell division. Give significance of meiosis.

[4]

  1. Define mutation. Describe the role of mutations in crop improvement.
  2. Discuss Mendel's laws of inheritance briefly. Which law do you think is the most important and why?
  3. What are the different kinds of structural changes of chromosomes? Explain any one in detail.

[5]

  1. Discuss briefly the various stages of meiotic cell division.
  2. Explain the chromosomal theory of inheritance.
  3. Name two geneticists and describe their contributions for which they were awarded the Nobel Prize.

[6]

  1. Write the various parts of Flower.
  2. Describe the structure of Bacterial Cell.
  3. Write a short note on Mitochondria.

[7]

  1. Who is regarded as the father of Indian Paleobotany?
  2. Where is the Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany located?
  3. What type of leaf is called a Sporophyll?

[8]

  1. What do you understand by the term Heritage Botany?
  2. Discuss the modes of nutrition in fungi.
  3. Write a note on Biosensors.

[9]

  1. Discuss direct gene transfer method used in gene cloning.
  2. What are adapters and linkers?
  3. Discuss the 'Lock and Key' theory of enzymes.

[10]

  1. What is the difference between National Park and Sanctuary?
  2. Write a short note on the N.P.C. system of classification.
  3. Describe the aim, scope and importance of palynology.

[11]

  1. Write short notes on Gynostegium, Cyathium, Jaculator, and Species Plantarum.
  2. Explain the structure and functions of Cambium.
  3. Write short notes on Double-fertilization and Types of ovules.

[12]

  1. Who is considered the Father of Botany?
  2. When can the structure of chromosome be best seen?
  3. Which polysaccharide is used in ice-creams and cosmetics?

[13]

  1. What is Head or Capitulum?
  2. Write short notes on Artificial and Natural systems of classification.
  3. Describe the family Liliaceae or Lamiaceae.

[14]

  1. Describe the features of Fusarium fungus.
  2. Explain the Economic importance of bacteria.
  3. Give an account on the structure of Bacteriophages.

[15]

  1. Describe briefly the range of thallus organisation in Chlorophyceae.
  2. Describe the life cycle of Oedogonium with the help of suitable diagrams.
  3. Describe the alternation of generation in Vaucheria.

[16]

  1. Differentiate between Ribozymes and Isozymes, TATA box and PRIBNOW box, Inducible and Repressible enzymes, and Somaclonal and Gametoclonal variation
  2. Write short notes on Peptidyl Transferase Enzyme, Cosmids, Molecular Scissors, and High Energy Compounds
  3. Write short notes on Types of RNA and Role of DNA gyrase in replication

[17]

  1. What is the Chipko movement? Describe briefly.
  2. Explain Little Leaf of Brinjal.
  3. What is Phytogeography? Describe the botanical regions of India.

[18]

  1. Differentiate between National park & sanctuaries, Pandemic and endemic, Scab and canker, Blight and red rot OR Write short note on Germplasm conservation and Value of biological diversity in food and ecological security
  2. Define plant indicators. Give suitable examples and discuss how these may be used in monitoring the state of the environment
  3. What are the aims and principles of IPM? Describe the role of IPM in pest control

[19]

  1. Write an essay on gene cloning
  2. Write an essay on structure and properties of polysaccharides
  3. Write an essay on microbial and environmental biotechnology

[20]

  1. Describe the morphology of Chromosome OR Discuss hybridization with some suitable examples
  2. Discuss the role of plant breeding work on wheat
  3. Write an essay on Chromosomal aberrations

[21]

  1. Differentiate Solanaceae and Malvaceae based on inflorescence
  2. Draw the floral diagram and floral formulae of Acacia sp.
  3. Write short notes on Tylosis, Lenticels, and Hydathodes

[22]

  1. Power House of the Cell
  2. Structure and function of Ribosomes
  3. Chromosomal aberrations and their importance

[23]

  1. Differentiate monoadelphous and diadelphous stamen
  2. Describe merits and demerits of Bentham and Hooker system of classification
  3. Describe important floral characters of family Cucurbitaceae

[24]

  1. Xerophytic ecological character of Casuarina
  2. Describe in brief crossing over
  3. What is Plant succession? Give a detailed account of Xerosere and Hydrosere

[25]

  1. Three merits of Linnaeus classification
  2. Differentiate monocot and dicot stem
  3. Structural modification in leaves to avoid transpiration

[26]

  1. Differentiate between monosomic and trisomic
  2. Power house of the cell
  3. Describe briefly significance of Mutation

[27]

  1. Siliqua fruit is usually found in which family?
  2. The largest cell organelle in plant cells is?
  3. Within the cell, the site of respiration is?

[28]

  1. Iodine used in gram-staining serves as?
  2. How many kinds of basidiocarps are recognized in Polyporus?
  3. What is the term for bacteria having two or more flagella at both poles?

[29]

  1. Who is the father of Indian Palaeobotany?
  2. Which gymnosperm is said to have double fertilization?
  3. The ovules of Pinus are?

[30]

  1. 'Dwarf male' is found in which algae?
  2. Development of the sporophyte in Bryophytes occurs in which manner?
  3. The redness of the Red Sea is due to which factor?

[31]

  1. Which of the following is called 'age of Gymnosperms'
  2. Polystelic stem is seen in
  3. Which geological era represents 'Age of Ferns' and 'Age of Cycads'

[32]

  1. Bryophytes generally grow in damp places because
  2. The urn-shaped structure in Polysiphonia is
  3. Which one of the following algae can fix atmospheric nitrogen

[33]

  1. What are the characteristics of quality seeds? Discuss the procedures of seed production of sunflower.
  2. Write a detailed note on National Seed Corporation.
  3. Differentiate between the following: Foundation seed and Breeder seed, Physical purity and Genetic purity.

[34]

  1. Differentiate between physical purity and genetic purity, male sterility and incompatibility, field standard and lab standard.
  2. Differentiate between the foundation seed and certified seed.
  3. Comment upon National Seed Corporation.

[35]

  1. What is seed certification? Discuss the method of seed certification in detail.
  2. Differentiate between physical purity and genetic purity.
  3. Write a note on causes of seed deterioration.

[36]

  1. Describe the technique of emasculation and pollination in rice. Also write the precautions taken during emasculation and pollination.
  2. Describe the various steps involved in the development of synthetic varieties of maize.
  3. Give the list of hybrid varieties developed in jowar, sunflower, rice, cotton, and castor.

[37]

  1. Describe pedigree method of breeding in wheat.
  2. Describe in brief the use of allopolyploidy in crop improvement.
  3. Describe the applications of plant tissue culture in crop improvement.

[38]

  1. Write a detailed note on aneuploidy.
  2. Define mutation. Discuss the role of mutation breeding in crop improvement.
  3. What is male sterility? Discuss the role of male sterility in hybrid seed production.

[39]

  1. Comment upon selfing and inbreeding.
  2. Differentiate between pedigree method and bulk method of breeding.
  3. Discuss the types of male sterility found in plants. Also describe the role of male sterility in plant breeding.

[40]

  1. Differentiate between heterosis and inbreeding depression.
  2. Write a detailed note on hybridization.
  3. What is male sterility? Describe the various types of male sterility in detail with suitable diagram.

[41]

  1. Write detailed notes on the following: Photoperiodism and Oxidative Phosphorylation.
  2. Define Photosynthesis. Discuss the dark reaction in detail.
  3. Discuss the physiologic role of auxins.

[42]

  1. Write a note on Amber.
  2. Briefly describe the economic importance of Bryophytes.
  3. What is pollination? Write a detailed account on pollination.

[43]

  1. Differentiate between qualitative character and quantitative character.
  2. Differentiate between linkage and crossing over.
  3. Write down the properties of the genetic code.

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