Searching for Bastar University BSc Previous Year Question Papers 2026 PDF? This page provides a collection of BSc Previous Year Question Papers, Model Papers, Sample Papers, Solved Papers, and Guess Papers for students studying under Bastar University. These question papers help students understand the latest examination pattern, important scientific concepts, numerical problems, practical-based questions, and frequently asked topics in university examinations.
Regular practice of previous year question papers helps BSc students improve conceptual understanding, strengthen problem-solving abilities, identify important units, and prepare effectively for semester examinations. These papers also provide insight into the marking scheme and question distribution followed by the university.
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| University Name | Bastar University |
| Course | Bachelor of Science (BSc) |
| Exam Year | 2026 |
| Papers Included | Previous Year Papers, Model Papers & Solved Papers |
| Semester Coverage | 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th & 6th Semester |
| File Format | PDF Download |
| Access Type | Free Download |
- ➡️ Bastar University Question Papers (All Courses)
- 📗 Bastar University Study Materials (All Courses)
Students can access Bastar University BSc question papers for various science subjects and semesters in one place. The papers are organized semester-wise and subject-wise, allowing students to easily download and practice the required papers for examination preparation.
Bastar University BSc Previous Year Question Papers 2026 PDF (Semester Pattern)
Table of Contents
Below, students can download Bastar University BSc Previous Year Question Papers 2026 PDF, including semester-wise and subject-wise question papers for effective revision and exam preparation.
SMKV BSc 1st Semester Previous Year Papers
- ✅ Computer Fundamental and MS Office (CAGE-01) Dec 2025
- ✅ Stress Management (PCVAC-01) Dec 2025
- ✅ Chemistry in Daily Life (CHVAC-01) Dec 2025
- ✅ Disaster Management (GEVAC-01) Dec 2025
- ✅ Constitutional Values (PSVAC-01) Dec 2025
- ✅ Public Health and Hygiene (ZOVAC-01) Dec 2025
- ✅ Herbal Plant and Human Health (BOVAC-01) Dec 2025
- ✅ English Language (AEC-02) Dec 2025
- ✅ History of Indian National Movement (HIVAC-01) Dec 2025
- ✅ Chemistry – Fundamental Chemistry 1 (CHSC-01T) Dec 2025
- ✅ Computer Science – Computer Fundamentals and Operating Systems (CSSC-01T) Dec 2025
- ✅ Mathematics – Elementary Calculus (MASC-01) Dec 2025
- ✅ Physics – Mechanics (PHSC-01T) Dec 2025
- ✅ Zoology – Life on Earth and Unique Attributes of Animal Kingdom (ZOSC-01T) Dec 2025
- ✅ Computer Fundamental and MS Office (CASC-02T) Dec 2024
- ✅ Botany – Elementary Botany (BOSC-01T) Dec 2024
- ✅ Principles of Management (BBSC-01) Dec 2024
- ✅ Business Law (COSC-02) Dec 2024
- ✅ Fundamental of Accounting (COSC-01) Dec 2024
- ✅ Geography – Fundamental of Physical Geography (GOSC-01T) Dec 2024
- ✅ Hindi – Sahitya Ka Itihas (Aadikal) (HNSC-01) Dec 2024
- ✅ Political Science – Introduction to Political Theory (PSSC-01) Dec 2024
- ✅ English – Introduction to the Study of English Literature (ENSC-01) Dec 2024
- ✅ History – Ancient Indian History from the Beginning (HISC-01) Dec 2024
- ✅ Mathematics – Elementary Calculus (MASC-01) Dec 2024
- ✅ Home Science – Introduction to Textiles (HOSC-01T) Dec 2024
- ✅ Physics – Mechanics (PHSC-01T) Dec 2024
- ✅ Artificial Intelligence (CAVAC-01) Dec 2024
- ✅ Chemistry in Daily Life (CHVAC-01) Dec 2024
- ✅ Concept of Business (COVAC-01) Dec 2024
- ✅ Constitutional Values (PSVAC-01) Dec 2024
- ✅ Indian Tradition and Values (SOVAC-01) Dec 2024
- ✅ Public Health and Hygiene (ZOVAC-01) Dec 2024
- ✅ Herbal Plant and Human Health (BOVAC-01T) Dec 2024
- ✅ Economics – Basics of Economics (ECSC-01) Dec 2024
- ✅ Business Economics (COSC-03) Dec 2024
- ✅ Computer Science – Computer Fundamentals and Operating Systems (CSSC-01T) Dec 2024
- ✅ Chemistry – Fundamental Chemistry 1 (CHSC-01T) Dec 2024
- ✅ Psychology – Introduction to Psychology (PCSC-01T) Dec 2024
- ✅ Sociology – Introduction to Sociology (SOSC-01T) Dec 2024
- ✅ Zoology – Life on Earth and Unique Attributes of Animals (ZOSC-01) Dec 2024
- ✅ English Language (AEC-02) Dec 2024
SMKV BSc 2nd Semester Previous Year Papers
- ✅ Botany – Microbes and Thallophyta (BOSC-02T) Jun 2025
- ✅ Botany – Microbes and Thallophyta (BOSC-02T) Jun 2025
- ✅ Chemistry – Fundamental Chemistry 2 (CHSC-02T) Jun 2025
- ✅ Mathematics – Algebra (MASC-02) Jun 2025
- ✅ Microbiology – Bacteriology and Virology (MBSC-02) Jun 2025
- ✅ Physics – Electricity and Magnetism (PHSC-02T) Jun 2025
- ✅ Programming in C++ (CSSC-02T) Jun 2025
- ✅ Zoology – Cell Biology and Histology (ZOSC-02T) Jun 2025
- ✅ Hindi Language (AEC-03) Jun 2025
- ✅ English Language (AEC-02) Jun 2025
SMKV BSc 3rd Semester Previous Year Papers
- ✅ Fundamental of Stock Market (COVAC-02) Dec 2025
- ✅ English Language (AEC-02) Dec 2025
- ✅ Environmental Studies (AEC-01) Dec 2025
- ✅ Botany – Archegoniate and Fossils (BOSC-03) Dec 2025
- ✅ Mathematics – Differential Equations (MASC-03) Dec 2025
- ✅ Physics – Heat and Thermodynamics (PHSC-03) Dec 2025
- ✅ Zoology – Diversity of Invertebrates (ZOSC-03) Dec 2025
- ✅ Chemistry – Inorganic and Physical Chemistry 1 (CHSC-03) Dec 2025
Bastar University BSc Previous Year Question Papers PDF (Annual Pattern)
Bastar University BSc Question Papers 2026 PDF: इस पेज पर “Shaheed Mahendra Karma Vishwavidyalaya” के छात्रों के लिए बीएससी क्वेश्चन पेपर्स का लिंक दिया गया है |
यहाँ आपको BSc First Year / BSc Second Year और BSc Third Year के सभी विषयों के प्रश्नपत्र पीडीऍफ़ फॉर्मेट में मिलेंगे | जिन्हें आप फ्री डाउनलोड कर सकते हैं |
SMKV BSc 1st Year Previous Year Papers
- ✅ Environmental Studies (NJ-1260) Apr 2023
- ✅ Inorganic Chemistry (NJ-1263) Apr 2023
- ✅ Physical Chemistry (NJ-1265) Apr 2023
- ✅ Botany – Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Lichens and Algae (LJ-1271) 2021
- ✅ Botany – Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Palaeobotany (LJ-1272) 2021
- ✅ Biotechnology – Biochemistry, Biostatistics and Computers (LJ-1281) 2021
- ✅ Biotechnology – Cell Biology, Genetics and Microbiology (LJ-1282) 2021
- ✅ Chemistry – Inorganic Chemistry (LJ-1263) 2021
- ✅ Chemistry – Organic Chemistry (LJ-1264) 2021
- ✅ Chemistry – Physical Chemistry (LJ-1265) 2021
- ✅ Computer Science – Computer Fundamentals (LJ-1279) 2021
- ✅ Computer Science – Programming in C Language (LJ-1280) 2021
- ✅ Physics – Electricity, Magnetism and Electromagnetic Theory (LJ-1274) 2021
- ✅ Environmental Studies (LJ-1260) 2021
- ✅ Foundation Course – English Language (LJ-1262) 2021
- ✅ Foundation Course – Hindi Bhasha (LJ-1261) 2021
- ✅ Forestry (LJ-1285) 2021
- ✅ Forestry (LJ-1286) 2021
- ✅ Geology – Geodynamics and Geomorphology (LJ-1277) 2021
- ✅ Geology – Mineralogy and Crystallography (LJ-1278) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Basic Nutrition (LJ-1159) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Community Development (LJ-1163) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – English Language 2 (LJ-1158) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Environmental Studies (LJ-1156) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – FC Hindi Bhasha (LJ-1157) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Introduction to Human Development (LJ-1161) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Introduction to Resource Management (LJ-1160) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Personal Empowerment and Computer Basics (LJ-1164) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Textiles and Clothing (LJ-1162) 2021
- ✅ Information Technology – Fundamentals of IT, Computer and PC Software (LJ-1283) 2021
- ✅ Information Technology – Programming in C Language (LJ-1284) 2021
- ✅ Mathematics – Algebra and Trigonometry (LJ-1266) 2021
- ✅ Mathematics – Calculus (LJ-1267) 2021
- ✅ Mathematics – Vector Analysis and Geometry (LJ-1268) 2021
- ✅ Microbiology – Biochemistry and Physiology (LJ-1276) 2021
- ✅ Microbiology – General Microbiology and Basic Technique (LJ-1275) 2021
- ✅ Physics – Mechanics, Oscillation and Properties of Matter (LJ-1273) 2021
- ✅ Zoology – Cell Biology and Non-Chordata (LJ-1269) 2021
- ✅ Zoology – Chordata and Embryology (LJ-1270) 2021
- ✅ Environmental Studies (KJ-1260) 2020
- ✅ Computer Science – Computer Fundamentals (KJ-1279) 2020
- ✅ Computer Science – Programming in C Language (KJ-1280) 2020
- ✅ Forestry (KJ-1285) 2020
- ✅ Forestry (KJ-1286) 2020
- ✅ Information Technology – Fundamentals of IT, Computer and PC Software (KJ-1283) 2020
- ✅ Information Technology – Programming in C Language (KJ-1284) 2020
- ✅ Mathematics – Calculus (KJ-1267) 2020
- ✅ Microbiology – Biochemistry and Physiology (KJ-1276) 2020
- ✅ Microbiology – General Microbiology and Basic Technique (KJ-1275) 2020
- ✅ Physics – Electricity, Magnetism and Electromagnetic Theory (KJ-1274) 2020
- ✅ Physics – Mechanics, Oscillation and Properties of Matter (KJ-1273) 2020
- ✅ Zoology – Chordata and Embryology (KJ-1270) 2020
SMKV BSc 2nd Year Previous Year Papers
- ✅ English Language (PJ-1308) Apr 2025
- ✅ Hindi Language (PJ-1307) Apr 2025
- ✅ Mathematics – Differential Equations (PJ-1309) Apr 2025
- ✅ Botany – Plant Taxonomy, Economic Botany (NJ-1317) Apr 2023
- ✅ Botany – Ecology and Plant Physiology (NJ-1318) Apr 2023
- ✅ Chemistry – Physical Chemistry (NJ-1314) Apr 2023
- ✅ Hindi Language (NJ-1307) Apr 2023
- ✅ Organic Chemistry (NJ-1313) Apr 2023
- ✅ Botany – Ecology and Plant Physiology (MJ-1318) Apr 2022
- ✅ English Language (MJ-1308) Apr 2022
- ✅ Hindi Bhasha (MJ-1307) Apr 2022
- ✅ Inorganic Chemistry (MJ-1312) Apr 2022
- ✅ Organic Chemistry (MJ-1313) Apr 2022
- ✅ Physical Chemistry (MJ-1314) Apr 2022
- ✅ Botany – Plant Taxonomy, Economic Botany (MJ-1317) Apr 2022
- ✅ Zoology – Anatomy and Physiology (MJ-1319) Apr 2022
- ✅ Zoology – Vertebrates, Endocrinology, Reproductive Biology (MJ-1320) Apr 2022
- ✅ Botany – Diversity of Seed Plants and their Systematics (LJ-1635) 2021
- ✅ Botany – Ecology and Plant Physiology (LJ-1318) 2021
- ✅ Botany – Plant Taxonomy, Economic Botany, Plant Anatomy (LJ-1317) 2021
- ✅ Botany – Structure, Development and Reproduction in Flowering Plants (LJ-1636) 2021
- ✅ Biotechnology – Molecular Biology and Biophysics (LJ-1325) 2021
- ✅ Biotechnology – Recombinant DNA Technology and Genomics (LJ-1326) 2021
- ✅ Chemistry – Inorganic Chemistry (LJ-1312) 2021
- ✅ Chemistry – Inorganic Chemistry (LJ-1632) 2021
- ✅ Chemistry – Organic Chemistry (LJ-1313) 2021
- ✅ Chemistry – Organic Chemistry (LJ-1633) 2021
- ✅ Chemistry – Physical Chemistry (LJ-1314) 2021
- ✅ Chemistry – Physical Chemistry (LJ-1634) 2021
- ✅ Computer Science – Computer Hardware (LJ-1327) 2021
- ✅ Computer Science – Computer Software (LJ-1328) 2021
- ✅ English Language (LJ-1308) 2021
- ✅ English Language (LJ-1631) 2021
- ✅ Foundation Course – Hindi Bhasha (LJ-1630) 2021
- ✅ Forestry 1 (LJ-1331) 2021
- ✅ Forestry 2 (LJ-1332) 2021
- ✅ Geology – Petrology (LJ-1323) 2021
- ✅ Geology – Structural Geology (LJ-1324) 2021
- ✅ Hindi Bhasha (LJ-1307) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics (LJ-1168) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Communication Process (LJ-1171) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Consumer Economics (LJ-1173) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – English Language (LJ-1167) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Hindi Bhasha (LJ-1166) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Human Physiology and Community Nutrition (LJ-1170) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Life Span Development (LJ-1172) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Textile and Fibre Science (LJ-1169) 2021
- ✅ Information Technology (LJ-1330) 2021
- ✅ Information Technology – Digital Circuits and Computer Hardware (LJ-1329) 2021
- ✅ Mathematics – Advanced Calculus (LJ-1309) 2021
- ✅ Mathematics – Differential Equations (LJ-1310) 2021
- ✅ Mathematics – Mechanics (LJ-1311) 2021
- ✅ Microbiology – Bioinstrumentation and Biostatistics (LJ-1322) 2021
- ✅ Microbiology – Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (LJ-1321) 2021
- ✅ Physics – Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory and Statistical Physics (LJ-1315) 2021
- ✅ Physics – Waves, Acoustics and Optics (LJ-1316) 2021
- ✅ Zoology – Anatomy and Physiology (LJ-1319) 2021
- ✅ Zoology – Anatomy and Physiology (LJ-1637) 2021
- ✅ Zoology – Vertebrates, Endocrinology, Reproductive Biology, Behaviour (LJ-1320) 2021
- ✅ Zoology – Vertebrates, Endocrinology, Reproductive Biology (LJ-1638) 2021
- ✅ Biotechnology – Molecular Biology and Biophysics (KJ-1325) 2020
- ✅ Biotechnology – Recombinant DNA Technology (KJ-1326) 2020
- ✅ Botany – Diversity of Seed Plants and their Systematics (KJ-1317) 2020
- ✅ Botany – Structure, Development and Reproduction in Flowering Plants (KJ-1318) 2020
- ✅ Chemistry – Inorganic Chemistry (KJ-1312) 2020
- ✅ Chemistry – Organic Chemistry (KJ-1313) 2020
- ✅ Chemistry – Physical Chemistry (KJ-1314) 2020
- ✅ Computer Science – Computer Hardware (KJ-1327) 2020
- ✅ Computer Science – Computer Software (KJ-1328) 2020
- ✅ Forestry (KJ-1331) 2020
- ✅ Forestry (KJ-1332) 2020
- ✅ Geology – Bhoo Gatiki (KJ-1323) 2020
- ✅ Geology – Petrology and Geo History (KJ-1324) 2020
- ✅ Home Science – Communication Process in Development (KJ-1171) 2020
- ✅ Home Science – Community Nutrition and Applied Life Science (KJ-1170) 2020
- ✅ Home Science – Consumer Economics (KJ-1173) 2020
- ✅ Home Science – Life Span Development, Methods and Material for Young Children (KJ-1172) 2020
- ✅ Home Science – Textile and Laundry Science (KJ-1169) 2020
- ✅ Information Technology – Digital Circuits and Computer Hardware (KJ-1329) 2020
- ✅ Information Technology – Programming in C++ (KJ-1330) 2020
- ✅ Mathematics – Differential Equations (KJ-1310) 2020
- ✅ Mathematics – Mechanics (KJ-1311) 2020
- ✅ Microbiology – Microbial Physiology and Genetics (KJ-1321) 2020
- ✅ Microbiology – Principles of Bioinstrumentation and Techniques (KJ-1322) 2020
- ✅ Physics – Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory and Statistical Physics (KJ-1315) 2020
- ✅ Physics – Waves, Acoustics and Optics (KJ-1316) 2020
- ✅ Zoology – Vertebrates, Endocrinology, Reproductive Biology, Behaviour (KJ-1320) 2020
SMKV BSc 3rd Year Previous Year Papers
- ✅ English Language (PJ-1353) Apr 2025
- ✅ English Language (OJ-1353) 2024
- ✅ Zoology – Ecology, Environmental Biology, Toxicology (NJ-1368) Apr 2023
- ✅ Zoology – Genetics, Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Biochemistry (NJ-1367) Apr 2023
- ✅ Botany – Ecology and Utilization of Plants (LJ-1367) 2021
- ✅ Botany – Plant Physiology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LJ-1366) 2021
- ✅ Biotechnology – Immunology (LJ-1375) 2021
- ✅ Chemistry – Inorganic Chemistry (LJ-1361) 2021
- ✅ Chemistry – Organic Chemistry (LJ-1362) 2021
- ✅ Chemistry – Physical Chemistry (LJ-1363) 2021
- ✅ Computer Science – Computer Hardware (LJ-1376) 2021
- ✅ Computer Science – DBMS and RDBMS (LJ-1377) 2021
- ✅ English Language (LJ-1353) 2021
- ✅ Forestry 1 (LJ-1380) 2021
- ✅ Forestry (LJ-1381) 2021
- ✅ Geology – Khanij Niyam evam Sansadhan (LJ-1372) 2021
- ✅ Geology – Prakratik Paryavaran (LJ-1373) 2021
- ✅ Hindi Bhasha (LJ-1352) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Apparel Making and Fashion Designing (LJ-1182) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Early Childhood Education (LJ-1179) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – English Language (LJ-1176) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Extension Education (LJ-1180) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Food Preservation (LJ-1178) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Foundation of Art and Design (LJ-1181) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Hindi Bhasha (LJ-1175) 2021
- ✅ Home Science – Nutritional Biochemistry (LJ-1177) 2021
- ✅ Information Technology – Amplifiers and Oscillators (LJ-1378) 2021
- ✅ Information Technology – Fundamental Data Structure (LJ-1379) 2021
- ✅ Mathematics – Discrete Mathematics (LJ-1357) 2021
- ✅ Mathematics – Programming in C and Numerical Analysis (LJ-1359) 2021
- ✅ Microbiology – Environmental and Medical Microbiology (LJ-1371) 2021
- ✅ Microbiology – Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (LJ-1370) 2021
- ✅ Physics – Relativity, Quantum Mechanics, Atomic Physics (LJ-1364) 2021
- ✅ Physics – Solid State Physics, Devices and Electronics (LJ-1365) 2021
- ✅ Zoology – Ecology, Environmental Biology, Toxicology (LJ-1368) 2021
- ✅ Zoology – Genetics, Cell Physiology, Biochemistry (LJ-1369) 2021
- ✅ Biotechnology – General Biotechnology (KJ-1374) 2020
- ✅ Biotechnology – Immunology (KJ-1375) 2020
- ✅ Botany – Plant Physiology (KJ-1366) 2020
- ✅ Botany – Ecology and Utilization of Plants (KJ-1367) 2020
- ✅ Computer Science – Computer Hardware (KJ-1376) 2020
- ✅ Computer Science – DBMS and RDBMS (KJ-1377) 2020
- ✅ Forestry (KJ-1380) 2020
- ✅ Forestry (KJ-1381) 2020
- ✅ Geology – Khanij Niyam and Sansadhan (KJ-1372) 2020
- ✅ Geology – Prakaratik Paryavaran (KJ-1373) 2020
- ✅ Home Science – Apparel Making and Fashion Designing (KJ-1182) 2020
- ✅ Home Science – Extension Education (KJ-1180) 2020
- ✅ Home Science – Foundation of Art and Design (KJ-1181) 2020
- ✅ Information Technology – Amplifiers and Oscillators (KJ-1378) 2020
- ✅ Information Technology – Fundamental Data Structure (KJ-1379) 2020
- ✅ Mathematics – Analysis (KJ-1354) 2020
- ✅ Mathematics – Abstract Algebra (KJ-1355) 2020
- ✅ Mathematics – Principles of Computer Science (KJ-1356) 2020
- ✅ Mathematics – Discrete Mathematics (KJ-1357) 2020
- ✅ Mathematics – Programming in C and Numerical Analysis (KJ-1359) 2020
- ✅ Microbiology – Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (KJ-1370) 2020
- ✅ Microbiology – Environmental and Medical Microbiology (KJ-1371) 2020
- ✅ Physics – Relativity (KJ-1364) 2020
- ✅ Physics – Solid State Physics (KJ-1365) 2020
- ✅ Zoology – Ecology and Environmental Biology (KJ-1368) 2020
- ✅ Zoology – Genetics and Cell Physiology (KJ-1369) 2020
अगर आपको प्रश्नपत्र डाउनलोड करने किसी प्रकार की समस्या हो तो कमेंट करके हमें बताएं |
SMKV BSc Old Question Papers
Q1. Which subjects are covered in Bastar University BSc Previous Year Question Papers?
Bastar University BSc question papers may include subjects such as Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Botany, Zoology, Computer Science, Biotechnology, Environmental Science, and other science subjects offered by the university.
Q2. Are Bastar University BSc question papers available for all semesters?
Yes, students can access question papers for BSc 1st Semester, 2nd Semester, 3rd Semester, 4th Semester, 5th Semester, and 6th Semester depending on availability.
Q3. How do previous year question papers help in BSc exam preparation?
They help students understand important concepts, numerical patterns, practical-based questions, and the overall examination structure followed by the university.
Q4. Are Physics and Mathematics previous year papers useful for numerical practice?
Yes, previous papers contain important numerical problems and calculation-based questions that help students improve problem-solving skills.
Q5. Can Chemistry students benefit from old question papers?
Yes, Chemistry papers help students identify important reactions, derivations, theories, and practical-related questions commonly asked in examinations.
Q6. Are practical examination topics reflected in theory question papers?
Many theory papers include concepts related to laboratory work, experiments, observations, and practical applications covered in the syllabus.
Q7. How many years of BSc question papers should students solve?
Students should ideally practice the last 5 to 10 years of available question papers to understand recurring topics and examination trends.
Q8. Are previous year papers useful for competitive examinations?
Yes, subjects such as Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Botany, and Zoology provide a strong foundation for various competitive and entrance examinations.
Q9. What is the best strategy for using BSc previous year papers?
Students should complete the syllabus first, then solve previous papers under exam conditions and revise topics where they face difficulty.
Q10. Why should Bastar University BSc students regularly solve previous year question papers?
Regular practice improves conceptual clarity, numerical accuracy, revision efficiency, confidence, and familiarity with the university examination pattern.
धन्यवाद!
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