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Semester 3: B.Sc. Textile and Fashion Designing
Knitting Overview - Definition, classification, History and knitted goods characteristics
Knitting Overview
Definition
Knitting is a method of creating fabric by interlocking loops of yarn using needles. It can be done by hand or machine and allows for the production of various textures and patterns.
Classification
Knitting can be classified into various types such as hand knitting, machine knitting, flat knitting, and circular knitting. Each type has its own techniques and uses.
History
The history of knitting dates back to at least the 11th century. Initially, the craft was practiced in the Middle East and gradually spread throughout Europe. The Industrial Revolution led to advancements in machine knitting.
Knitted Goods Characteristics
Knitted goods are known for their elasticity, warmth, and comfort. They can vary in density and texture depending on the type of yarn and knitting technique used.
Principles of Weft and Warp Knitting - Machine types, CAM system, Production of nets and curtains
Principles of Weft and Warp Knitting
Introduction to Knitting
Knitting is a method of creating fabric by interlocking loops of yarn. Weft and warp knitting are two primary types of knitting, each with distinct structures and applications.
Weft Knitting
Weft knitting involves the horizontal interlocking of yarns. It is commonly used in producing stretchy fabrics, such as t-shirts and hosiery. The process can be done manually or using knitting machines.
Warp Knitting
Warp knitting involves the vertical interlocking of yarns. This technique creates a firmer fabric structure, often used for making products like lace, nets, and curtains. Machines such as Raschel and Tricot are used in this type of knitting.
Machine Types
There are various knitting machines designed specifically for weft and warp knitting. For weft knitting, circular and flatbed machines are common. For warp knitting, machines include Tricot and Raschel, each designed for different purposes and outputs.
Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) Systems
CAM systems in knitting automate the design and production processes. They enhance efficiency, precision, and allow for complex patterns and designs in both weft and warp knitting.
Production of Nets and Curtains
In the production of nets and curtains, warp knitting is primarily utilized. The machines can produce lightweight, breathable fabrics that are suitable for various domestic and industrial applications.
Seamless Knitting and Care - Applications, Advantages, care and maintenance
Introduction to Seamless Knitting
Seamless knitting refers to the technique of creating garments without seams, constructed in a single piece. This method minimizes material waste and enhances comfort by providing a better fit and eliminating chafing.
Applications of Seamless Knitting
Seamless knitting is widely used in various applications including activewear, shapewear, and children's clothing. The ability to create complex shapes and patterns without seams allows for innovative designs and more ergonomic silhouettes.
Advantages of Seamless Knitting
The advantages include reduced manufacturing time due to fewer seams, enhanced durability as there are fewer weak points, increased comfort, and a more streamlined appearance. Additionally, seamless garments often have better elasticity.
Care and Maintenance of Seamless Knits
Seamless knit garments require gentle care. It is advisable to wash them in cold water using mild detergents, avoiding bleach, and air drying to preserve elasticity and shape. Always follow care labels for specific instructions.
Conclusion
Seamless knitting represents a significant advancement in textile technology, offering numerous benefits in terms of comfort, style, and efficiency for both manufacturers and consumers.
Warp Knitting Techniques - Types of threading, machine bars and products
Warp Knitting Techniques
Introduction to Warp Knitting
Warp knitting is a method of knitting in which yarn runs vertically along the fabric, creating distinct characteristics such as elasticity, strength, and the ability to create complex patterns.
Types of Threading in Warp Knitting
There are several types of threading used in warp knitting, including: 1. Tricot Threading: This method is ideal for producing lightweight fabrics and uses fine, flat yarns. 2. Raschel Threading: This technique enables the creation of more textured fabrics and is suitable for heavier yarns. 3. Milanese Threading: Used to produce less elastic and more structured fabrics.
Machine Bars in Warp Knitting
The warp knitting machine consists of several bars that play crucial roles: 1. Guide Bars: Responsible for guiding the yarns to form stitches. 2. Needle Bars: Hold the needles that create the loops in the fabric. 3. Sinkers: Help in holding down the fabric during the knitting process, contributing to the fabric texture.
Products of Warp Knitting
Warp knitting is utilized to produce a variety of products, including: 1. Laces: Delicate and intricate designs suitable for garments and home textiles. 2. Functional Fabrics: Used in sportswear and medical textiles for their stretchability and resilience. 3. Fashion Fabrics: Offers styling potential for trendy clothing and unique designs.
Knitting Cycle and Accessories - Stitch density, seamless knitting
Knitting Cycle and Accessories
Stitch density refers to the number of stitches per unit area in a knitted fabric.
Affects fabric appearance, texture, stretch, and durability.
Yarn type
Needle size
Knitting technique
Different densities are used for various fabric types, affecting clothing and accessory design.
Seamless knitting is a technique that creates items without seams, allowing for smooth and continuous constructions.
Comfortable fit
Reduced irritation from seams
Unique design possibilities
Circular knitting machines and computerized knitting technology enable seamless creations.
Commonly used in garments, socks, and activewear.
Knitting accessories include tools and materials that enhance the knitting process.
Needles (various sizes and types)
Yarn (different fibers and weights)
Notions (stitch markers, measuring tape, etc.)
Knitting machines
Crochet hooks
Yarn winders
The right accessories influence the ease of knitting and the quality of the finished product.
