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Important Questions for "hindi":

[1]

  1. Discuss the statement, 'Surdas's depiction of parental love is a priceless asset of Hindi literature.'
  2. Illustrate the aspect of public welfare in Tulsidas's poetry.
  3. Provide an example of 'Abhidha' semantic power with explanation.

[2]

  1. Explain the origin and growth of Hindi Journalism.
  2. Write an essay on the Freedom movement and Hindi Journalism.
  3. Highlight the main trends of Hindi Journalism after Independence.

[3]

  1. What is the last month of the Hindi calendar?
  2. Who were the 'Nine Jewels' associated with?
  3. Who is related to chemistry in Indian history?

[4]

  1. Explain the given verses with reference to context.
  2. Write a short note on Kabir's philosophical ideology.
  3. Highlight features of the Bhakti era.

[5]

  1. Evaluate how dramatic themes are expressed in modern Hindi prose.
  2. Explain the given passages with reference to context.
  3. Write a critical analysis of Vidyanivas Mishra's essay style.

[6]

  1. Describe the contributions of Kamleshwar to the evolution of Hindi storytelling.
  2. Explain the given excerpts in their context.
  3. Reflect on the cultural consciousness in the narrative works of Shivprasad Singh.

[7]

  1. Examine the Hindi Journalism of Kashi.
  2. Discuss the development of Hindi Journalism after Independence.
  3. Discuss any one of the following: Sarswati, Udant Martanda, Mahamana Madan Mohan Malviya.

[8]

  1. Examine the Hindi Journalism of Kashi.
  2. Discuss the development of Hindi Journalism after Independence.
  3. Write a note on Indian Journalism in the 21st Century.

[9]

  1. What is Educational Radio? Throw light in details, on various educational radio channels in India.
  2. Analyse the film industry market in India with suitable statistics.
  3. What is Documentary? Describe its types in details.

[10]

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[11]

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[12]

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[13]

  1. Give your opinion on the language and grammar of Hindi Films.
  2. Discuss the characteristics of TV News Writing with suitable examples.
  3. Evaluate the effects of new technology on the language of Media.

[14]

  1. Explain the utility and importance of Proofreading symbols with examples in Hindi or English.
  2. Throw light on the editorial department.
  3. Highlight precautions in a literary magazine review.

[15]

  1. Throw light on the critical contributions of Ramchandra Shukla or Ramvilas Sharma to Hindi criticism.
  2. Clarify the concept of 'Kavya-Guna' and introduce its major classifications.
  3. Write a short note on 'Swachhandatavada'.

[16]

  1. What do you understand by 'Rasa'? Introduce its various elements.
  2. Discuss the concept of 'Kavya-Guna' and introduce its classifications.
  3. Write comments on the critical contributions of Ramchandra Shukla or Ramvilas Sharma.

[17]

  1. Explain Acharya Ramchandra Shukla's concept of periodization.
  2. Give a brief biography of Kabirdas.
  3. Discuss the phrase 'Gagar Mein Sagar Hai' in relation to Bihari's couplets.

[18]

  1. Throw light on the development of Hindi Journalism in India.
  2. What are the types of communication?
  3. Describe the Agenda setting theory.

[19]

  1. What type of noun is 'Shringkala'?
  2. Which idiom means 'to threaten'?
  3. What is the antonym of 'Srishti'?

[20]

  1. Mention two important genres of Hindi prose.
  2. Discuss the origin and development of Hindi novels.
  3. Define the lyrical essay and discuss the features of Vidyanivas Mishra's essay 'Tum Chandan Hum Pani.'

[21]

  1. Interpret the given Hindi translation of the verse: 'Adharah Kisalayaraga...', explaining its meaning.
  2. Interpret the given Hindi translation of the verse: 'Bhrityair Magadha...', explaining its meaning.
  3. Discuss the significance of the phrase 'Tatra Ramya Shakuntala'.

[22]

  1. What is the meaning of National-Integration?
  2. Clarify the role of Education in Economic development.
  3. Differentiate between Culture and Civilization.

[23]

  1. What is the contribution of Information and Communication Technology to achieve educational objectives?
  2. What is the importance of lesson plans in Teaching? Prepare a lesson plan.
  3. Write in detail about EDUSAT.

[24]

  1. What do you mean by Brain Storming?
  2. Evaluate the process of curriculum development and its bases at secondary level.
  3. Critically Evaluate the challenges and solutions of present Teaching and Learning.

[25]

  1. Write the educational implications of classical conditioning theory.
  2. Activities of teacher during Interactive stage.
  3. What are the main characteristics of cognitive development at childhood and adolescence?

[26]

  1. 'Education is a social process.' Explain this statement.
  2. 'Education is the dynamic side of Philosophy.' Explain this statement.
  3. What do you mean by culture? How do culture and education affect each other?

[27]

  1. What is micro teaching? Write in detail about micro teaching cycle and its use.
  2. What are the various approaches of lesson plan development? Draw an outline of a lesson plan based on any approach.
  3. Write the steps of development of a program instruction material.

[28]

  1. Give the demerits of team teaching.
  2. Describe the procedure and constraints for developing elementary level curriculum.
  3. Examine the process and use of interactive discussions and brainstorming strategies for curriculum transactions.

[29]

  1. What do you mean by Emotional Intelligence?
  2. Describe Piaget's cognitive development theory with its educational implications.
  3. Define Intelligence as given by Weschler. Describe any one theory of Intelligence.

[30]

  1. What should be the curriculum of education according to Pragmatism?
  2. What is the contribution of Annie Besant in education? Describe briefly.
  3. What is the relevance of the Upanishadic education for Indian education? Explain.

[31]

  1. Clarify the concept of Intelligence Quotient.
  2. Why is Examination reform essential?
  3. What do you mean by reliability coefficient of a test? Describe any two methods for estimating reliability coefficient of a test.

[32]

  1. Describe the impact of continuous internal assessment in learning.
  2. Describe the recommendations of SEC (1952-53) for examination reform.
  3. What do you mean by validity of a test? Describe its different kinds.

[33]

  1. What do you mean by 'Teaching Model'? What is the importance of Teaching Model in classroom teaching? Explain in detail Concept Attainment Model (CAM).
  2. Throw light on 'Organization' in Teaching-Learning process and describe the operations of 'Controlling'.
  3. What do you mean by 'Computer Literacy'? Discuss the usage of Computers in the Teaching-Learning process.

[34]

  1. What are the determinants of effective curriculum transaction?
  2. What do you understand by Indirect curriculum transaction strategies?
  3. What do you understand by Knowledge? Describe various knowledge acquiring sources.

[35]

  1. Explain memory level of teaching with the help of example.
  2. Describe various types of transfer of learning.
  3. Explain the difference between Emotional Quotient and Spiritual Quotient with the help of example.

[36]

  1. Explain the meaning of educational philosophy.
  2. Define educational Philosophy. Explain the educational epistemology and Axiology.
  3. Describe the principles of Educational planning. How can planning occur in a country like India?

[37]

  1. Define educational technology and discuss its scope in teaching.
  2. Compare between Hardware, Software and System approach of Educational Technology with examples.
  3. What are the steps of developing a Computer Aided Instruction module? Write in detail.

[38]

  1. What is the meaning of learner diversity?
  2. Focus on the structure of school curriculum and discuss the constraints in its development.
  3. Discuss the determinants of effective curriculum transaction.

[39]

  1. Differentiate between growth and development.
  2. What do you understand by social development? Discuss important characteristics of social development in Adolescence.
  3. Define Creativity. How will you increase creativity in children of your class?

[40]

  1. Enumerate characteristics of Idealistic Education.
  2. Evaluate Upanishadic philosophy and highlight its educational implications.
  3. Clarify the meaning of national integration and discuss the role of education in it in Indian context.

[41]

  1. What is measure of central tendency?
  2. Discuss in detail about the process of interview. Give its merits and demerits.
  3. Describe National Education Policy 1986.

[42]

  1. Discuss the different barriers in classroom communication. How can these barriers be overcome?
  2. What is Linear Programming? Why is it termed as Linear and Extrinsic?
  3. What is simulated teaching? How does it differ from microteaching?

[43]

  1. What is the meaning of 'brain storming'?
  2. What is the meaning of experiential learning?
  3. Discuss the issues related to congruence between needs of students, content and curriculum transaction.

[44]

  1. What are the various techniques for motivating students?
  2. What do you understand by Emotional Intelligence?
  3. How will you identify creative children?

[45]

  1. What is the metaphysical position of Idealism?
  2. Discuss the educational implications of Buddhism with reference to teaching of values.
  3. Evaluate Shankaracharya's Vedant Philosophy and throw light on education revealed in this philosophy.

[46]

  1. What do you mean by Qualitative Education? What are the Indian Standards to ensure qualitative education at different levels?
  2. Discuss the major problems of Secondary Education and suggest their remedies.
  3. What do you understand by RTE Act (2009)? Describe the efforts of Government for the Education of Girls, S.C. and S.T. Class-students.

[47]

  1. What are the levels of measurement?
  2. What do measurement and evaluation mean in education? Describe the steps of the evaluation procedure.
  3. What are the characteristics of a good assessment tool? Describe two methods for determining its reliability.

[48]

  1. Describe the development of e-content.
  2. Differentiate between Technology of Education and Technology in Education. Describe the hardware and software approach.
  3. What do you mean by communication? Differentiate between verbal and non-verbal communication and discuss measures for effective classroom communication.

[49]

  1. Write down four general objectives of Biology teaching.
  2. Classify the objectives of the cognitive domain.
  3. What is the meaning of self-instructional material? Describe its characteristics.

[50]

  1. How is silent reading different from reading aloud?
  2. Enumerate the principles of Direct Method.
  3. Discuss the merits and demerits of Translation cum Grammar Method.

[51]

  1. What methods can be used to resolve difficulties in Hindi teaching?
  2. Explain the importance of word planning in Hindi teaching.
  3. Discuss the importance of grammar teaching in enhancing scientific knowledge in Hindi. Which paired methods would you prefer for effective grammar teaching?

[52]

  1. Clarify relation of Sanskrit with Hindi literature.
  2. Need of Lesson Plan in teaching of Sanskrit.
  3. Write importance of Silent Reading in Sanskrit teaching.

[53]

  1. What do you understand by home management?
  2. Describe the different methods of teaching home science. Which of them do you think is the best? Support with examples.
  3. Describe the use of audio-visual aids in home science teaching. Discuss the importance of model and chart in teaching home science.

[54]

  1. Explain the importance of mass media and its approach in physical science.
  2. What do you understand by physical science? Explain the nature of physical science.
  3. Mention the classification of educational objectives of Bloom's taxonomy.

[55]

  1. Importance of introduction in lesson plan.
  2. Two components of questioning skill.
  3. Write the difference between social sciences and social studies.

[56]

  1. Meaning of Defining the problem.
  2. Meaning of delimitation of problem.
  3. Meaning of Generalization in research.

[57]

  1. Difference between nominal level and ordinal level of measurement.
  2. Describe the characteristics of Norm referenced test (NRT) and Criterion referenced test (CRT).
  3. Meaning of central tendency of scores.

[58]

  1. Functions of National Council for Vocational Education and Training.
  2. Guiding principles of National Curriculum Framework-2005.
  3. What are the major challenges for quality elementary education in India? Give suggestions to resolve these challenges.

[59]

  1. Role of the teachers in Gender discrimination.
  2. Examine the causes of Discrimination and its remedies on the basis of Ability and Disability.
  3. Discuss the Nature and Need of Inclusive Curriculum.

[60]

  1. What is the meaning of delimitation of the problem?
  2. How will you evaluate the results of an action research?
  3. Differentiate between traditional research and action research.

[61]

  1. Difference between Interval level and Ratio level of measurement.
  2. Concept of Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation.
  3. Differentiate between Norm referenced and Criterion referenced tests.

[62]

  1. Impacts of Right to Education (RTE) on school resources.
  2. Explain the various interventions provided by SSA in detail. What hindrances did it face in achieving its targets?
  3. Critically examine the recommendations of National Policy of Education (1986). Mention the changes introduced in the revised NPE (1992).

[63]

  1. Differentiate between Slow Learner and Learning Disabled.
  2. Give an example of Social Exclusion.
  3. Differentiate between Integration and Inclusive Education. Explain the need of Inclusive Education in the present context.

[64]

  1. Give the importance of hypothesis in research.
  2. How are problems for action research selected?
  3. Prepare an action research project for the solution of a school problem.

[65]

  1. Differentiate between measurement and evaluation.
  2. Write down the definition and types of correlation.
  3. Calculate P20, P40, and P70 from the scores provided.

[66]

  1. Issue of equity in access to Secondary Education.
  2. The issue of 'quality' in government schools.
  3. Review the major recommendations of Secondary Education Commission 1953. Discuss to what extent these were implemented in the Indian education system.

[67]

  1. Write the full form of M.D.M. and UNESCO.
  2. Differentiate between mentally retarded and backward children.
  3. Describe in detail the provisions made in RTE - 2009 to promote inclusion.

[68]

  1. Write two action hypotheses on any action research problem.
  2. Write aims of fundamental research.
  3. Give the importance of hypothesis in research.

[69]

  1. Define Educational Evaluation. Differentiate among Measurement, Assessment, and Evaluation.
  2. Differentiate between formative and summative Evaluation and describe its procedure.
  3. What do you mean by a test? Describe all the steps of test-construction.

[70]

  1. Challenges of Rights to Education.
  2. What do you mean by Rights of Education. Explain the challenges in this regard.
  3. Discuss the main problems of Secondary education and suggest their remedies.

[71]

  1. What are the practices related with disability domain? Explain.
  2. What do you understand by Exclusion? Describe the programmes related with promotion of Inclusion.
  3. What important points will you consider while developing a framework of policies for management of education for inclusion of mental retardation? Describe.

[72]

  1. Differentiate between integrated education and inclusive education.
  2. What are the adaptation and changes needed in curriculum and teaching strategies to create a school inclusive? Discuss with suitable examples.
  3. What is the importance of evaluation in inclusive education? Discuss the areas of evaluation and assessment policies which hinder inclusive education.

[73]

  1. What is the meaning of curriculum? Discuss the need and importance of curriculum in Educational Process.
  2. What is team teaching? Describe the characteristics of team teaching and discuss its merits and demerits.
  3. Describe different types of Evaluation. Explain the place of evaluation in curriculum.

[74]

  1. Why teaching of civics is needed as a specific subject?
  2. What do you mean by evaluation?
  3. What do you mean by civics teaching? Discuss its importance.

[75]

  1. What do you understand by Curriculum? Explain in brief.
  2. Write the demerits of Essay type tests.
  3. Explain the principles of curriculum construction.

[76]

  1. Differentiate between segmental and supra segmental phonemes in English.
  2. What is the role of English language in India today? Explain it with examples.
  3. What are different methods of teaching English? Discuss Direct method in detail.

[77]

  1. Differentiate between general and specific objectives.
  2. What are the aims of Geography Teaching at the secondary level? Differentiate between aims and objectives.
  3. Explain the concept and basic principles of curriculum construction of Geography.

[78]

  1. Write the objectives of Hindi teaching as a mother tongue and as a second language.
  2. What is the role of emphasis (balaghat) in Hindi teaching?
  3. Describe the objectives of poetic teaching in Hindi.

[79]

  1. Describe four qualities of a history teacher.
  2. What are the various methods of History Teaching? Discuss any two methods in detail.
  3. What is curriculum? Describe some important principles of curriculum construction.

[80]

  1. What do you understand by reliability of an achievement test?
  2. Explain the main points for administration and maintenance of a Science Laboratory.
  3. Explain the steps for construction of an objective type achievement test in science.

[81]

  1. Write about the merits of the direct method in teaching of English.
  2. Differentiate between written and oral examination.
  3. Describe the role of English as a second language at present with examples.

[82]

  1. What teaching aids can be used to make Geography Teaching more effective?
  2. What do you mean by Reliability of test?
  3. Write the meaning of Geography. What is the nature of Geography Teaching at secondary level?

[83]

  1. Write about the merits of the bilingual method in teaching of English.
  2. Which teaching method is the most suitable one for teaching of English according to you? Explain.
  3. Discuss the importance of audio-visual and technological aids in teaching of English as a second language.

[84]

  1. Describe in brief the nature and scope of Geography teaching at secondary level.
  2. What is the importance of curriculum in school education? Explain the basic principles of curriculum construction of Geography.
  3. What is the demonstration method? Discuss its merits and demerits.

[85]

  1. Explain the constructivist approach in science teaching.
  2. What do you understand by reliability of a test?
  3. What is the meaning of teaching aids? What are the characteristics of good teaching aids?

[86]

  1. What is importance of Introduction in lesson plan?
  2. What do you understand by behavioural objectives?
  3. Discuss the aims of teaching civics at school level. Why civics teaching is necessary in Indian school?

[87]

  1. What are the aesthetic and creative objectives in teaching Hindi language? Explain.
  2. Explain the importance and necessity of lesson-planning in teaching Hindi.
  3. What are the new techniques for evaluation in Hindi teaching?

[88]

  1. Use of time-line and maps in History Teaching.
  2. Discuss the importance, scope and modern concept of History.
  3. Discuss the objectives of Teaching History at Secondary Level.

[89]

  1. Mention the methods of writing objectives in behavioural terms and describe any one method in detail.
  2. Write short notes on e-learning.
  3. Write short notes on Structure of Bio-Lab.

[90]

  1. Describe the correlation of Commerce with Geography.
  2. What are characteristics of Commerce textbook based on CCE Pattern?
  3. Examine the meaning and utility of Inductive and Deductive methods in Commerce teaching.

[91]

  1. What do you understand by the curriculum of Economics teaching?
  2. Write main functions of Economics library.
  3. What do you mean by objective method of evaluation?

[92]

  1. How are different aspects of English language prescribed in school curriculum? Discuss.
  2. Discuss the role of English in Indian society. Reflect your views on the place of English in Indian school curriculum.
  3. What is the Bilingual method of teaching English language? Write merits and demerits of this method.

[93]

  1. "History is both a Science and Art." Illustrate.
  2. What are the characteristics of teaching strategies?
  3. What are the various methods of teaching history employed at the Higher Secondary? Discuss the merits and demerits of any two methods.

[94]

  1. Highlight any two methods of teaching Hindi language.
  2. What do you understand by specific objectives in Hindi teaching? How are they different from general objectives? Explain with examples.
  3. Create a lesson plan for eighth grade Hindi prose teaching (35 minutes).

[95]

  1. Write down four characteristics of Visually Impairment.
  2. Define the concept of Inclusive Education. Describe the objectives and needs of Inclusive Education.
  3. What is the method of providing Remedial Teaching?

[96]

  1. What teaching methods will you use for Gender Equality?
  2. What are the main characteristics of Patriarchal Society?
  3. Evaluate the programmes for Girls' Education in India.

[97]

  1. What curriculum validities does NCF 2005 discuss for science curriculum?
  2. What are the four advantages of lesson planning in teaching?
  3. Describe the problem-solving method of biological science teaching with examples. Write merits and demerits of it.

[98]

  1. Give the use of computers in Commerce teaching.
  2. Give the need of a Commerce Club in Commerce teaching.
  3. Examine the use of project and problem-solving methods for teaching Commerce.

[99]

  1. What is the place of Science in Junior High School Curriculum?
  2. How is library helpful in the teaching of science?
  3. Throw light on the role of excursion in science teaching.

[100]

  1. What is the importance of the lecture method?
  2. What is the format of lesson planning?
  3. What are objective type tests?

[101]

  1. Discuss the place of Science in school curriculum.
  2. Explain the nature and scope of Science Teaching. Discuss the relationship of Science subject with various subjects.
  3. Describe the concept of Audio-Visual Aids in detail. Why it is essential in Science Teaching?

[102]

  1. What is the scope of Commerce education?
  2. What do you mean by Commerce club?
  3. What are the key characteristics of a businessman's personality?

[103]

  1. What are the specific objectives of biology teaching?
  2. Create a concept map of any topic of biological science.
  3. Provide four examples of objective type questions related to biology.

[104]

  1. Explain the scope of science teaching.
  2. What is meant by teaching aid? What qualities are essential in a good teaching aid? Explain with examples.
  3. Elucidate the role of co-curricular activities in understanding concepts with the help of proper examples.

[105]

  1. Scope of programs of Environmental Education.
  2. What is the concept of Environment? Explain its various components in detail.
  3. Discuss briefly about the methods of teaching and evaluation in Environmental Education.

[106]

  1. What do you mean by Environmental Management?
  2. What do you mean by Environmental Pollution? Explain the role of teacher in prevention of Environmental Pollution.
  3. Define Environmental Education? Briefly discuss different factors influencing Environmental Education.

[107]

  1. Describe the role of principal in an effective school.
  2. Discuss the role of educational planning in school management.
  3. What do you understand by Human Resource Management in school? Discuss how human resources can be effectively utilized for school management.

[108]

  1. Describe the aims of Vedic Education.
  2. Explain the main points of Education Commission 1964-66.
  3. Define Informal and Open Schools. Discuss the effectiveness of programs run by Informal and Open schools.

[109]

  1. What are the different dimensions of environment?
  2. Define environment. What are different components of environment? Describe in detail.
  3. What are the various resources of environmental education? Describe.

[110]

  1. How can a teacher neutralize the effects of gender discrimination? Give example.
  2. Write an essay on co-education and gender discrimination.
  3. What suggestions have been given in the reports of various education commissions after independence to promote girl education? Describe.

[111]

  1. Demerits of the present examination system.
  2. Underline the nature of education on the basis of Wood's Dispatch. What were its limitations?
  3. Write in detail about the contribution of Education Commission 1964 (Kothari Commission) in Indian education.

[112]

  1. Write objectives of Total Quality Management (TQM).
  2. Describe the role of principal in effective school management.
  3. What is meant by Total Quality Management? How it can be applied for effective school management.

[113]

  1. What are the needs of guidance for special children? Discuss its ongoing efforts in this field.
  2. What do you understand by counselling? Differentiate between directive and non-directive approaches to counselling.
  3. How will you organize guidance services in schools? Write answer in detail.

[114]

  1. Point out the similarities and differences between Vedic and Buddhist education.
  2. Discuss the main recommendations of National Policy on Education 1986 for the improvement and expansion of primary education.
  3. Education is necessary for the empowerment of women. Discuss.

[115]

  1. Highlight Kabir's importance in Hindi literature.
  2. Discuss the core beliefs of Sufi poets.
  3. What is Kabir's social philosophy?

[116]

  1. Analyze the relationship between Apabhramsha and Hindi.
  2. Provide two arguments supporting the statement that Hindi's early poetry forms the foundation of Hindi literature.
  3. Reflect on the sentiment of valor in Apabhramsha Chandrodaya.

[117]

  1. Write a critical essay on 'Bihari ka Muktaktva'.
  2. Outline the literary uniqueness of Dhananand as a representative poet of the Riti Mukta Kavya stream.
  3. Write a critical essay on Dhananand's linguistic planning.

[118]

  1. Throw light on the origin and growth of Hindi Journalism.
  2. Write an essay on the Hindi journalist in Kashi.
  3. Throw light on the development of Hindi Journalism after Independence.

[119]

  1. Discuss the origin and growth of Hindi journalism.
  2. Write an essay on the Hindi journalists in Kashi.
  3. Throw light on the development of Hindi journalism after independence.

[120]

  1. Translate the following English headlines into Hindi: 'Beaten by wife, more than 6500 men dial 100'; 'Large projects, GST-Spurred buying drive PC, laptop sales by over 60%'; '38-year-old Indian woman named Seattle deputy mayor'; 'Pakistan defense Twitter a/c suspended over morphed photo'; 'E-learning picks up in Unnao villages, kids hooked to tablet-based learning'.
  2. Write a news story using the following points and give a suitable heading: Road Accident, Truck, Four injured, Police Action, Medical Procedure, Ceasing.
  3. Write the names of the Chief Editors of the following newspapers: Dainik Hindustan, Dainik Jagran, Amar Ujala, Dainik Aaj, The Indian Express, The Times of India, The Hindu, The Hindustan Times, The Telegraph.

[121]

  1. Assess the significance of Socrates in the history of political thought.
  2. Examine Platonic theory of Communism.
  3. Assess Marsilio's contribution to political thought.

[122]

  1. What do you understand by the term National Interest?
  2. What do you understand by Foreign Policy?
  3. Write a brief note on decision-making theory in the study of International Politics.

[123]

  1. Discuss Aristotle's views regarding the origin, nature, and purpose of the State.
  2. Discuss Aristotle's Ideal State. Can it be viewed as a sub-ideal State of Plato?
  3. Discuss the political ideas of St. Thomas Acquinas.

[124]

  1. Explain the meaning and development of International Relations.
  2. Critically analyse the theory of realism in the study of International Relations.
  3. Examine the kinds and importance of the theory of bargaining in present times.

[125]

  1. Examine the position of freedom of Supreme Court of India.
  2. Describe 'Judicial Activism' in Indian Judiciary.
  3. Describe the dual role of Governor in Indian Constitution.

[126]

  1. Examine the characteristics of the traditional approach to Comparative Politics and discuss its merits and limitations.
  2. Analyse the causes of the decline in the powers of legislature in modern states.
  3. Examine the aims and types of political parties.

[127]

  1. Discuss the significance of Machiavelli's contribution to political thought.
  2. What are the key principles of Bentham's utilitarianism?
  3. Discuss the role of property in creating social inequality according to Rousseau.

[128]

  1. Where did Vivekananda establish the Ram Krishna Mission?
  2. What is the significance of 'Panchsheel' Treaty and its principles?
  3. What was M.N. Roy's criticism of Marxism, and why?

[129]

  1. Which scholar accepted public administration as a science?
  2. Who used the word public administration for the first time?
  3. Who presented the POSDCORB approach systematically?

[130]

  1. Name the first country of the Soviet Republic (USSR) to declare its independence.
  2. Analyze the implications of Woodrow Wilson's 14 points in international relations.
  3. Discuss the causes and consequences of the Cuban Missile Crisis.

[131]

  1. Chandraprabha wildlife sanctuary is situated in.
  2. First tourism policy was implemented in.
  3. Kashi Vishwanath temple is dedicated.

[132]

  1. What are Lapies and Coastal Cliffs?
  2. Discuss the type and concept of Physical Landscape.
  3. Discuss with diagrams the erosional landforms produced by rivers in humid regions.

[133]

  1. What is the social problem of Schedule tribe?
  2. Examine the role of caste in Indian Politics.
  3. What do you mean by National integration? What are the factors that affect the national integration in Indian Political System?

[134]

  1. What is Non-Experimental Design? Describe its various types.
  2. Write a note on research characteristics and utility of Chi-square test.
  3. Describe types of advanced correlation methods and critically evaluate their merits and limitations.

[135]

  1. What are the characteristics of Language?
  2. Describe the steps of Problem Solving.
  3. Explain the important theories of Thinking.

[136]

  1. Throw light on Atkinson approach.
  2. Explain Maslow's Hierarchical theory of human motivation.
  3. Man as a scientist: Kelly.

[137]

  1. Discuss the nature of stress.
  2. Explain the differences among insomnia, hypersomnia, and parasomnias based on their symptoms.
  3. Describe the mechanism of synaptic plasticity in terms of learning.

[138]

  1. Clarify main advantages of sampling.
  2. What is Content Analysis? Indicate the major steps to be undertaken in proper Content Analysis.
  3. Calculate mean deviation of the given data.

[139]

  1. Throw some light on Environmental Movements.
  2. Explain the impact of social environment on human society.
  3. Explain the various types of disaster management in India.

[140]

  1. What is the meaning of Peace? Discuss.
  2. Explain Non-Violence according to Modern Tradition.
  3. Explain the social form of peace.

[141]

  1. Write answers on any two of the following: Educational Radio, Satellite Television, Parallel Cinema, Site and Kheda Project.
  2. Focus on the history of Radio in India.
  3. Write about Film and Television Institute of India.

[142]

  1. Write short notes on any two of the following: Concept of development, Traditional medium of development, Development Participatory Communication, Sustainable development.
  2. What do you mean by developing country? Describe the features of developing country.
  3. What is participatory communication? Describe the uses and features of participatory communication.

[143]

  1. Discuss the mass culture and media co-relational aspects.
  2. Write an essay on intercultural conflict and culture.
  3. Discuss UNESCO's efforts in the promotion of intercultural communication.

[144]

  1. Describe Human Nature according to Hobbes.
  2. Discuss Machiavelli's views regarding religion and morality.
  3. Write a critical note on Rousseau's Concept of General Will.

[145]

  1. What do you mean by New Cold War?
  2. Discuss the Division of Palestine.
  3. Discuss the causes of the emergence of New World Order.

[146]

  1. What is closed market system?
  2. What is communalism in Indian Politics?
  3. What is evil of Linguisticism?

[147]

  1. What are the steps of Problem Solving?
  2. Explain the social context of Language.
  3. Define Concept Formation and discuss Levine's theory of Hypothesis Testing.

[148]

  1. Write about the development of Hindi Cinema in India.
  2. Throw light on the history and development of Radio in India.
  3. Discuss the interrelationship of TV and market.

[149]

  1. Throw light on the role of Gandhian development model in development.
  2. What do you understand by Participatory Communication? Write its role in Educational Development.
  3. What do you understand by democratic decentralization? Write its importance.

[150]

  1. Explain Public Relations in the Government Sector.
  2. Explain Public Relations in the context of contemporary society.
  3. Prepare a plan of House Journal for your University.

[151]

  1. Discuss cultural symbols in non-verbal communication.
  2. Examine Doordarshan as a vehicle of inter-cultural communication.
  3. What is mass culture? Focus on its concept and definition.

[152]

  1. Discuss the lifestyle of the aristocracy during the Sultanate period.
  2. Evaluate the impact of Islam on Indian Society.
  3. Describe the role of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan in the modernization of the Muslim Community in India.

[153]

  1. Muhammad Tughlaq was a patricide. Discuss.
  2. Examine the role of Ulema in the politics of Delhi Sultanate.
  3. Write short notes on: Caliph, Amir Khusro, Transfer of capital, First Battle of Panipat (1526).

[154]

  1. Discuss the causes for the annexation of Sindh by the British.
  2. Discuss the causes for the Third Anglo-Maratha War (1818-1819).
  3. Critically analyse the social and educational policies of the East India Company from 1805 to 1848.

[155]

  1. Review the foreign policy of Bismarck.
  2. Discuss the Anglo-Russian Entente (1907).
  3. Discuss the internal policy of Turkey under Kamal Pasha.

[156]

  1. Examine the main role of State.
  2. Examine the RTI Act, 2005.
  3. Critically analyze the importance of Governance in India.

[157]

  1. Discuss the principles of Panchsheel.
  2. Explain the Look East Policy.
  3. Describe the determining factors of India's foreign policy.

[158]

  1. Do you think that 'Australia' of A.D. Hope is questioning the portrayal of Australia in the world's standard?
  2. Discuss Agha Shahid Ali as a poet with special references to 'Postcard from Kashmir'.
  3. Bring out the central concept of the poem 'I Am Not That Woman'.

[159]

  1. What does the term archetype mean in literary criticism? Explain briefly.
  2. Estimate Bakhtin's theory of the novel as described in his essay 'Discourse in the Novel'.
  3. Summarise the main views of C.S. Singh as described in his essay 'Reading Text Ideas in Motion and Kinesthetic Form'.

[160]

  1. Translate the provided Hindi paragraph into English.
  2. Translate the provided English paragraph into Hindi.
  3. Define different kinds of translation.

[161]

  1. Write a critical note on the significance of the title 'Karmabhumi'.
  2. Justify the symbolic and philosophical dimensions of 'Karmabhumi'.
  3. Bring out the significance of the title 'A Fine Balance'.

[162]

  1. Discuss Marx's theory of Surplus Value.
  2. Analyze Marx's theory of Social Revolution.
  3. Discuss the main theories proposed by Lenin.

[163]

  1. What do you mean by Clinical Interview?
  2. Explain the importance and diagnostic value of WAIS in intellectual assessments.
  3. What is Leadership? Describe its various functions.

[164]

  1. What is the role of conditioning in abnormal behaviour?
  2. Describe the biological approach in abnormal behaviour.
  3. Write in detail about unipolar disorder.

[165]

  1. What is the practice in test administration?
  2. Discuss the concept of validity.
  3. Throw light on methods for determining the validity of a test.

[166]

  1. What is the attribution of success?
  2. Discuss the nature and scope of social psychology.
  3. Discuss the nature as well as internal external factors of attribution.

[167]

  1. Discuss briefly the Adam Smith's theory of absolute advantage.
  2. What are the necessary conditions for the success of international cartel?
  3. What is World Trade Organisation? Explain its objectives and functions.

[168]

  1. Describe the Poverty Index of A.K. Sen.
  2. Distinguish between econometrics and mathematical economics.
  3. Find the trend value by the least square method from the given data.

[169]

  1. What do you understand by 'Market Demand Curve'? Explain.
  2. Describe the Poverty Index of A.K. Sen.
  3. Define Gini Coefficient with the help of Lorenz curve. Prove that value of Gini equals twice the area in between line of equality and Lorenz curve.

[170]

  1. What is meant by Logistic Curve?
  2. Explain the use of Cross-Section data in demand analysis with the help of suitable example.
  3. Give details of the Log-normal distribution and Pareto distribution used in describing the income distribution and make comparison between them.

[171]

  1. Translate into Hindi any two of the following: (a) (b) (c)
  2. Translate into Hindi any two of the following: (a) (b) , , (c) , ,
  3. Translate into Hindi any two of the following: (a) (b) (c) ,

[172]

  1. Describe the causal organism, symptoms, and control measures of the following diseases: Late blight of potato, Citrus canker, Yellow vein mosaic of bhindi.
  2. Describe the distribution of microorganisms in soil and their contribution to soil fertility.
  3. Write notes on: Rhizosphere, Rhizobia.

[173]

  1. Which literary work is referred to as the jewel box of Hindi literature?
  2. What did Kabirdas mean by 'Nirmal Sur'?
  3. Explain the emotional and expressive aspects of Jayasi's poetry.

[174]

  1. Which mythological stories did Surdas reference to support 'Santat Bhakt Meet Hitkari'?
  2. List the main patrons of poet Bhushan.
  3. Evaluate the artistic expression of Tulsi in light of the statement: 'Tulsi's emotional experiences are as profound and touching as his expression is refined and mature.'

[175]

  1. Based on the play 'Dhruvaswamini', provide a character analysis of the heroine.
  2. Critically analyze the dramatic artistry of Mohan Rakesh in the play 'Adhe-Adhure'.
  3. Review the one-act play 'Naye Mehman' based on the elements of one-act play art.

[176]

  1. Translate two of the provided Sanskrit verses into Hindi.
  2. Mention a work written by Bharavi.
  3. Identify two eminent figures in Indian literature and write an introduction.

[177]

  1. Write a short essay on one of the following topics: Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Homi Jehangir Bhabha, or Madan Mohan Malviya.
  2. Write the structure and format of a government letter.
  3. Correct any five of the following words: Anugrah, Anadhikar, Ujjwal, Jyotsna, Drishya, Puraskar, Varishth, Mishtann, Sanyasi, Strot.

[178]

  1. If 5 students scored 3, 5, 4, 6, and 7 in Hindi, what is their average score?
  2. Which country has made Priyanka Radhakrishnan a minister?
  3. Which five-year plan of India was based on liberalization and globalization?

[179]

  1. Translate the following lines into Hindi: 'The culture teaches discipline and moral values which, need to be carried everywhere when you are exposed to the world. India is a country that boasts of a rich culture.'
  2. What do you think about Sant Kabirdas' contribution to society?
  3. Give in detail a brief history and significance of translation.

[180]

  1. What kind of book is the history of Hindi literature?
  2. In which university was Ramdhari Singh Dinkar a professor and head of Hindi?
  3. When was Ramdhari Singh Dinkar the Hindi advisor for the Indian government?

[181]

  1. Write about the significance of 'Ahimsa Paramo Dharma'.
  2. What is the significance of 'Rashmirathi' by Ramdhari Singh Dinkar?
  3. What are the salient features of Indian art?

[182]

  1. Which aspects of the Hindi essay 'Utsaha' are highlighted?
  2. What is the real name of Mahatma Gandhi?
  3. Which type of cardamom is traded in the future market?

[183]

  1. When does a flower consider itself glorious?
  2. Who made the statement about Dharma being a union of God and Consciousness through love?
  3. Discuss the qualities of a good summary.

[184]

  1. Who is the poet of the character 'Sujaan'?
  2. Write a critical essay on the personality and works of Bihari.
  3. Interpret the verse describing the comparison of intoxication between gold and other substances.

[185]

  1. Translate any two sentences into Hindi.
  2. Translate any five Hindi sentences into Sanskrit.
  3. Give an introduction to Rik Sanhita or Atharv Sanhita.

[186]

  1. What is the purpose of the story 'Namak Ka Daroga'?
  2. Why has the author referred to democracy as a religion?
  3. What are the rules for writing a summary?

[187]

  1. Explain the poetic beauty of the poem 'Todti Pathar'.
  2. Explain the rules of 'Sandhi' with examples.
  3. How can Sanatan Dharma achieve victory over materialism?

[188]

  1. What challenges do historians face in writing the history of Hindi literature?
  2. Review the importance of Munshi Premchand's storytelling in Hindi literature.
  3. Briefly describe the development journey of Hindi novels.

[189]

  1. Describe the contributions of Dushyant Kumar Tyagi to the Hindi Ghazal genre.
  2. Briefly write about the personality and works of Kedarnath Agarwal.
  3. Discuss the characteristics of Progressive Poetry.

[190]

  1. Illuminate the importance of Hindi Varna Vinyaas.
  2. Explain Hindi punctuation marks with examples.
  3. Write a brief comment on the Sun.

[191]

  1. Based on the story 'Chief Ki Dawat', describe the current state of elderly family members.
  2. Discuss the current state of women based on the lesson 'Naritva Ka Abhishap'.
  3. Perform Sandhi Vichhed for the following words: Mahendra, Vidyalaya, Dehant, Parameshwar, Maharshi, Swagat, Saccharitra.

[192]

  1. What is meant by 'Mental Slavery'?
  2. Explain how scientific inventions have influenced human life.
  3. Explain why Hindu Dharma is called 'Sanatan Dharma' and the role of religion in our lives.

[193]

  1. Translate the passage into Hindi: 'The Indian civilization has always been based on religions and moral values. Herein lays its unity and strength. Indian culture has remained alive and dynamic because it has always been tolerant of different cultures.'
  2. Fill in the blank with a reflexive pronoun: She spoke to ____.
  3. Insert a suitable preposition: Ramesh was accused ____ murder.

[194]

  1. Introduce the writings of Bhawani Prasad Mishra.
  2. Write the linguistic beauty of Raghuvir Sahay's poetry.
  3. Introduce the poets of 'Nayi Kavita'.

[195]

  1. Provide an introduction to Eastern or Western Hindi dialects.
  2. Describe the different forms of the Hindi language.
  3. Write the features of modern Hindi poetry and provide an introduction to the works of two prominent poets.

[196]

  1. Discuss the various forms of the Hindi language.
  2. How are truth and non-violence interwoven like fabric?
  3. Analyze the depiction of India's form in the essay 'Motherland'.

[197]

  1. What new thought and style did Muktibodh bring to Hindi poetry?
  2. Critically evaluate Agyeya's poetic craftsmanship and his role in modern Hindi poetry.
  3. Mention four characteristics of contemporary Hindi poetry.

[198]

  1. Write in short about the development of Hindi Literature in Mughal period.
  2. Write a short note on Abdul Qadir Badauni.
  3. Write about the invasion of Nadir Shah.

[199]

  1. Which year did Swami Vivekananda deliver his Chicago lecture?
  2. What is the name of the monastery founded by Vivekananda?
  3. Discuss the significance of blogging and vlogging.

[200]

  1. Name one of Bhavani Prasad Mishra's works.
  2. What is the name of the monastery founded by Vivekananda?
  3. Discuss the significance of blogging and vlogging.

[201]

  1. Explain the various forms of the Hindi language.
  2. What is the meaning of official language?
  3. Throw light on Bundeli folk literature.

[202]

  1. Which was the first Hindi newspaper?
  2. When was Hindi declared as the official language?
  3. How many types of words are found in the Hindi vocabulary? Describe with examples.

[203]

  1. Introduce Bundeli language and explain its characteristics.
  2. What are the features of drafting?
  3. Write about different dimensions of journalism.

[204]

  1. What efforts should be made for the progressive enrichment of the Hindi language?
  2. Throw light on the vocabulary of Hindi.
  3. Clarify the meaning of journalism.

[205]

  1. What is a memoir? Explain it.
  2. What are the prominent folk paintings of Bundelkhand?
  3. Why is the telephone called a gift of science?

[206]

  1. Explain the four concluding lines of the poem \"Stopping by woods on a snowy evening.\"
  2. Why was the cherry tree so special for Raki?
  3. What message does Narayan convey through the story \"The Axe\"?

[207]

  1. Explain the features of Mahadevi Verma's poetry.
  2. Describe the biography of Bhaiyalal Vyas.
  3. Discuss the language style of Dr. Lakshminarayan Lal.

[208]

  1. Explain the poetic features of Sudama 'Sharad'.
  2. Comment on Bharatendu Harishchandra's prose.
  3. Discuss the thematic features of Suresh Shukla.

[209]

  1. Prove that Lakshmi Narayan Mishra is a realist.
  2. Write the characteristics of one-act plays by Lakshmi Narayan Lal.
  3. What do you know about Mohan Rakesh's dramas?

[210]

  1. Explain the poetic features of Sudama 'Sharad'.
  2. Introduce Lakshminarayan Mishra's literary works.
  3. Discuss the thematic features of Suresh Shukla.

[211]

  1. Describe the biography of Bhaiyalal Vyas.
  2. Highlight the language style of Dr. Durgesh Dixit.
  3. Provide the biography of Lakshminarayan Mishra.

[212]

  1. Prove that Lakshmi Narayan Mishra is a realist.
  2. What do you know about Mohan Rakesh's dramas?
  3. Why did Gulab Rai start considering himself as merely a 'writer'?

[213]

  1. What is meant by 'Rajbhasha'? Explain.
  2. What is the meaning of 'Drafting'?
  3. Write down the objectives of translation.

[214]

  1. What are the diverse forms of Hindi language? Explain in detail.
  2. What is prcis writing? Highlight the characteristics of good prcis writing.
  3. Provide a critical analysis of the play 'Andher Nagari.'

[215]

  1. Discuss the importance of English in your life or the World Hindi Summit or Social Media.
  2. Why does the author refer to Shirish Ke Phool as a timeless hermit?
  3. What are the two qualities of mind presented in the poem?

[216]

  1. Write two synonyms each for the words 'Kanak', 'Sagar', 'Taroo', 'Suman', and 'Kamal'.
  2. Describe the story of man's birth chronologically.
  3. Write about the character of 'Officer'.

[217]

  1. Who did Swami Vivekananda thank in his address?
  2. Review Suryakant Tripathi Nirala's poem 'Todti Patthar'.
  3. Define Samas and explain its types.

[218]

  1. How many types of signs are used in the Hindi language?
  2. Explain the literal meaning and importance of democracy and republic.
  3. Complete sentences using appropriate articles, prepositions, and answers.

[219]

  1. Why is forgiveness considered a divine quality?
  2. Summarize the story 'The Last Leaf'.
  3. Write an article on one of the following topics: The aim of education, Mobile phones: A modern utility or a health hazard, The freedom of press.

[220]

  1. : " - , , "

[221]

  1. Highlight the development of Hindi dramas.
  2. Discuss the origin and evolution of Hindi one-act plays.
  3. Write an essay on the poetic beauty of Alha Khand based on the works of poet Jagnik.

[222]

  1. How should the Hindi teacher provide silent reading education to the student?
  2. Differentiate between reading aloud and silent reading. What purpose do they serve?
  3. Mention in detail some autobiographical narratives that you have read and reflected upon.

[223]

  1. Explain legal words or sentences either in Hindi or English.
  2. Explain legal maxims in Hindi or English.
  3. Write a letter in Hindi to the District Magistrate to ban loudspeakers during exams.

[224]

  1. Who used the word 'Swaraj' first and accepted Hindi as the National language?
  2. When did Cripps Mission come to India?
  3. Who wrote the book 'Poverty of India'?

[225]

  1. Which essay states exams in India are like a gamble?
  2. Which magazine is Shri Kant Verma associated with?
  3. Which essay praises sandal as 'profound while its light?'

[226]

  1. Describe the Braj Bhasha literature during the Riti period.
  2. Explain the characteristics of folk ballads.
  3. Elucidate the origin, region, and characteristics of Braj Bhasha.

[227]

  1. Explain the contribution of experimental poets in the development of Hindi literature.
  2. Interpret the poem describing 'Tung Himalaya Ke Kandhon Par Chhoti-Badi Jheelein Hain'.
  3. Analyze the provided lines about diverse types of songs and their context.

[228]

  1. Discuss the origin and development of Hindi short stories.
  2. Discuss Heera Bai's character traits in the story 'Teesri Kasam'.
  3. Highlight the personality of Kamleshwar.

[229]

  1. What is an Ombudsman in India called?
  2. Who is the chairperson of NCW?
  3. Who defined the term 'white collar crime'?

[230]

  1. What is Article 15 about in the Constitution of India?
  2. What does the Muslim Women Act, 1986 provide?
  3. What is the scope of the PNDT Act?

[231]

  1. Constitution of India prohibits employment of children in hazardous environments such as factories or mines.
  2. Directive for free and compulsory education is provided under Article 45 of the Constitution.
  3. Minimum Age Convention fixes the minimum age for entering employment.

[232]

  1. Translate a given Hindi sentence into English.
  2. How is the dictionary used for words and idiomatic phrases?
  3. Distinguish between British English and American English.

[233]

  1. Who said 'Education sociology is to apply the principle of sociology to the whole process of education'?
  2. Who said 'Democracy is the rule of the people for the people and by the people'?
  3. What is the concept of equality of educational opportunity?

[234]

  1. What part of the brain usually controls language development?
  2. What is it called when something learned earlier starts to be forgotten due to later learning?
  3. What is the third stage of cognitive development according to Piaget?

[235]

  1. How do pragmatists perceive school?
  2. Where did Rabindranath Tagore establish a school?
  3. According to idealism, what is an ideal of education?

[236]

  1. Who firstly gave the definition of Mental Retardness?
  2. The deaf children have problems in which parts of the ear?
  3. When was the Right to Education Act-2009 implemented?

[237]

  1. When was International Year of Older Persons celebrated?
  2. When does cultural lag occur?
  3. What type of organization is ASEAN?

[238]

  1. What is the relationship between Education and Sociology?
  2. Describe Cooley's theory of sociology.
  3. What do you mean by the sociological basis of education? Explain the importance of educational sociology.

[239]

  1. Describe the guidance functions of a classroom teacher.
  2. Write about aims and importance of group counselling.
  3. Describe different techniques of guidance and clarify their uses.

[240]

  1. What was the medium of education during Buddhist Period?
  2. Who gave the suggestion to hand over the primary education to local bodies?
  3. What was the term of reference for the National Education Commission?

[241]

  1. Who proposed Theory X and Theory Y related to leadership?
  2. What percentage of national income was spent on education in 1951?
  3. When was the University Grants Commission Act amended?

[242]

  1. What does UNCRPD stand for?
  2. How are gifted children identified?
  3. What types of groups do inclusive children form?

[243]

  1. Aspect emphasized in play way method.
  2. Important qualities of a good teacher.
  3. Prerequisites for lesson plan preparation.

[244]

  1. Why is tariff imposed on imports?
  2. Which country is not a member of SAPTA?
  3. When was the SEZ policy for promoting exports initiated in India?

[245]

  1. Explain the impact of deferred tax liability on corporate financial statements.
  2. Explain how international taxation affects multinational corporations.
  3. What are the ethical considerations in corporate tax management?

[246]

  1. What are the economic effects of advertising?
  2. What does consumer behavior study focus on?
  3. What are the types of outdoor advertisements?

[247]

  1. What is an example of a hidden advertisement?
  2. What type of promotion is related to discounts?
  3. What is a display in a retail outlet called?

[248]

  1. What are the characteristics of a valid trade mark under the Trade Marks Act, 1999?
  2. How can rights over a trade mark be acquired in India?
  3. What is cyber-squatting and how is it linked to trade marks?

[249]

  1. Education allowance exemptions and limits.
  2. Income treatment from the sale of household furniture.
  3. Taxability of pension under different heads.

[250]

  1. Which of the following is not a ground for divorce under Hindu law?
  2. Which section of Domestic Violence Act, 2005 deals with duties of Police officer, Service Provider & Magistrate?
  3. All irregular marriages are void under Hanafi law.

[251]

  1. What does contemporary penology concern itself mainly with?
  2. Who chaired the 'All India Committee' on prison reforms from 1980-1983?
  3. What contributions led to the development of modern prison institutions?

[252]

  1. During the Muslim Period, what were the taxes on agriculture yield?
  2. When did the Zamindari Abolition Committee submit its report?
  3. What are the rights and restrictions of Bhumidhar tenure holders under different sections of the Revenue Code?

[253]

  1. Who was the first Indian to speak in Hindi before the UN General Assembly?
  2. Where is the headquarters of the Atomic Energy Agency?
  3. What is the role of WTO?

[254]

  1. Who said insurance provides protection against risks?
  2. On what grounds can an insurance agent's service be terminated?
  3. What conditions apply to life insurance agents?

[255]

  1. Which equitable maxim applies in the Highwayman case?
  2. Which case relates to the maxim 'Equity follows the Law'?
  3. What are the classifications of trusts based on their objects?

[256]

  1. What was the International Court of Justice's stance on military and paramilitary activities in and against Nicaragua?
  2. On what grounds can the UN intervene in the affairs of member states?
  3. Which article of the second Geneva Convention describes protected rights?

[257]

  1. Which statement about Hindi and English as languages is correct?
  2. Identify the pronoun in 'Nothing lasts forever.'
  3. Transform into passive voice: 'The thief climbed over the wall without being seen.'

[258]

  1. How many years of imprisonment can an accused face under section 66 of the IT Act?
  2. Which section covers representations upon issuance of Digital Signature Certificates?
  3. What is the term for revoking a digital signature certificate?

[259]

  1. Distinguish between tax and fee.
  2. Mention the objects of taxation.
  3. Examine the provisions relating to the distribution of tax revenues.

[260]

  1. Which case discusses the disclosure of information by institutions receiving grants?
  2. Which cases exempt information from being disclosed?
  3. Under RTI, in what circumstances is information provided free of charge?

[261]

  1. Who is liable to pay land revenue?
  2. Under what circumstances can a declaratory suit be filed?
  3. What types of disabled persons are recognized under this code?

[262]

  1. What is Copyright in sound records?
  2. What is the meaning of License?
  3. Define ownership of Copyright and rights of the owner.

[263]

  1. Which article in the constitution is associated with surcharge?
  2. Which article was instituted in 2016?
  3. Value-added tax is equivalent to what?

[264]

  1. Describe the process steps involved in invention.
  2. Who does the court issue notices to in case of patent infringement?
  3. How can patentees transfer rights through license agreements?

[265]

  1. By which amendment was the Right to Education made a Fundamental Right?
  2. What is the timeline for establishing a school in areas where none exist, as per the RTE Act?
  3. Which legislation provides for the education rights of persons with disabilities until the age of 18?

[266]

  1. Who proposed the Utilitarian theory?
  2. On what premise does the 'Purity' of Kelson's theory rest?
  3. Who argued that rights and duties are co-relative?

[267]

  1. What does Section 25 of the SEBI Act, 1992 deal with?
  2. What are 'Blue chip' companies?
  3. What does net asset value account for?

[268]

  1. Public act is defined as?
  2. What are internal aids of interpretation?
  3. While applying the literal rule, what should be considered?

[269]

  1. Is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights a binding legal instrument?
  2. When was the National Human Rights Commission in India established?
  3. Who is the chairperson of the National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes?

[270]

  1. What does 'property' include under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code?
  2. Who made the key recommendations for the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code?
  3. What is the responsibility of the Liquidator under the liquidation process?

[271]

  1. Which institution serves as the central banking authority in India?
  2. What are the provisions of the Banking Regulation Act 1949?
  3. What elements constitute a valid cheque?

[272]

  1. What year was the Annual Information Return concept introduced in India?
  2. Which article defines Goods and Services Tax in the Indian Constitution?
  3. What are the merits of direct taxes?

[273]

  1. A patent is granted for what?
  2. What does EMR stand for?
  3. Where is every patent application filed?

[274]

  1. What is the timeline for publishing a directory of public officers?
  2. Who is Subhash Chandra Agrawal known as?
  3. What is the retirement age for the Chief Information Commissioner?

[275]

  1. Providing opportunities for education to children between the age of 6-14 years is classified as what?
  2. Is it mandatory for every school to have a library?
  3. Which newly inserted section was added to the Act in 2019?

[276]

  1. In which section of the U.P. Revenue Code 2006 has the 'Agricultural years' been defined?
  2. When does the 'Agricultural year' end as per the U.P. Revenue Code 2006?
  3. In how many years will the village list be revised under the U.P. Revenue Code 2006?

[277]

  1. Jurisprudence is the philosophy or science of law.
  2. What is the meaning of 'Jurisprudentia'?
  3. How does jurisprudence connect to ideas such as natural law?

[278]

  1. Where did the formal origin of mutual funds occur?
  2. What is the link provided by the securities market?
  3. What are the rights of a debenture holder in securities markets?

[279]

  1. How many schedules are there in the Banking Regulation Act 1949?
  2. Which section defines endorsement in full?
  3. Which case relates to Bhandari vs Punjab National Bank?

[280]

  1. What are the remedies available to a person if police refuses to register his FIR?
  2. Describe powers of the Appellate Court.
  3. Discuss the rights of arrested persons.

[281]

  1. Which section of the Protection of Human Rights Act provides for the constitution of State Human Rights Commissions?
  2. What principle does Judicial Activism counter?
  3. What are incorrect statements regarding Refugees?

[282]

  1. What are private statutes based upon?
  2. What happens if there is a conflict between a schedule and a specific provision?
  3. Explain the term 'Obiter Dicta' and its importance in case law.

[283]

  1. Define Decree. What are the essentials of a decree and how does it differ from order?
  2. Comment on the Doctrine of Res-Judicata as a doctrine for public welfare. Elaborate its essential elements and discuss its application to co-plaintiffs.
  3. Explain in detail inherent powers of Court and provide three cases of inherent powers of Court.

[284]

  1. Explain the Doctrine of Part Performance.
  2. Can an Easement be transferred?
  3. Explain 'Transfer by unauthorized person.'

[285]

  1. Discuss the duties of Conciliation officer.
  2. What do you know about Unfair Labour Practices?
  3. Is registration of trade union compulsory under the Trade Union Act? Is it entitled to claim privileges and immunities even if it is unregistered? What are the privileges and immunities of the Trade Union?

[286]

  1. Explain various kinds of companies.
  2. Describe alteration of name clause of Memorandum.
  3. State about liquidator, his powers and duties.

[287]

  1. When can a company be punished for an offence committed under the Environment Protection Act, 1986?
  2. What are the causes of air pollution?
  3. Discuss the provisions in relation to restrictions on new outlets and new discharges under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act.

[288]

  1. What is the Rule against bias?
  2. What is the Difference between Article 32 and Article 226 of Indian Constitution?
  3. What is a Writ of Habeas Corpus?

[289]

  1. Explain the 'Rule against perpetuity'.
  2. Differentiate between 'Customary Easement' and 'Prescriptive Easement'.
  3. Is a minor or a 'Pardanashin' lady competent to transfer property under the provisions of the Transfer of Property Act?

[290]

  1. Under what circumstances a strike will be illegal?
  2. What is political fund under the Trade Union Act, 1926?
  3. What is the machinery for settlement of industrial dispute under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947?

[291]

  1. How does the Indian Penal Code control environmental pollution?
  2. Write a short note on the National Environmental Tribunal.
  3. Discuss the provisions in relation to restrictions on new outlets and new discharges under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act.

[292]

  1. Who is a Workman under Industrial Dispute Act, 1947? Explain.
  2. What is the difference between Strike and Lock-out? Explain.
  3. What is the 'Lay-off' under Industrial Disputes Act, 1947? Explain.

[293]

  1. Define Easement and point out its essential elements.
  2. Critically discuss the Rule against Perpetuity and point out its exceptions.
  3. Discuss the statement 'An easement of necessity is a right which an owner or occupier of land must of necessity exercise on or over another's land for enjoyment of its use'.

[294]

  1. Critically examine the 'Doctrine of separation of power' in reference to India.
  2. Distinguish between Administration law and Constitutional law.
  3. Write a short note on Conditional legislation.

[295]

  1. What do you mean by Private Company?
  2. Discuss the principle of majority and state its exceptions.
  3. Discuss the rule of lifting of corporate veil in detail.

[296]

  1. What do you understand by Environmental Law?
  2. Describe the object of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.
  3. Discuss the constitutional basis of the right to a healthy and clean environment.

[297]

  1. What do you mean by a 'Sweat equity share'?
  2. Differentiate between holding Company and Subsidiary Company.
  3. Write a short note on 'Articles of Association'.

[298]

  1. Discuss the nature and importance of Administrative law in Modern India.
  2. What do you understand by Rule of Law? Discuss its position and importance in India.
  3. Describe the Writ of Certiorari.

[299]

  1. Define prospectus and state its importance.
  2. How is the transfer of debentures effected?
  3. How is the interest of minority shareholders protected against mismanagement of company under the Act?

[300]

  1. What do you understand by pollution?
  2. What is the role of public interest litigation in environmental protection?
  3. Explain how PIL acts as an instrument of environmental protection.

[301]

  1. Describe the power and functions of Labour Court under Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.
  2. Examine the rights and liabilities of registered trade union under Trade Union Act, 1926.
  3. Describe the objects of Industrial Dispute Act. Explain up to what extent objects in Acts are fulfilled.

[302]

  1. Explain the principle of 'Clog on redemption'.
  2. Define 'Sale' and point out its essentials.
  3. Discuss the doctrine of lis pendens as enunciated in Section 52 of the Transfer of Property Act.

[303]

  1. What is meant by reasonable opportunity?
  2. Discuss judicial review of administrative discretion.
  3. What do you understand by Rule of Law? Discuss its position and importance in India.

[304]

  1. Explain the doctrine of election.
  2. What is meant by "Universal Donee"? Explain by giving example.
  3. Define 'Gift' and discuss its essentials.

[305]

  1. On what objects can the general fund of a trade union be spent?
  2. Is change of name and Amalgamation of Trade Union possible? If yes, what is the procedure? Explain.
  3. What are special privileges of registered Trade Union under Trade Union Act, 1926? Explain.

[306]

  1. Describe the Writ of Certiorari.
  2. Explain the principles of Natural Justice.
  3. Discuss the nature and scope of Writ of Habeas Corpus.

[307]

  1. What is liability of Chief Wild Life Warden?
  2. Write a short note on Central Water Pollution Prevention and Control Board.
  3. Describe the provisions of Indian Constitution relating to Environment Protection.

[308]

  1. What do you understand by dividend?
  2. What do you mean by Private Company? When does a private company become a public company? Can a public company be transformed into a private company? Distinguish between a public and private company.
  3. Explain the provisions relating to the restriction on the appointment and appointment of Managing Director. Distinguish between Manager and Managing Director.

[309]

  1. Immovable property includes 'benefits arising out of land'. Explain giving suitable examples.
  2. Differentiate between 'Customary Easement' and 'Prescriptive Easement'.
  3. Define 'Mortgage' and point out its essentials. Describe in detail any two types of 'Mortgage'.

[310]

  1. Differentiate between a private company and a public company.
  2. What are the legal effects of certificate of incorporation?
  3. Describe in detail the composition and power of the National Company Law Tribunal.

[311]

  1. Discuss the duties of Conciliation Officer.
  2. Critically analyze the statement 'Labour Legislation is a means to secure economic and social justice to labourers' in the era of liberalism and new economic policy.
  3. Is registration of Trade Union compulsory under the Trade Unions Act, 1926? Can an unregistered Trade Union claim privileges and immunities?

[312]

  1. Write a short note on Environmental and Fundamental Duties.
  2. Discuss the composition, power, and functions of Authorities under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.
  3. Give the main features of the Environment Protection Act, 1986 and explain the powers of the central government to protect the environment under the Act.

[313]

  1. What is meant by Attestation?
  2. What property cannot be transferred?
  3. Define and explain vested and contingent interest.

[314]

  1. 'Award' under Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.
  2. Explain 'Industry' with the help of decided cases under Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. Whether an 'Educational Institution' is an industry?
  3. Who is 'Workman' under Industrial Disputes Act, 1947? Explain with the help of decided cases.

[315]

  1. Write a short note on development of Environment Protection with reference to International Scenario.
  2. Explain the Air Pollution. What mechanism is given to prevent Air Pollution in Air (Protection and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.
  3. What do you mean by Noise Pollution? Explain the legal control to prevent Noise Pollution.

[316]

  1. Write a short note on the Right to Know.
  2. What do you understand by delegated legislation? Discuss the grounds on which delegated legislation can be invalidated.
  3. Explain the Rule of Law in the context of India and its role in checking arbitrariness of administrative authorities.

[317]

  1. Explain 'Statement in lieu of prospectus'.
  2. Mention the main powers National Company Law Tribunal.
  3. Describe the procedure of voluntary winding-up of a company and point out legal effects of such winding-up.

[318]

  1. Explain Right to Life and Environment.
  2. Explain the 'Polluter Pay Principle'.
  3. Define 'Noise Pollution'. Explain the Judicial control to prevent Noise Pollution.

[319]

  1. What is the advantage of incorporation of a company?
  2. Explain doctrine of ultra vires.
  3. Explain member and shareholder of a company.

[320]

  1. What are the consequences of illegal strike?
  2. Whether the reference of an Industrial Dispute for adjudication is mere discretionary or the appropriate government is bound with any criteria? If so, what are they?
  3. What is Trade Union? Is registration of a Trade Union compulsory under Trade Union Act, 1926? Mention the advantages of a Registered Trade Union.

[321]

  1. What is meant by "Rule against double possibilities"?
  2. Define Easement and point out whether an easement right can be transferred separately.
  3. During the pendency of a suit in a Court no transfer of property can be made. Critically discuss the doctrine of "Lis pendens" as mentioned in Section 52 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882 and also point out its exceptions.

[322]

  1. Write a short note on Development of Administrative Tribunal.
  2. What do you understand by Principle of Natural Justice? Explain.
  3. Discuss the nature and scope of Administrative Tribunal.

[323]

  1. What are the consequences of illegal strike?
  2. Explain Industry within the meaning of Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. Describe whether a Hospital is an industry with the help of decided cases.
  3. Explain Retrenchment. Does Termination of Service amount to Retrenchment? When does it become necessary to take prior permission of government for Retrenchment?

[324]

  1. What do you understand by Principle of Natural Justice? Explain.
  2. Explain the liability of state for breach of contract.
  3. Write short notes on the following: (i) Public Interest Litigation (ii) Nobody can be a judge in his own case.

[325]

  1. What do you mean by Extradition?
  2. What do you mean by Declaratory Theory of Recognition?
  3. How far is it correct to call 'Grotius as the Father of International Law'? Discuss the view of Grotius about International Law.

[326]

  1. What is the function of scrutiny committees?
  2. What is the effect of a valid contract?
  3. Against whom can natural justice be enforced?

[327]

  1. Discuss the rights of an unpaid seller.
  2. Define the term Bailment. Discuss the rights of a Bailor.
  3. Define Pledge. Discuss the rights of Pawnee.

[328]

  1. Explain the duties of an Advocate towards society.
  2. What do you understand by Bar and Bench?
  3. Explain the Seven Lamps of Advocacy.

[329]

  1. Differentiate between Ijma and Qiyas.
  2. When can a Muslim remarry with his divorced wife?
  3. What do you understand by Will? Discuss the essential ingredients of a valid will.

[330]

  1. Write short notes on Restitution of Conjugal Rights.
  2. What are the various sources of Hindu Law? Discuss their relative importance.
  3. Discuss the general rule of succession in the case of property of a male Hindu dying intestate according to the Hindu Succession Act, 1956.

[331]

  1. Write short notes on Coparcenary.
  2. What are the conditions for a valid Hindu Marriage? What is the difference between void and voidable marriages under Hindu Law?
  3. Discuss about the Natural Guardian and Testamentary Guardian of a Hindu minor and their powers with reference to the Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, 1956.

[332]

  1. What is the first Geetinayta in Hindi?
  2. Which creation received Hindi's first Jnanpith Award?
  3. Who is not a member of Chhayavad's 'Vrihattrayi'?

[333]

  1. Who authored the poem 'Kashmir Sushma'?
  2. Which poet wrote the line 'Drut Jharon Jagat Ke Jeern Patra'?
  3. What is the aim of the story 'Pachhis Choka Dedh Sau'?

[334]

  1. What do you understand by Office Hindi? Highlight its objectives.
  2. Define Prayojanmulak Hindi and discuss its structure and importance.
  3. Explain the meaning and structure of documentation and define the method of documentation.

[335]

  1. : ' , , '
  2. : ' , , - , '

[336]

  1. By mixing blue in yellow colour which colour is obtained?
  2. Construct a geometrical design of a hexagon of sides 6 cm based on triangles, squares, and lines
  3. Draw a memory drawing of any one: cup and plate, pitcher, bucket and mug, open book

[337]

  1. How many centimetres are there in a metre?
  2. What is the shape of a circle?
  3. What are technical drawing instructions?

[338]

  1. What is the opposite colour of yellow?
  2. How many colours are there in a rainbow?
  3. What is the sum of the angles of a triangle?

[339]

  1. What is a pointer in 'C'?
  2. How do you define a multi-dimensional array in 'C'?
  3. How many types of functions are there in 'C'? Explain each type with suitable examples.

[340]

  1. Which is the warm colour?
  2. Which kind of colour is applied without using a brush?
  3. If in a circle one angle is 120 degrees, what is the degree of the other angle?

[341]

  1. What is the main basis of Indian Foreign Policy?
  2. Which is the institution that protects Fundamental Rights in India?
  3. What can be the maximum number of members of the Rajya Sabha?

[342]

  1. What do you mean by Emergency Power of the President of India?
  2. Discuss the powers and functions of the Prime Minister of India.
  3. Discuss the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of India.

[343]

  1. Study and describe about the given permanent slide (T.S. of Gastrula of Frog or T.S. of Blastula of Rabbit) with the help of a diagram.
  2. Describe xerophytic adaptation of the given museum specimen (Rattle snake or Desert lizard).
  3. Study and comment on the circulatory system of Frog or nervous system of Cockroach.

[344]

  1. How is Non-Alignment different from Neutrality?
  2. What is meant by American hegemony?
  3. What is cold war? How did it originate?

[345]

  1. Write the definitions of Aroha and Avaroha.
  2. Write down the introduction of Raag Desh.
  3. Write in detail about Dhruvapad.

[346]

  1. Who wrote 'Ideas That Have Helped Mankind'?
  2. What was more important than the domestication of animals?
  3. Where does the lady lie?

[347]

  1. Where have the cave inscriptions of Mauryan period been found?
  2. When did Shaka Samvat start?
  3. Write two features of Ashoka's inscriptions.

[348]

  1. What do you mean by birth rate?
  2. What do you mean by secondary economic activity?
  3. What do you mean by occupational structure? Explain.

[349]

  1. According to 2011 Census, which state has the lowest population in India?
  2. Which are the components of population growth?
  3. Which age group is called the youth population?

[350]

  1. State any two reasons of rural-urban migration.
  2. Name any two sources of irrigation.
  3. Mention the suitable geographical factors for the production of rice.

[351]

  1. Write a critical appreciation of 'Bharat is My Home'.
  2. What is the business of education?
  3. What pledge did Dr. Zakir Hussain make?

[352]

  1. Differentiate between mRNA and tRNA.
  2. What are vestigial organs? Give two examples.
  3. What do you understand by phenotype and genotype? Give an example of each.

[353]

  1. Where does internal fertilization occur in plants?
  2. Write five differences between self-pollination and cross-pollination.
  3. What is ovule? Discuss its structure.

[354]

  1. What do you mean by Parliament?
  2. What were the reasons for the dominance of Congress in Indian politics?
  3. What are the different methods of maintaining peace in the world?

[355]

  1. Describe three ways to fight stress.
  2. Explain how noise affects human beings.
  3. What do you understand by Environmental Pollution? Explain.

[356]

  1. What was the difference between Anuloma and Pratiloma marriages?
  2. Name two dramas written by Kalidasa.
  3. Discuss the development of science and technology in the Harappan Civilization.

[357]

  1. What contribution did Aryabhatta make in the field of science?
  2. Mention the observations of Fa-Hien about Chandragupta II's reign.
  3. Explain the power and position of the king during the Gupta period.

[358]

  1. Write down Jhaptaal or Tritaal in Thah and Dugun.
  2. Write the life sketch of Swami Haridas.
  3. Compare the following: Swara-Shruti and Swara-Laya.

[359]

  1. Write an essay on any one of the following: 'A Picnic Party,' 'Climate Change,' 'Elections,' 'India of my Dreams.'
  2. Write a critical appreciation of any one of the following: 'I Have a Dream,' 'To Autumn,' 'An Epitaph.'
  3. Answer any two questions: 'Did language play a role in human development?' 'What are the trials and tribulations Martin Luther King, Jr., talks about?' 'What is the distinguishing characteristic of modern civilization?' 'What does Walt Whitman mean by Nature without check with original energy?' 'What, according to John Donne, makes a man's power feeble?'

[360]

  1. Differentiate between Determinism and Possibilism.
  2. What do you mean by human development?
  3. Discuss the geographical factors influencing the distribution of population in the world.

[361]

  1. , , , , :

[362]

  1. Provide an overview of Hindi's development before the 19th century.
  2. Write an essay on any one of the following topics: (a) My favorite poet (b) Students and Politics (c) The Spring Season (d) Science: A Boon or Curse.
  3. Write a letter to the Education Minister through a local newspaper highlighting examination irregularities.

[363]

  1. Write a brief introduction to the general characteristics of Bhakti Era or a poetic description of Dinkar or Nagarjuna.
  2. Answer the following short questions: (a) What happens when a man adopts the traits of a woman? (b) Why should students participate in politics? (c) What were Gandhiji's educational ideals? (d) Why is writing a diary difficult? (e) What feeling is hidden in calling a son a cub? (f) What is the poet's meaning behind "common people's face is one"?
  3. Draft a brief letter: (a) Application for assistance from the Principal for poor students' fund. (b) Letter to Education Minister highlighting examination irregularities via a local newspaper.

[364]

  1. Write the summary of the story 'Usne Kaha Tha' or discuss the essay 'Prageet aur Samaj' by Namvar Singh.
  2. Explain the essence of the poem 'Putra-Viyog' or provide an interpretation of the poem 'Usha'.
  3. What is Tulsi's hunger for?

[365]

  1. Provide the summary of the story 'Peshgi' or 'Haar-Jeeet'.
  2. Which places share similar sunlight?
  3. Summarize the passage about 'Shishtachar'.

[366]

  1. Match correct pairs related to authors and works.
  2. Write an essay on one of the topics: Election process, Mobile phones, Terrorism, Pollution.
  3. Give an overview of trends in the Ritikal period or highlight Jai Singh's poetic artistry.

[367]

  1. Provide a brief introduction to the division of Hindi literature periods or discuss the general trends of Ritikal or provide a poetic introduction of Sur or Vidyapati.
  2. Summarize the passage on the joys of life achieved through labor.
  3. Answer the following short questions: What is a lyric? What is a diary? Describe the morning sky. What is the magic of dawn? Explain the difference between sandhi and samas. Define adjective with examples.

[368]

  1. Provide a brief introduction to the division of Hindi literature periods or discuss the general trends of Ritikal or provide a poetic introduction of Sur or Vidyapati.
  2. Explain the given text excerpts with context.
  3. Explain the meaning of 'Adhinayak' poem or provide an interpretation of 'Haar-Jeet' poem.

[369]

  1. , , , , , - , -
  2. , - , , , -

[370]

  1. What is the importance of pronunciation teaching in Hindi?
  2. When should silent reading be practiced in Hindi teaching?
  3. Explain the utility of homework in Hindi teaching.

[371]

  1. Clarify relation of Sanskrit with Hindi.
  2. Explain importance of Sanskrit in School Curriculum.
  3. Describe the methods of Teaching Poetry.

[372]

  1. Explain the utility of punctuation and semi-colon in Hindi teaching.
  2. Throw light on silent reading in Hindi teaching.
  3. Describe the nature and modification of homework in Hindi teaching.

[373]

  1. What are the key points to be considered in evaluating Hindi textbooks?
  2. Discuss the utility and significance of Hindi as a mother tongue and national language.
  3. How would you assess the achievements of Hindi students? Support your answer with examples.

[374]

  1. Clarify relation of Sanskrit with Hindi literature.
  2. Describe importance of Sanskrit in School curriculum.
  3. Describe explanation word-meaning method of teaching prose in Sanskrit teaching.

[375]

  1. Write down the different stages of Piaget's theory of Cognitive Development.
  2. Describe in brief the socio-cultural factors influencing cognition.
  3. Explain the process of thinking and give an account of the methods of developing children's thinking.

[376]

  1. Throw light upon the role of cognition in learning.
  2. Describe different types of imagination.
  3. What are instructional objectives? Discuss Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives.

[377]

  1. What are the characteristics of social development?
  2. Describe developmental characteristics of childhood.
  3. Describe in detail the characteristics of physical and language development in childhood.

[378]

  1. What do you mean by adolescent psychology? Discuss their problems and solutions.
  2. What kind of environment should schools provide for the physical development of children?
  3. Describe steps for equality in educational opportunity at primary and secondary levels and mention constitutional provisions.

[379]

  1. Explain the meaning of Upnayan Sanskar.
  2. Describe the main characteristics of the Vedic system of education.
  3. Discuss the defects of education in India during the Vedic age and how modern education has addressed them.

[380]

  1. Discuss the types of scale of assessment with suitable example.
  2. Write a short note on Binnet test of intelligence.
  3. Describe the rating scale in detail.

[381]

  1. What are the steps of the evaluation process?
  2. What suggestions were given to improve the National Focus Group Examination system?
  3. What is an achievement test? Which steps are followed in its construction?

[382]

  1. What are the main stages of development?
  2. Describe the role of family in mental development of a child.
  3. Provide suggestions for preventing terrorism.

[383]

  1. State educational uses of statistics.
  2. What is IQ? How is it measured?
  3. What are the qualities of a test?

[384]

  1. What do you mean by 'Empowerment of Woman'?
  2. Discuss the educational views of J. Krishnamurti.
  3. Write a short note on Tagore's curriculum.

[385]

  1. What are the different stages of development?
  2. Explain the meaning of Adolescent Psychology.
  3. What are the different agencies affecting the development of child?

[386]

  1. Differentiate between growth and development.
  2. What is the concept of thinking?
  3. What is aptitude? Differentiate between interest and aptitude.

[387]

  1. What is the difference in under-absorption and over-absorption of overheads?
  2. Tabulate the elements of cost showing the usual items of expending pertaining to each.
  3. Explain the various techniques of stores control.

[388]

  1. What is Debenture? What are its kinds?
  2. What do you understand by Articles of Association? Is it compulsory for every Company to have its own articles? State how articles can be altered.
  3. What is the difference between transfer and transmission of Shares? Under what circumstances and how can a company transfer its shares?

[389]

  1. What are the objectives of communication?
  2. Write the characteristics of Audience.
  3. What do you understand by modern forms of communication? Explain in detail.

[390]

  1. How is the amount of goodwill determined for a consolidated balance sheet?
  2. What do you understand by underwriting, sub-underwriting, and firm underwriting? What is the maximum commission legally allowed?
  3. Find out the value of shares of M Ltd. and N Ltd. using the asset valuation method considering the valuation of fixed assets and goodwill.

[391]

  1. List the items not to be included in Cost Accounting.
  2. Discuss various methods of inventory control.
  3. What is Cost Accounting? Explain its objectives and advantages.

[392]

  1. What are the provisions about remuneration of directors?
  2. State the rights of official liquidator.
  3. What is meant by a meeting? Of how many types are company meetings?

[393]

  1. What are the principles of decentralisation?
  2. Discuss the factors determining organisation structure.
  3. Discuss the need and importance of organisation.

[394]

  1. What is meant by Oligopoly? Give its two examples.
  2. Explain the characteristics and scope of Business Economics.
  3. When is Price Discrimination possible in Monopoly? Is Price Discrimination justified?

[395]

  1. Why is Branch Debtors Account prepared?
  2. Find out the amount due to Unsecured Creditors and Preferential Creditors based on given data according to Provincial Insolvency Act and Presidency Towns Insolvency Act.
  3. Prepare Landlord, Royalties and Shortworkings Accounts using given data.

[396]

  1. What do you understand by conference? Discuss its objectives?
  2. What do you mean by Business Communication? Explain its nature and importance?
  3. What is Downward Communication, Upward Communication and Horizontal Communication? Explain their advantages and disadvantages?

[397]

  1. What is meant by Line of Poverty?
  2. What is Mixed economy? Explain.
  3. Explain the main characteristics of Business Environment.

[398]

  1. What do you mean by Co-operation?
  2. Define Money and discuss its primary functions.
  3. Give the meaning of Finance and discuss its role in an economy.

[399]

  1. Explain the types of product.
  2. Explain the types of Brand.
  3. Explain the various types of transportation.

[400]

  1. What is the main difference between materials and labour hour controls?
  2. Why do you need reconciliation of cost and financial accounts? Explain.
  3. Prepare process accounts and determine the cost per unit in each process.

[401]

  1. What is meant by Certified Work?
  2. Why do you need reconciliation of cost and financial accounts? Explain.
  3. Discuss the terms Costing, Cost Accounting and Cost Accountancy. What are the functions of Cost Accounting?

[402]

  1. State the various agreements that are expressly declared void.
  2. Discuss the rights and duties of a bailee.
  3. Explain the doctrine of Caveat Emptor and state its exceptions.

[403]

  1. What are the sources of buy back of shares?
  2. Give a specimen from Profit and Loss account of a company according to the Companies Act.
  3. Mention various provisions of the Companies Act for preparation of Balance Sheet.

[404]

  1. What is the Green House effect?
  2. What are the advantages of drying?
  3. Enlist the different components of drip irrigation system.

[405]

  1. Write in brief about Sericulture.
  2. Write about enemies of honeybee.
  3. Explain the life history of lac insect.

[406]

  1. Define the term Transpiration and write in detail about the factors affecting transpiration.
  2. Write in detail about the method of preparation of jelly and the major problems in jelly making.
  3. Define the term Irradiation and explain its role in inhibiting sprouting in fruits and vegetables along with factors affecting the inhibition process.

[407]

  1. Write the full form of G.I.S.
  2. Write a short note on Bio-herbicides.
  3. Describe the future prospects of precision farming in India.

[408]

  1. Comment on Edge and hedge.
  2. Write botanical name, family and flower colour of any five ornamental flowering trees.
  3. Write notes on Landscaping of School, Terrace garden, Bio-aesthetic planning, Summer season annuals, and Ferns.

[409]

  1. Write common and botanical name of tree giving fodder, edible pods, resin and oil, seeds.
  2. Define block plantation, canopy protected forest and reserve forest.
  3. Calculate the total volume of timber from a mango tree with a diameter of 45 cm at ground level and 25 cm at the upper end, given a height of 35 metres.

[410]

  1. What is the full name of GATT?
  2. What is the full name of WTO?
  3. Write short notes on Novelty and Uniformity.

[411]

  1. Define food safety with its importance.
  2. Describe the Hazard and Risk with their classification.
  3. What is the role of food in human life?

[412]

  1. Define Ecosystem and describe its Biotic and Abiotic components.
  2. Describe the causes and effects of Global Warming.
  3. What is Green House Effect? Discuss it in detail.

[413]

  1. Write the botanical description and economic importance of pea.
  2. Differentiate between horizontal and vertical resistance.
  3. Describe the pedigree breeding method with botanical name, family, center of origin, and achievement in mustard.

[414]

  1. What is quality seed in vegetables? Discuss the various steps involved in quality seed production of okra (Bhindi).
  2. What is cytoplasmic-genetic male sterility?
  3. Write the scientific method of seed production of mustard in detail.

[415]

  1. Differentiate between news story and magazine story.
  2. Define journalist and write the different rules followed by journalist.
  3. Write the meaning, functions and different types of newspapers.

[416]

  1. Write different types of agro-based industries.
  2. What do you mean by agri-business? Write definition, stakeholders, and distinct features of agri-business management.
  3. Write short notes on the following: (i) 4 Ps of marketing, (ii) Agro-based industries.

[417]

  1. For thin layer drying, what is the thickness of the grain bed?
  2. Explain ventilation in green house.
  3. Explain grain drying theory and the importance of grain drying.

[418]

  1. What do you mean by Roguing?
  2. Describe the standards of seed certification.
  3. Explain the method of Hybrid seed production in maize.

[419]

  1. Explain the aim of organic farming in view of the perception that 'tomorrow's ecology is more important than today's economy'.
  2. Describe various organic nutrient resources in brief.
  3. Explain the concept of organic farming.

[420]

  1. Define the term Drying and dehydration and write in details about the process of drying and factors affecting the rate of drying.
  2. Write in details about physiological changes during storage.
  3. What is the purpose and principle of storage? Write in details about controlled atmospheric storage.

[421]

  1. What are the different diseases of honey bee?
  2. Describe the importance of lac industry.
  3. Explain the types of silk worm and the life history of mulberry silk worm.

[422]

  1. Define Lawn and write a short note on leveling of Lawn.
  2. Write importance and scope of landscape gardening in India.
  3. Describe in detail the process of making and maintaining a lawn.

[423]

  1. Explain wind breaks and shelter belts.
  2. Write the objectives and importance of Agro forestry.
  3. Calculate the basal area of a tree with given elliptical cross-section measurements.

[424]

  1. What is the full form of HACCP?
  2. What is the full form of TQM?
  3. What do you mean by food adulteration? Write its effect on human health.

[425]

  1. Describe the centre of origin and evolution of wheat.
  2. Describe the evolution of Amphidiploid Brassica species.
  3. What do you mean by plant genetic resource? Describe its role in crop improvement.

[426]

  1. Write the full name of IPR and write the meaning in Hindi.
  2. Write short notes on Farmer Right.
  3. Define Intellectual Property Rights and describe the Plant Breeders Right.

[427]

  1. List the parts of magazines.
  2. What are the characteristics of a newspaper?
  3. Set forth the concept of journalism and differentiate between agricultural journalism and other types of journalism.

[428]

  1. How would you produce inbred line from haploid cell?
  2. Describe seed production process of Tomato.
  3. What do you mean by genetic purity of seeds? Describe grow-out test.

[429]

  1. Name the sources of Agricultural finance in India and indicate the relative importance of each source.
  2. Write down the problems faced by farmers in the marketing of farm produce.
  3. What do you understand by price spread? How is its study useful to farmers?

[430]

  1. Write in brief about DATA.
  2. Write in brief about Feed back Form.
  3. What are the limitations of agricultural models?

[431]

  1. Define the term Terrace gardening.
  2. Define edge plant. Write in detail about edge plants.
  3. Write in detail about production technology of Gladiolus.

[432]

  1. Write components of Watershed management.
  2. Discuss the problems and prospects of rainfed agriculture in brief.
  3. Enlist climatic conditions prevalent in rainfed areas and discuss any one in detail.

[433]

  1. Write the insecticidal properties of Neem.
  2. Write in detail the different precautions to be taken while handling pesticides.
  3. Describe the general principles of plant disease management.

[434]

  1. Describe different egg-producing breeds of hen.
  2. Describe the formation and structure of fowl egg.
  3. Write the composition of an egg.

[435]

  1. Provide the scientific name of rice weevil.
  2. Write the life history and nature of damage of gram pod borer.
  3. Explain the nature of damage and suitable management of white grub.

[436]

  1. Comment on Murashige and Skoog.
  2. Comment on Forceps, needle, and test tube.
  3. Write short notes on Growth chamber, Clone, Asepsis, Autoclave, Haploid breeding.

[437]

  1. What is GPS? Write its advantages and disadvantages.
  2. Explain the concept of STCR approach.
  3. Write a short note on use of nanotechnology in irrigation water.

[438]

  1. Define agricultural production economics and also discuss its objectives and scope.
  2. What do you mean by factor-factor relationship? Discuss with the help of a suitable example and diagram.
  3. What is Farm Budgeting? Discuss partial budgeting with various properties.

[439]

  1. Describe various types of indigenous farming system models for different agro-climatic zones.
  2. Explain High External Input Agriculture (HEIA) along with its advantages and disadvantages.
  3. What are the different components of farming system? How are mixed cropping and farming system differentiated?

[440]

  1. Define administration and explain the scope of administration.
  2. What is supply chain management? Explain its importance.
  3. Write notes on Agripreneurship, Drone entrepreneur, and Manager.

[441]

  1. Define Primary centre of origin.
  2. Describe Hardy-Weinberg Law and mention its importance in cross-pollinated crops.
  3. Write centre of origin and distribution of Maize and Okra.

[442]

  1. What do you mean by Agrochemicals and describe their importance.
  2. What are fungicides and write the name of fungicides used in Agriculture.
  3. What are Nitrogenous fertilizers? Discuss the slow-release N-fertilizers especially.

[443]

  1. What are the applications of wind energy?
  2. What are the different renewable and non-renewable energy sources? Discuss their advantages and disadvantages.
  3. Enlist the solar energy gadgets. Explain in detail with a diagram about any one of them.

[444]

  1. Fill in the blanks: Write the family of Asparagus.
  2. Write in detail about the importance of ornamental crops in Indian economy.
  3. Write in brief principles of landscaping.

[445]

  1. What do you mean by acid soil? How are they formed?
  2. What is a pH scale? Describe the method of determination of pH in problem soils.
  3. Write a scientific essay on sand dunes stabilization and management in arid and semi-arid areas.

[446]

  1. Describe formation and structure of the egg.
  2. Give detailed classification of fowl.
  3. What are the different system of poultry housing? Describe deep litter system of poultry.

[447]

  1. Describe the meaning and scope of Agro-Meteorology.
  2. What do you mean by Earth's atmosphere? List its components and describe its vertical layers.
  3. Write short notes on Microclimate Modification, Artificial Rain-making, Energy Balance of Earth, Temperature Inversion, and Causes of Climate Change.

[448]

  1. Which average is determined by Histogram?
  2. The mean and coefficient of variation of the distribution are 10 and 5 respectively. What will be the standard deviation of the distribution?
  3. Define Mean Deviation. Find the value of Mean Deviation by Median from the given data.

[449]

  1. Differentiate between Garden pea and field pea.
  2. Give the classification of RapeSeed and Mustard grown in India.
  3. Why is Lucerne crop considered more nutritive than other fodder crops?

[450]

  1. Describe the SWOT analysis. Explain the concept and advantages of SWOT.
  2. Write the types of entrepreneurs and explain the factors responsible for entrepreneurship.
  3. Define evaluation and write the steps of evaluation in detail.

[451]

  1. Write the full form of Computer in Hindi and English.
  2. Explain in brief Kisan Suvidha app.
  3. What is ICT in Agriculture? Write its application and advantage.

[452]

  1. Differentiate between service sample and official sample.
  2. Describe the inspection timings for seed crop.
  3. What is the purpose of seed certification? Give an account of seed certification organizations and their functions.

[453]

  1. Describe Khaira disease of paddy.
  2. Mention the botanical name and place of origin of Soybean.
  3. Describe the cultivation of Groundnut under the following heads: Seed and sowing, Water management, Weed control and Earthing.

[454]

  1. Write the major contributions of the following: C.T. Patel, W.L. Johannsen, G.H. Shull, N.E. Borlaug, C.A. Barber.
  2. Solve the following: Calculate homozygosity in F5 population of the cross AAbbcc and aaBBCC; How many double crosses are possible from 12 inbreds?
  3. Define recurrent selection and describe the procedure of recurrent selection for specific combining ability.

[455]

  1. Describe various types of communication.
  2. Describe the process of listening.
  3. What are individual and group presentations? Describe various types of presentations in Extension Education.

[456]

  1. Define Cooperation and describe its relevance in Indian agriculture.
  2. Discuss the Lead Bank Scheme.
  3. Describe the principles of 3-Cs and 3-Rs in credit analysis.

[457]

  1. Write in brief about EC.
  2. Write a short note on Insecticide Act, 1968.
  3. Write the names of Exopterygota orders with examples.

[458]

  1. Explain the transmission and management of sterility mosaic disease of pigeonpea.
  2. Describe the symptoms and management of rust disease of coffee.
  3. Describe the symptoms, etiology, disease cycle and management of bacterial blight disease of Paddy.

[459]

  1. Describe the steps of preparation for an international seminar.
  2. Define note-taking. Describe the boxing method of note-taking.
  3. Write the various types of seminar and explain the benefits of seminar.

[460]

  1. Define specific gravity of cow milk.
  2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of homogenization of milk?
  3. What is cream separation? Describe the methods of cream separation.

[461]

  1. Write the full form of NABARD.
  2. What do you mean by Agricultural Finance or Credit? Explain the classification of Agricultural Finance or credit.
  3. Describe the main principles of cooperation. How has cooperation contributed to the development of Indian agriculture?

[462]

  1. Write details about papain production technology in Papaya.
  2. Write details about cultivation of Litchi.
  3. Provide the following information in tabular form for Aonla, Ber, Peach, Pear, and Litchi: Botanical name and chromosome number, Family, Edible portion, Important variety, Commercial method of propagation.

[463]

  1. Write short notes on Binomial Nomenclature system.
  2. Write short notes on flora and e-flora.
  3. What are formal and informal gardens? Write the characteristic features of both.

[464]

  1. Write the names of two animal diseases caused by bacteria.
  2. Differentiate between roughages and concentrates.
  3. Classify the Indian and exotic breeds of goats.

[465]

  1. Explain the vision of your life.
  2. Define Goal and explain its importance.
  3. What do you mean by Awareness? Explain the principles of awareness.

[466]

  1. Indicate the utility of an Anemometer.
  2. What is Atmospheric Temperature? Describe the factors affecting Atmospheric Temperature in brief.
  3. Define Agrometeorology. What is the role and scope of Agrometeorology in Indian Agriculture production? Describe in detail.

[467]

  1. What is soil formation? Describe various factors of soil formation.
  2. Give the classification of soil colloid.
  3. What is humus and how is it formed?

[468]

  1. Concept of plant ideotypes is given by.
  2. Removal of hard pans increases the soil depth for.
  3. In crop rotation, component crops are so chosen so that soil health is not affected.

[469]

  1. Describe 'Piercing and sucking type' mouthparts with a well-labeled diagram.
  2. Describe the digestive system of a grasshopper with a clean, well-labeled diagram.
  3. Describe wing coupling apparatus with a diagram in insects.

[470]

  1. Write the full name of A.B.A.
  2. Define Respiratory Quotient and describe its kinds.
  3. Describe the floral structure, floral diagram, and floral formula of the Leguminosae family (Sub-family: Papilionaceae).

[471]

  1. What is the function of a piston?
  2. What is the difference between a planter and a seed drill?
  3. What are the different cooling methods of an internal combustion engine? Prepare a list of their advantages and disadvantages.

[472]

  1. Describe the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility with an example.
  2. Explain the concept of Indifference Curve.
  3. Explain the equilibrium of the firm under Perfect Competition.

[473]

  1. What is Time of Concentration?
  2. List parts of a Dumpy level.
  3. Write short notes on types of crops based on soil conservation value.

[474]

  1. Write down the different physiological disorders and their control in Tomato.
  2. Discuss in detail the cultivation and classification of dahlia.
  3. Write short notes on the following: Water soluble Vitamins, Hardening of Seedlings, INM in Vegetable production, Solarization of Soil, Shield Budding.

[475]

  1. Explain the Morphology of a Retrovirus.
  2. Write short notes on Bio-indicators.
  3. Write short notes on Pesticides.

[476]

  1. What is the industrial use of genetic engineering?
  2. Describe mean, median, and mode with suitable examples.
  3. Give an account of methods of production of vaccines and mention names of vaccines for some diseases.

[477]

  1. Describe the life-cycle of Wuchereria.
  2. Describe the social nature of Honey Bee.
  3. Write an essay on life cycle, pathogenecity, and control of Trypanosoma Gambiense.

[478]

  1. Describe the mechanism of Protein synthesis.
  2. Write an account on cyclic A.M.P.
  3. What do you mean by secondary messengers? Discuss their role in Signal Transduction.

[479]

  1. What are the symptoms and causal organism of yellow vein mosaic of Bhindi?
  2. Write three characteristics of population.
  3. What is Phytogeography? Describe the botanical regions of India.

[480]

  1. Discuss environmental pollution and its control.
  2. Write an essay on bird migration.
  3. Write a note on bacterial diseases.

[481]

  1. Explain the concept of DNA recombinant technology.
  2. Define mean deviation and compute it for the given data: 20, 33, 50, 53, 68, 41, 60, 45, 38.
  3. Explain the principle and function of electrophoresis.

[482]

  1. Give an account of life history of Bombyx mori. Which life stage of this animal provides silk?
  2. What are the main features of Wildlife Protection Act 1972 of India?
  3. Pathogenecity and clinical features of Wuchereria bancrofti. Also describe preventive measures.

[483]

  1. Write down the traditional method for preparation of sweet/sour dahi.
  2. Give flow diagram for making butter.
  3. Define Ice Cream according to PFA and give its chemical composition.

[484]

  1. Which type of sugar is found in milk?
  2. Write the causes of over-run in butter.
  3. Find out the amount of buffalo milk and separated milk required to obtain a specified volume of standardized milk.

[485]

  1. Give the systemic position of Phytophthora.
  2. Differentiate between Fungi and Bacteria.
  3. Differentiate between Mycoplasma and Virus.

[486]

  1. Give the importance of demonstrations in agriculture.
  2. Describe the possibility for successful cultivation of smaller millets in Puranchal condition of U.P.
  3. Describe the improved cultivation of scented rice in Eastern U.P.

[487]

  1. What are Yield Contributing Characters?
  2. Describe various growth stages of wheat with their significance in crop production.
  3. Describe the weed management of wheat.

[488]

  1. Give the systemic position of Rhizopus.
  2. Give the systemic position of Xiphinema.
  3. Give the life cycle of Puccinia graminis tritici.

[489]

  1. Write the specific gravity of cow and buffalo's milk.
  2. Write about specific gravity of milk.
  3. Give flow diagram for making butter.

[490]

  1. What is a Research farm?
  2. Explain in detail the advantages of farm fencing.
  3. Differentiate between Cotton fibre and Jute fibre.

[491]

  1. Write the role of microbes in dahi making.
  2. Write a short note on 'Cream ripening'.
  3. Write a short note on 'Salting of butter'.

[492]

  1. Write two names of stabilizers used in ice cream.
  2. Which instrument is used to determine the freezing point of milk?
  3. What do you mean by standardization of milk? Discuss its objective.

[493]

  1. Describe asexual fruiting bodies in fungi.
  2. Describe the life cycle of Melampsora fungi.
  3. Describe the life cycle of Rhizopus.

[494]

  1. Describe the characteristic features of Cephalochordata.
  2. What are the characteristic features of Class Aves? Explain with a typical example.
  3. Classify Reptilia up to order with salient features and examples.

[495]

  1. Write short notes on Artificial and Natural systems of classification.
  2. What do you understand by the phylogenetic system of classification? Give an outline of the classification proposed by Hutchinson.
  3. Write short notes on Tapetum wall and its role.

[496]

  1. Define crop rotation and write its principles.
  2. Describe the principle of fertilizer application in relation to dose, source, time, and method of application.
  3. Discuss harmful effects of water logging on crop and soils.

[497]

  1. Define phytohormones. Give their importance in agriculture.
  2. Draw a labeled diagram of T.S. of sunflower stem. Description is not required.
  3. What is respiration? Describe aerobic respiration in plants.

[498]

  1. Draw a neat and clean diagram of reproductive organs of Cow and write its name.
  2. What do you mean by Law of Independent assortment?
  3. Write the Characteristics of a good pasture and kinds of Pasture Land. Discuss the good management of Pasture Land.

[499]

  1. Differentiate between Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria.
  2. Write a brief comment on the Nitrogen cycle.
  3. Describe different methods of Genetic recombination in bacteria.

[500]

  1. Describe briefly the characteristic features of Rhodophyceae.
  2. Describe the life cycle of Oedogonium with the help of suitable diagrams.
  3. Describe the alternation of generation in Vaucheria.

[501]

  1. Who propounded the Plate Tectonic Theory?
  2. Which rocks are found in greater quantity on the Earth's surface?
  3. Which landforms are made due to Glacier deposition?

[502]

  1. The major source of calcium is:
  2. When was the mid-day meal program implemented?
  3. Which type of diseases of smallpox:

[503]

  1. Which of the following is not a feature of community?
  2. Who defined the concept of positivism?
  3. Who stated sociology is both an intellectual discipline and a profession?

[504]

  1. Nutrients mainly can be divided into these many groups.
  2. What is the best way to store energy?
  3. Number of food preservation methods is four.

[505]

  1. ' , ' - ?
  2. ' ' ' ' ?

[506]

  1. What is earthquake? Describe its origin.
  2. What is the relation between air pressure and temperature? Describe the permanent wind system of the world.
  3. Define tide and investigate its origin.

[507]

  1. What does Intelligence Quotient (IQ) measure?
  2. Discuss the causes of Forgetting.
  3. Explain the Need Hierarchy theory of Maslow.

[508]

  1. State the qualifications for election as President.
  2. Describe the aims of the Indian National Congress.
  3. Describe the powers and functions of the President of India.

[509]

  1. State the functions of Heart.
  2. Briefly explain the parts of Digestive system.
  3. Explain the classification of vitamins.

[510]

  1. Thought of Sample on Man-Environment relationship.
  2. Clarify the concept of spatial organization in Geography.
  3. Describe the contribution of Greek Geographers.

[511]

  1. What is the meaning of environment?
  2. Explain the factors of water pollution.
  3. Discuss in detail the concepts, approaches, and methods of Environmental Management.

[512]

  1. Describe the population density of South West Asia.
  2. Describe the Drainage system of Iran.
  3. Describe the climate regions of South West Asia.

[513]

  1. Explain the climatic regions of Myanmar.
  2. Explain the relief features of Thailand.
  3. Give a geographical account of Indonesia.

[514]

  1. Heart Land Theory by Mackinder.
  2. Contribution of Blanche in Geography.
  3. Richthofen's contribution to Modern Geography.

[515]

  1. Describe the physical regions of Japan.
  2. Describe rice agriculture of China.
  3. Describe the industrial region of China.

[516]

  1. Describe soil pollution caused by farmers.
  2. Discuss various causes of global climatic changes.
  3. What is environmental perception? Discuss environmental perception at different levels.

[517]

  1. How many acts are there in the play 'Dhruvaswamini'?
  2. Who is the author of 'Sindur Ki Holi'?
  3. Explain the elements of the character of the protagonist of 'Aadhe Adhoore'.

[518]

  1. Provide the Hindi translation of the given prose passages with reference.
  2. Discuss the literary contributions of Mahakavi Banabhatta.
  3. Explain the plot of 'Shukanasopadesha'.

[519]

  1. Who was the great Hindi poet according to Acharya Ram Chandra Shukla
  2. Which is the first month of the Hindi calendar year
  3. Param Jeet Lal of India was associated with which game

[520]

  1. Define the term 'Office Hindi'.
  2. Name the five dialects of the Hindi region.
  3. Provide the Hindi spelling (with meanings) for the following English words: ability, calculation, faith, manifesto.

[521]

  1. Name the four prominent writers of the New Hindi Story movement.
  2. Differentiate between a traditional story and a New Hindi Story.
  3. Discuss Kamleshwar's contribution to the development of Hindi Story literature.

[522]

  1. Highlight the life and works of Nanddas.
  2. Analyze poet Dev's use of language.
  3. Validate the statement 'Bihari condensed an ocean into a pot in his poetry.'

[523]

  1. Highlight the epic qualities of 'Prithviraj Raso'.
  2. Validate the poetic excellence of Surdas in the themes of Vatsalya and Shringara.
  3. Prove Tulsidas's role as a syncretic devotee poet.

[524]

  1. Provide a brief overview of the evolution of Hindi short stories.
  2. Describe the characteristics of Nirmala's husband.
  3. Discuss the plight of women in the novel 'Nirmala'.

[525]

  1. Provide the Hindi translation of 'Swarg Loke Na Bhay Kinchanasti'.
  2. Translate the shlok starting with 'Yasyasti Tinam Se Nar Kulin' into Hindi.
  3. Translate the shlok starting with 'Buddhiman Neetiman Vagmo' into Hindi.

[526]

  1. Describe the role of co-curricular activities in Hindi language teaching.
  2. Explain the need and importance of remedial teaching in Hindi instruction.
  3. What is action research in the context of Hindi language teaching? Describe its need and utility.

[527]

  1. Describe the nature of the Hindi language.
  2. What are the challenges in teaching the Hindi language?
  3. What are the characteristics of good Hindi textbooks?

[528]

  1. Provide Hindi translation for the provided Sanskrit passage.
  2. Explain the meaning of the Sutra 'Antarantareayukte' with examples.
  3. Write an essay in Sanskrit on topics like 'Sanskrite Kinna Vartate?' or 'Ramya Ramayani Katha'.

[529]

  1. Translate the provided mantra into Hindi with its usage.
  2. Explain the nature of Dharma.
  3. Discuss the Arthavada as per the Mimamsa philosophy.

[530]

  1. Translate the given mantra into Hindi.
  2. Explain two of the provided Brahman sentences in Hindi.
  3. Discuss the antiquity of Rigveda and determine its composition period.

[531]

  1. Write the various names used for the Adi Kala period in Hindi literature and name the scholars who coined them.
  2. Discuss the tradition of Hindi literary historiography.
  3. Highlight the poetic traits of Agyeya.

[532]

  1. What do you mean by functional Hindi?
  2. Explain the main functions of office Hindi under its practical applications.
  3. What do you understand by functional Hindi? Discuss its types, utility, and importance.

[533]

  1. Critique Adya Prasad Mishra's portrayal of contemporary scenarios in his works.
  2. Prove with examples how Balbhadra Prasad Dixit 'Padhees' captured the essence of farmer's life.
  3. Discuss the subject matter of 'Yusuf-Zulekha'.

[534]

  1. Name two popular Hindi newspapers and their editors.
  2. Provide a well-thought-out essay on the origin and development of Hindi journalism.
  3. Explain your views on how 'communication and advertising' have significantly boosted consumerism.

[535]

  1. State the original name of Trilochan Shastri.
  2. Shed light on the poetic language of 'Yusuf Zulekha'.
  3. Describe the emotional and thematic characteristics of Balbhadra Prasad Dixit's poem 'Manai'.

[536]

  1. Provide a classified introduction to the Hindi alphabet.
  2. Write a balanced article on the vocabulary of Hindi.
  3. Write a brief history of the origin and development of the Hindi language.

[537]

  1. Evaluate Hindi story development with examples from 'Neeli Jheel'.
  2. On which writer is 'Aawara Masiha' based?
  3. What was Premchand's childhood name? Name any five of his novels.

[538]

  1. Who authored 'Hindi Kahani: Samiksha Evam Sandarbh'?
  2. What is the definition of 'Atmakatha'?
  3. Name any four writers known for diary entries.

[539]

  1. Who stated that Kabir's personality was unparalleled in a thousand years of Hindi literature history?
  2. Who said 'Hindi poets following the tradition of writing Lakhshan granth are merely poets'?
  3. Who called Tulsi the national poet of Hindi?

[540]

  1. Which playwright's work is included in the 'Sharadiya Natya Sangrah'?
  2. What is the definition of an essay according to a selected critic?
  3. What is the meaning of 'Devdaru'?

[541]

  1. Who first received the award in Hindi literature?
  2. What is the context of '-'?
  3. What is the significance of ' ?'?

[542]

  1. Which is considered a proper category under Ashram Vyavastha?
  2. When was the Untouchability Act passed?
  3. India's position in the world by geographical area?

[543]

  1. No. of bones present in the head are?
  2. Function of Nervous system are?
  3. Red blood cells are formed in?

[544]

  1. Which one of the following is not a possible cause of the emergence of Sociology?
  2. Who said 'Sociology is the science of social order and progress'?
  3. Who said 'Marriage is an institution for admitting men and women to family life'?

[545]

  1. Who was Pratap Rudra Dev?
  2. What was the capital of Alauddin Khalji?
  3. Which king of Medieval India started the Public Distribution System?

[546]

  1. When was 'Wealth of Nations' published?
  2. Which sailor was knighted by Elizabeth?
  3. When did the Puritan Revolution occur?

[547]

  1. Who considers 'Sex communism' as the cause of the origin of family?
  2. Which factor contributes to the status of Muslim women?
  3. Who first wrote about the concept of Jajmani system?

[548]

  1. Who was the founder of the Lodi Dynasty?
  2. Who was the first Sultan of Delhi to participate in the public festival of Holi?
  3. Which Sultan brought the Ashokan Pillar to Delhi?

[549]

  1. Which is the most saline sea/lake in the world?
  2. Which island divides the Agulhas Current?
  3. What is the direct effect of ozone depletion?

[550]

  1. Education is in the narrow sense of education.
  2. Values influence our behavior in what ways?
  3. What are indirect methods for imparting moral education?

[551]

  1. ' , , ' ?
  2. ' , ! ' ?

[552]

  1. ' , , ' ?
  2. ' , ! ' ?

[553]

  1. ' , , ' ?
  2. ' , ! ' ?

[554]

  1. Cyprimus Carpio fish control aquatic weeds.
  2. What is allelopathy? What is the role of allelopathy in agriculture?
  3. Write the various methods of weed control. Give a detailed account of mechanical methods of control of weeds.

[555]

  1. Describe the characteristics of wasteland.
  2. Describe the causes of land degradation.
  3. Describe the role of people's participation in planning watershed programme.

[556]

  1. Describe the management of Honey bee in Summer Season.
  2. What are the types of honey bees found in India?
  3. What are weed killer insects?

[557]

  1. Write the symptoms of gummosis disease of citrus.
  2. What is peach leaf curl?
  3. Discuss types of diseases in fruit plants and their treatment solutions.

[558]

  1. Explain the process of canning of fruits.
  2. Define preservation and describe the methods of preservation.
  3. Explain the canning techniques of fruits and vegetables and their merits.

[559]

  1. Describe short run production function.
  2. What are substitutes and complementary resources?
  3. What is production possibility curve?

[560]

  1. Explain losses of nitrogen from applied urea in soil.
  2. What is nitrogen fixation? Explain factors affecting symbiotic nitrogen fixation.
  3. Define green manuring. Write in detail about different methods of green manuring.

[561]

  1. Biofertilizers are mainly applied in the field for sustainability in agriculture.
  2. The ratio of total cropped area to net cultivated area multiplied by 100 is called crop rotation.
  3. Describe the importance of farming system in the Indian context.

[562]

  1. Write True/False for the following statements: Berseem is a forage crop.
  2. Describe the weed and nutrient management in wheat crop.
  3. Explain the production technology of potato.

[563]

  1. India has been classified into 10 climatic regions by the Planning Commission.
  2. What is Rainfed farming? Describe the need for rainfed farming in India.
  3. Discuss the appropriate agri-techniques for the development of rainfed areas.

[564]

  1. Name any five material handling equipment.
  2. With the help of figure describe the green house dryer.
  3. Write short notes on EMC and Application of PHT equipment.

[565]

  1. Describe Cercospora leaf spot briefly.
  2. Explain the management of Black root rot and Mosaic of Tobacco.
  3. Discuss external symptoms of Wilt of Coconut.

[566]

  1. Write about Geospatial Data Infrastructure (GDI).
  2. Explain fertilizer recommendations using geospatial technologies.
  3. What is Soil Test Crop Response (STCR)? Write its objectives. Explain STCR approach for precision agriculture.

[567]

  1. What is the plant-to-plant distance for Banana?
  2. What is the meaning of Stacking of plants?
  3. What is the seed rate of Papaya per acre?

[568]

  1. Describe the metabolism of Carbohydrates in Ruminant animals.
  2. Draw a neat and clean diagram of Ruminant digestive organs and describe them.
  3. Define Food Microorganisms. Describe their role in milk and milk products.

[569]

  1. Describe the nature of damage and distribution of green leaf hopper.
  2. How to control or manage microorganisms?
  3. Write the scientific names of any four insect pests found in sugarcane. Describe the life cycle and control measures of sugarcane top borer.

[570]

  1. Write the name of different IPRs.
  2. How does UPOV help in the protection of plant variety?
  3. Explain the significance of IPRs for a nation to its growth and development.

[571]

  1. What is the botanical name of Sorghum?
  2. What is the water requirement in Groundnut?
  3. Explain conventional and modern innovative approaches for the development of hybrids.

[572]

  1. What is a lab record?
  2. Differentiate between verbal and non-verbal communication.
  3. What is the importance of keeping a field diary? Discuss the diary content organized into two categories.

[573]

  1. Write about factors affecting Product life-cycle.
  2. Define Demand. Discuss the factors affecting the demand.
  3. Classify the market on the basis of region.

[574]

  1. What are the constraints in establishing Agro-based Industries?
  2. Describe the importance of Agro-based industries.
  3. Describe the characteristics of Product Life Cycle (PLC).

[575]

  1. What is multipurpose tree species? Describe their growing objectives.
  2. Write short notes on Geographical Information System (GIS).
  3. Define Quality of Irrigation water and describe criteria for evaluation of Irrigation water.

[576]

  1. Describe care and management of heifers.
  2. Write the origin, utility and characteristics of Bikaneri and Lohi sheep breeds.
  3. Write the origin, utility and characteristics of Murrah and Bhadawari buffalo breeds.

[577]

  1. Bio mass can be converted into biodiesel.
  2. The solar heater converts solar energy into thermal energy.
  3. Differentiate between renewable and non-renewable sources of energy.

[578]

  1. Discuss the foundation and certified seed production in Cereals.
  2. Discuss the foundation and certified seed production in Pulses.
  3. Discuss seed control order 1983 and some private and public sectors of seed marketing.

[579]

  1. Write short notes about Humidity.
  2. Write short notes about Solar radiation.
  3. Define temperature. Write down the impact of high temperature on agriculture.

[580]

  1. What are the Characteristics of an Entrepreneur?
  2. Discuss PM Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY).
  3. What are the major steps of Enterprise management? Explain them.

[581]

  1. Berseem is a forage crop.
  2. Describe the cultivation of Lentil.
  3. Describe the improved cultivation of Lucerne.

[582]

  1. Phalaris minor is an important weed of wheat.
  2. Describe the weed and irrigation management in wheat crop.
  3. Describe the sowing time and irrigation management of Lentil.

[583]

  1. Differentiate between cloning vector and expression vector.
  2. Write a short note on Karyotyping.
  3. What do you understand by humoral and cell-mediated immunity?

[584]

  1. Discuss the characteristics of computers.
  2. Describe the main functions of an operating system.
  3. What is Index Number? Discuss its methods and importance.

[585]

  1. Which factors affect the quality and quantity of milk?
  2. What is Colostrum? Write its advantages in brief.
  3. What do you mean by Refrigeration? Describe the importance and system of refrigeration.

[586]

  1. Explain the Histogram with an example.
  2. Define standard deviation with example.
  3. Explain the additive law of probability.

[587]

  1. Write short notes on Pest Risk Analysis.
  2. Write short notes on safety issues in pesticide use.
  3. Describe the history and national policy of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in India.

[588]

  1. Describe the irrigation and nutrient management in paddy crop.
  2. Discuss the cultivation of pearl millet.
  3. Explain the classification of cotton.

[589]

  1. List the types of wind erosion.
  2. What is strip cropping? Provide its classification.
  3. Explain the mechanism of wind erosion and basic concepts for its control.

[590]

  1. Describe the fuel supply system of a diesel engine with a diagram.
  2. What is an Internal Combustion Engine? Classify the different types of I.C. engines.
  3. Discuss the concept and benefits of Farm Mechanization. Suggest important points to promote Farm Mechanization in Eastern Uttar Pradesh.

[591]

  1. Define biofertilizer and discuss its significance in agricultural microbiology.
  2. Differentiate between Azolla and BGA.
  3. Describe the role of microbes in soil fertility and crop production.

[592]

  1. Corporation are the Institutional source of Agricultural credit.
  2. What is Co-operative Joint Farming?
  3. Define Co-operative farming. Describe the different forms and advantages of Co-operative farming.

[593]

  1. By what technique do firemen carry a person to a safe place?
  2. If a wound is bleeding, how can it be stopped?
  3. What injury is caused by being hit by two heavy objects?

[594]

  1. Explain the quality consideration in groundnut and cotton.
  2. Describe the scientific cultivation of Urdbean.
  3. Describe in detail the cultivation of jute.

[595]

  1. Explain the principle of a solar cell. Give its construction and characteristic curve.
  2. Explain the working of an N-channel FET. In what respect is it different from BJT?
  3. Draw the circuit diagram of an RC coupled CE-amplifier. Find its voltage gain in the middle range of frequencies.

[596]

  1. Discuss various adaptations in Bryophytes to survive on land.
  2. Discuss important modifications in stem with examples. Also mention the purpose of each modification.
  3. Briefly discuss various theories to explain the organization of Apical Meristem. Which theory is most acceptable?

[597]

  1. Clarify the concept of Possibilism.
  2. Write an essay on cultural regions.
  3. Explain the socio-economic conditions of 'NAGA' tribe.

[598]

  1. Who is Darwin and what were his contributions?
  2. Write short notes on Linkage and Crossing over.
  3. Give a detailed account of Evolution in Plants.

[599]

  1. What is the CPR procedure?
  2. What is the Malphigian capsule related to?
  3. What is the male sex gland called?

[600]

  1. The process of inhaling oxygen and exhaling CO2 is known as?
  2. Female reproductive system consists of?
  3. The common emotions in early childhood are?

[601]

  1. Is the primary necessity of human life?
  2. Which mineral helps in clotting of blood?
  3. In which position of the body does the weight of the body increase by 20 percent of the requirement?

[602]

  1. In which layer of the Earth are Basalt rocks found?
  2. Which landforms are associated with faults?
  3. Where are 'U' shaped valleys formed?

[603]

  1. When is a low sodium diet given?
  2. Which diet fulfils all nutritional needs?
  3. Which amino acids contain sulfur?

[604]

  1. On what basis did Mendel formulate the law of purity of gametes?
  2. What is the plasma membrane of mycoplasma rich in?
  3. When does plasmolysis occur in a cell?

[605]

  1. What is the fruiting body of Peziza called?
  2. When a virus attacks bacteria, what material enters the host?
  3. What are the conceptacles in Sargassum?

[606]

  1. Explain the breed characteristics of Murrah buffalo including production and reproduction data.
  2. What is Brucellosis? Explain the mode of transmission, symptoms, diagnosis, and preventive and control measures.
  3. Define Shearing. How do you prepare sheep for shearing? Discuss precautions during shearing.

[607]

  1. Soil word is derived from which language?
  2. Define Soil and describe the edaphological concept of soil.
  3. Prove that soil is a natural body and discuss soil health.

[608]

  1. What are the important objectives of silviculture?
  2. Define artificial regeneration and its basic steps.
  3. Write the methods of finding the age of trees.

[609]

  1. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of propagation by seed and vegetative methods.
  2. Define Budding and explain its different methods with diagrams.
  3. Define Parthenocarpy and discuss its types.

[610]

  1. Describe the importance of Reduction division (Meiosis) in plants.
  2. Write an essay on cytoplasmic inheritance.
  3. Define polyploidy and describe its types.

[611]

  1. Classify the crops on the basis of seasons.
  2. Why do plants need water? Briefly describe.
  3. What do you understand by Geographic Information System? Explain its importance and uses.

[612]

  1. What is the importance of Social Institution in Extension Education?
  2. Write about the Rural Society and its important characteristics.
  3. Write the difference between Sociology & Rural Sociology.

[613]

  1. Define Cell division and its types.
  2. Differentiate between Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria.
  3. Explain Multiple allelism and Gene interaction with an example.

[614]

  1. Describe the structure of a bacterial cell with suitable sketches.
  2. Comment upon the following: Inoculum potential, IPM, and Viroid.
  3. Describe the principle, structure, and working of Colorimeter.

[615]

  1. How the value of a resistance can be calculated using colour code technique?
  2. A 12pF capacitor is connected to a 50v cell. How much energy will the capacitor store?
  3. State and prove Thevenin's theorem.

[616]

  1. Give objects and scope of forest mensuration.
  2. Explain the advantages of agroforestry in detail.
  3. Describe Weeding and methods of weeding.

[617]

  1. August Comte is the father of sociology.
  2. Dr. A. R. Desai is an important Indian thinker of rural sociology.
  3. Define teaching and learning. Describe the principles of teaching in detail.

[618]

  1. Describe the structure of Seed.
  2. Discuss family 'Poaceae' under the following points: Morphology, Andrecium, Gynoecium, Floral diagram and Floral formula.
  3. Discuss various theories of evolution of plants.

[619]

  1. Describe the principles of orchard establishment.
  2. Write about soil and climate for horticultural crops.
  3. Define horticulture. What is its importance and scope?

[620]

  1. Write the name of four Indian breeds of goat.
  2. Write the care and management of cow before and after calving.
  3. What do you mean by pasture? Write down pasture management in detail.

[621]

  1. Write a short note on probability.
  2. Differentiate linkage and crossing over.
  3. What is mutation? Discuss methods of induced mutations.

[622]

  1. What do you mean by soil genesis? Write the types of rocks in soil formation.
  2. Enlist the various physical properties of soil.
  3. What are soil colloids? Describe the basic units of silicate clays in detail.

[623]

  1. Two irrigations are required in pulses.
  2. Six irrigations are required in wheat crop.
  3. Define irrigation and describe different irrigation methods.

[624]

  1. Write short note on Cereal Crops.
  2. How Irrigation is important for Agricultural Crops?
  3. Define Sprinkler Irrigation. Explain its benefits in Agriculture.

[625]

  1. What is the impact of mining on the environment?
  2. Write a detailed note on the relationship between man and environment.
  3. Discuss the modern concept of environmental conservation.

[626]

  1. Which factors are related to COVID-19?
  2. What is the recommended daily intake of water?
  3. Which one is known as home sugar?

[627]

  1. In which year were the first general elections to Lok Sabha held in India?
  2. What is the total number of High Courts in India?
  3. Write any five fundamental duties.

[628]

  1. Write the classification of horticultural plants.
  2. Define micro-propagation and its importance in horticultural plants.
  3. What do you mean by budding? Write major techniques of budding with suitable diagrams.

[629]

  1. Describe the qualitative and quantitative traits OR Define the sex determination in plants.
  2. Write short notes on haploid and monoploid OR Describe the crossing over with suitable diagram.
  3. Briefly describe the special types of chromosomes.

[630]

  1. Certified seed has a golden yellow color tag.
  2. Differentiate between seed and grain.
  3. Describe the different methods of fertilizer application.

[631]

  1. Discuss the various factors of production.
  2. Write the scope of farm management.
  3. What is the law of diminishing returns? Give suitable diagrams.

[632]

  1. What is Product-Product relationship? Give its importance with suitable examples.
  2. Explain the causes of low efficiency of Indian farm labour and point out the measures to improve it.
  3. What are the different types of farm records? Explain the different methods of keeping accounts under Indian conditions.

[633]

  1. What is cost of production?
  2. Explain types of farming and discuss the merits and demerits of diversified farming.
  3. What is factor-product relationship? Give its importance with suitable examples.

[634]

  1. What are the types of leader?
  2. What is the role of Village Panchayat?
  3. What are the programmes for women welfare in rural community?

[635]

  1. Cytoplasmic genes are found in mitochondria and chloroplast.
  2. The dominance hypothesis of heterosis was first proposed by Davenport in 1908.
  3. Define allogamy and mechanisms to promote cross-pollination.

[636]

  1. Describe the symptoms of Yellow Vein Mosaic of Bhindi.
  2. What is the greenhouse effect? Describe its impact on climate.
  3. Explain Little Leaf of Brinjal.

[637]

  1. What is computer called in Hindi?
  2. What was the basis on which Roman Legion soldiers were categorized?
  3. The Battle of Crecy was fought between which two rulers?

[638]

  1. Yellow vein mosaic disease of Bhindi is caused by?
  2. Iodine used in gram-staining serves as?
  3. Deuteromycetes possess which type of reproductive cycle?

[639]

  1. When are gas vacuoles formed in Oscillatoria?
  2. What pigments are common to all classes of algae?
  3. What type of rhizoids are found in Riccia?

[640]

  1. What is yeast an important source of?
  2. What causes Tikka disease of groundnut?
  3. What is absent in all fungi?

[641]

  1. Are gymnospermic plants homosporic or heterosporic?
  2. Into how many eras is the geological time table divided?
  3. When does archegonia develop in Pinus?

[642]

  1. What covers the plants of Chara?
  2. What is the plant body of Vaucheria like?
  3. What is the ploidy of elaters in Marchantia?

[643]

  1. What is the rhizophore of Selaginella similar to?
  2. In which era did life originate?
  3. How does the phloem of gymnosperms differ from angiosperms?

[644]

  1. Explain the given maxims in Hindi or English.
  2. Translate a paragraph from English to Hindi.
  3. Write down a complaint to the SSP for non-registering an FIR.

[645]

  1. Explain the provided legal maxims in English or Hindi.
  2. Convert the given sentences into indirect speech.
  3. What is proofreading? Elaborate on the usage of marginal marks and their explanations.

[646]

  1. Translate a passage describing bomb explosions and security issues into Hindi.
  2. Explain terms such as 'Res judicata', 'Caveat Emptor', 'Damnum sine injuria', 'Animus domini', and 'Doli incapax' in Hindi or English.
  3. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.

[647]

  1. Translate a legal passage from English to Hindi.
  2. Translate a legal passage from Hindi to English.
  3. Frame sentences to explain the meanings of terms such as 'Cruelty', 'Hearsay', 'Arbitrator', 'Trespass', and 'Abduction'.

[648]

  1. Translate the given Hindi passage into English.
  2. Translate the given English passage into Hindi.
  3. Write short notes on Audi alteram partem and Nemo judex in causa sua.

[649]

  1. Who is referred to as the Appropriate Government?
  2. Discuss 'Lockout is a weapon in the hands of employers and strike, in the hands of workers' under the provisions of the Industrial Dispute Act, 1947.
  3. Define and discuss in detail 'Industrial Dispute' under the Industrial Dispute Act, 1947.

[650]

  1. What is the main function of the Zoo Authority?
  2. Discuss the objects of the constitution of an area as a National Park.
  3. What are the provisions relating to prohibition on use of stream or well for disposal of polluting matter etc.? Under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.

[651]

  1. Discuss the role of Police in the criminal administration of Justice.
  2. Discuss in brief the definition, nature, scope and utility of Criminology.
  3. Discuss the main problems of Indian Prisons and give your suggestions for its improvement.

[652]

  1. What is a Lost Instrument?
  2. What is a Banking Company?
  3. Discuss the special services provided by banks.

[653]

  1. Discuss the provision relating to protect the environment under Indian Constitution.
  2. Define Hazardous Substances. What are the precautions taken before handling Hazardous substances?
  3. Ozone layer depletion is causing Damage to the environment. Comment.

[654]

  1. Explain the equitable reliefs that can be given on the ground of mistake.
  2. How do you define 'Equity'? What is the historical significance of the concept of 'Equity'? Explain.
  3. Explain breach of trust. What are the various remedies available to beneficiary in such cases?

[655]

  1. Write a short note on Dividend.
  2. What do you mean by the doctrine of Indoor Management?
  3. State the circumstances under which the corporate veil of a company is lifted and separate legal existence of it is ignored.

[656]

  1. Define Court of Inquiry under Section-6.
  2. What is the scope and object of the Industrial Dispute Act, 1947?
  3. Define and discuss in detail 'Industrial Dispute' under the Industrial Dispute Act, 1947.

[657]

  1. Define Sociological School of Criminology.
  2. Give a brief account of causes of sex delinquency in India. Do you agree that these delinquents need medical treatment rather than penal measures? Suggest some remedial measures for prevention of sex delinquency.
  3. Describe the major functions of police in bringing offenders to justice.

[658]

  1. Define 'Payment in Due Course'.
  2. What are Government Securities? Illustrate.
  3. Discuss the liabilities of a surety.

[659]

  1. Explain the rules to regulate environmental pollution under the Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986.
  2. Comment on: Noise is a nuisance in penal code and a health hazard in environmental laws.
  3. Explain in detail the concept of sustainable development. What role has the Indian Supreme Court played in making it applicable in India? Discuss.

[660]

  1. Discuss the scope of criminology and write the importance of its study.
  2. Explain the Sutherland's differential association theory.
  3. Define probation. Write its merits and demerits.

[661]

  1. Write a short note on employees' entitlement for compensation and the amount of compensation under the Workman's Compensation Act, 1923.
  2. Define Factory and Industrial Establishment under the Payment of Wages Act, 1936. Also give the difference between both.
  3. Discuss the employer's liability to pay compensation under the Workman's Compensation Act, 1923.

[662]

  1. Define Strike and explain when a strike becomes illegal under Industrial Dispute Act, 1947.
  2. Define Industry and discuss with the help of decided cases.
  3. Explain the procedure for the registration of a Trade Union. How many members are required for registration of a Trade Union?

[663]

  1. Distinguish between 'Public and Private Company'.
  2. What do you mean by meeting? Discuss the kinds of meetings under the Companies Act, 2013.
  3. Who are liable for misstatement in a prospectus? Explain the extent of civil and criminal liability for such misstatement.

[664]

  1. What is meant by setting aside of an award?
  2. What is the difference between an arbitrator and a referee?
  3. What is Geneva Convention Award?

[665]

  1. Evaluate the role of family in causation of crime.
  2. Discuss the theories of punishment from retribution to reformation.
  3. Critically analyse the theory of differential association which states: 'A person becomes criminal because of an excess of definitions favourable to violation of law over definitions unfavourable to violation of law.'

[666]

  1. What is Fast Track Arbitration?
  2. State the difference between arbitration and conciliation.
  3. Discuss the meaning and field of Alternate Dispute Resolution System. Also discuss its importance.

[667]

  1. Discuss Collective Bargaining and Growth of Trade Unions in India.
  2. Discuss the object and relevance of the Employees Provident Fund Scheme.
  3. Explain the extent of the liability of an employer to compensate the employees under the Workmen's Compensation Act, 1923.

[668]

  1. Discuss ancient Indian philosophy relating to the protection of the environment.
  2. Discuss different kinds of pollution.
  3. Explain the constitution, powers, and functions of the National Green Tribunal.

[669]

  1. Discuss the facts and decision of the Salomon Vs. Salomon and Co. Ltd. case.
  2. Why is the appointment of independent directors made by the company?
  3. Discuss the civil and criminal liability for mis-statement in prospectus.

[670]

  1. What is dishonour of a bill of exchange by non-acceptance?
  2. Discuss the modes of crossing a cheque and the significance of non-negotiable crossing.
  3. What does dishonour of a cheque mean? What are its kinds?

[671]

  1. Define Trade Union and discuss multiplicity of Trade Unions.
  2. Explain the basic objects of the Payment of Wages Act, 1936.
  3. Discuss the procedure for the registration and recognition of a Trade Union.

[672]

  1. Can an explanation clause enlarge the scope of the original section?
  2. Explain 'Retrospective operation of Statutes'. Give reference of some decided cases.
  3. Is a penal statute capable of wide interpretation? If so, in what circumstances?

[673]

  1. 'Environment is everything which is not me.' Explain briefly.
  2. Examine the scope of section 133 of code of criminal procedure as a tool for combating environmental pollution.
  3. What is called environment pollution? What are its different kinds? What are its global effects?

[674]

  1. What do you mean by Debentures?
  2. What do you mean by Doctrine of Ultra-Vires?
  3. What do you mean by Company? What are the types of Company? What is the difference between private company and public company?

[675]

  1. What is criminology? Explain its scope and importance.
  2. Discuss various theories of punishment. Which theory, according to you, is most appropriate?
  3. Discuss various arguments for abolition and retention of capital punishment in India.

[676]

  1. Describe the privileges of a Holder in Due Course.
  2. Elucidate the salient features of FEMA.
  3. Describe the role of RBI in Indian Banking System.

[677]

  1. What is the nature of ADR system?
  2. What do you mean by domestic arbitration?
  3. 'Lok Adalat is synonym of cheap and speedy justice.' What steps should be taken to make these adalats more effective?

[678]

  1. What do you understand by the word 'State'?
  2. What are the various professional misconduct? Explain them with reference to the latest case laws.
  3. What are the powers of the disciplinary committee relating to the enquiry made against an advocate for professional misconduct? Discuss.

[679]

  1. 'Sunflower' is a government ship of state X. The ship is transporting medicines and food for flood affected people of state Y. It is also transporting iron ore being exported to state Y. In route, while in the port of state Z, the ship was required to pay a fine for violating a local law of state Z. State X argues that since 'Sunflower' is a government ship, it is immune from laws of state Z. Discuss.
  2. Discuss different theories of recognition. Distinguish between 'de facto' and 'de jure' recognition.
  3. Attempt any four briefly: (i) Amicable methods of settlement of international disputes, (ii) Self-Defence, (iii) Martens Clause, (iv) Repatriation of prisoners of war, (v) Blockade.

[680]

  1. What do you mean by copyright issues? How can they be resolved?
  2. What is Defamation? Discuss the law relating to Defamation in the context of Cyber Law.
  3. What is a Trademark? How can it be infringed? What is the remedy against infringement?

[681]

  1. What do you understand by Dominant and Servient Heritage?
  2. Define Sale and distinguish between Sale and Contract of Sale.
  3. Explain why Immovable Property does not include standing timber, growing crops or grass.

[682]

  1. Explain 'The Rule of Law'.
  2. Discuss the Judicial controls to be exercised over delegated legislation.
  3. Discuss the scope of the Writ of Certiorari.

[683]

  1. What do you mean by 'Khula'?
  2. Write down the grounds of divorce under Muslim Marriage Act.
  3. Discuss the essentials of gift (Hiba) under Muslim Law. Is Hiba in favour of an unborn child valid?

[684]

  1. What do you mean by professional ethics?
  2. What is the importance of legal profession in India?
  3. Discuss elaborately the accountability of lawyers towards court, clients, and society.

[685]

  1. What are the restrictions on Freedom of Highseas?
  2. Discuss rights of state in EEZ.
  3. A boat belonging to state 'X' was seized while fishing in the territorial waters of state 'Y'. State 'X' and 'Y' are adjacent states. According to International Law, examine the status of state 'X' and 'Y'.

[686]

  1. Explain the 'Rule against Accumulation'.
  2. What do you mean by Easement? What are its kinds and essentials?
  3. What do you mean by transfer by ostensible owner? Explain with the help of leading caselaws.

[687]

  1. What is Writ of Mandamus?
  2. Write a short note on doctrine of 'Audi Alteram Partem'.
  3. Define Natural Justice. What rules of Natural Justice are followed in administrative and quasi-judicial proceedings?

[688]

  1. Point out the difference between Shia and Sunni law relating to guardianship.
  2. The nearer in degree excludes the more remote. Explain this statement.
  3. Explain the essential requirements of marriage.

[689]

  1. Explain the nature and scope of Writ of Quo-Warranto.
  2. Write a short essay on the Institution of Ombudsman.
  3. Discuss the special privilege of the government to withhold evidence in public interest.

[690]

  1. Write a note on Widow's right of retention. Is this right transferable?
  2. Write a detailed note on the Dissolution of Muslim Marriage Act, 1939.
  3. Discuss the importance of Ijma and Qiyas as sources of Muslim Personal Law.

[691]

  1. Difference between nationality and citizenship.
  2. Define Asylum and what is extraterritorial asylum?
  3. Discuss the statement 'International law is vanishing point of jurisprudence.'

[692]

  1. Whether the gift is valid if the donee dies before accepting? Would it make any difference if the donor dies instead?
  2. Explain the rule of 'Transferability is the inherent quality of property'. What are its exceptions?
  3. Define lease and explain its essential elements. Distinguish it from licence and easement. When does a lease get determined and forfeited?

[693]

  1. What do you mean by judicial review? Discuss in short.
  2. What are the various duties of a lawyer in criminal case? Explain.
  3. Under what circumstances a disciplinary action can be taken against an advocate? Discuss.

[694]

  1. What is the doctrine of bias?
  2. Discuss various controls to be exercised over delegated legislation.
  3. What is Public Interest Litigation? Explain its origin and nature in the Indian Context.

[695]

  1. Write a short note on De-jure recognition.
  2. 'International law is the vanishing point of jurisprudence.' Explain.
  3. Discuss the various sources of International Law.

[696]

  1. What are the effects of apostasy under Muslim Law?
  2. Critically examine the concept and procedure of 'Talaq-e-Ahsan' in comparison to 'Talaq-ul-Biddat'. When does Talaq become Bain (irrevocable)?
  3. Write short notes on any two: (i) Iddat (ii) Mutawalli (iii) Acknowledgment.

[697]

  1. What is an apology under Section 12 of the Contempt of Court Act, 1976?
  2. What qualities are required to be a successful lawyer?
  3. What are the duties of a lawyer in a criminal case?

[698]

  1. What is the right of self-determination?
  2. Define Asylum. What is extraterritorial asylum?
  3. Write a critical comment on International court of Justice.

[699]

  1. Define Gift. What are the essentials of a Valid Gift? When can a gift be suspended or revoked? Discuss with the help of decided cases.
  2. Who is Ostensible Owner? When is a transferee from an Ostensible Owner protected against the real Owner?
  3. Define Mortgage. Explain the essentials of a Mortgage. How mortgage is effected?

[700]

  1. Define Administrative Law. Discuss its nature and scope.
  2. Define Rule of Law. Discuss its importance in a welfare state.
  3. Define Delegated Legislation. Discuss the necessity and importance of delegated legislation.

[701]

  1. Explain the doctrine of continuous voyage.
  2. Explain fully the right of intervention.
  3. Explain the relationship between International Law and Municipal Law. What are its theories?

[702]

  1. Law must be stable and yet it cannot be standstill.
  2. Describe the procedure of termination of International Treaties.
  3. Discuss the different categories of diplomatic agents. Describe the different immunities and privileges of these agents in International Law.

[703]

  1. What is the rule of law?
  2. What is the writ of Quo-Warranto?
  3. What do you mean by the writ of Mandamus? Discuss the grounds for issuing this writ with the help of case laws.

[704]

  1. Define 'Marz-ul-Maut' or death-bed gift.
  2. 'Dower is an obligation of the husband, and not consideration of the marriage.' Comment on this statement with reference to the nature of dower and its different kinds.
  3. Discuss in brief the relative importance of 'Koran' and 'Sunna' as sources of Muslim Law and also state other sources, pointing out the difference between the Sunni and Shia Schools.

[705]

  1. Distinguish between vested and contingent interest.
  2. Discuss the duration of certain leases in absence of written contract of local usage.
  3. What is Lis-pendense? Give essential conditions for applying this doctrine.

[706]

  1. Who is considered a Law Graduate?
  2. What are the various duties of an advocate towards a fellow advocate?
  3. What do you mean by 'All India Bar Examination'? Explain its importance.

[707]

  1. What is the Right of Pre-Audience?
  2. How can a person give a promise to the court? If a person breaches the promise, will it be contempt? If yes, what type of contempt?
  3. What are the powers of the Disciplinary Committee relating to the inquiry made against an advocate for professional misconduct? Discuss.

[708]

  1. Define the term 'Lease'. What are the essential elements of a lease?
  2. Define Sale. What are the essentials of a valid sale? How is a sale made?
  3. Define Gift and explain the essential elements of a valid gift.

[709]

  1. Discuss the sources of International Law.
  2. Discuss the statement 'International Law is the vanishing point of jurisprudence.'
  3. Write notes on the following: (i) Freedom of the High Seas. (ii) Concept of Neutrality.

[710]

  1. Why is delegated legislation necessary?
  2. What do you understand by 'Natural Justice'? Explain the rules of natural justice with exceptions.
  3. Write a critical note on judicial control over administrative action.

[711]

  1. Difference between 'profession' and 'business'. What would you call legal practice and why?
  2. What is meant by constructive contempt or contempt outside the court? Explain.
  3. Describe the evolution and the need for the concept of 'Contempt of the Courts'. Which courts in India have powers to punish for contempt?

[712]

  1. What is the nature of Dower?
  2. Who can be appointed 'Mutawalli'?
  3. Write a short note on nature of Muslim marriage.

[713]

  1. What are the essentials of constructive notice?
  2. Discuss the fulfillment of condition subsequent.
  3. To what extent and in what manner can property be transferred to an unborn person?

[714]

  1. What do you mean by 'Khula'?
  2. Write a note on the nature of Muslim marriage.
  3. Discuss nature and different kinds of Dower.

[715]

  1. Discuss the difference between Administrative Law and Constitutional Law.
  2. What do you understand by Administrative Law? Discuss its nature and scope.
  3. Write an essay on 'Ombudsman'.

[716]

  1. Custom as a source of International Law.
  2. Discuss the various modes of state succession.
  3. What do you mean by EEZ under Law of the Sea? Discuss.

[717]

  1. Define Intervention and its kinds.
  2. What are the pacific means of settlement of International Disputes?
  3. Define contraband and its kinds. Discuss the doctrine of continuous voyage with case law.

[718]

  1. Rights and Privileges of an Advocate.
  2. Who is 'Advocate on Record'?
  3. Explain the writ of Mandamus.

[719]

  1. Write the essential elements of easement.
  2. Define transfer of property under the Transfer of Property Act. What are the essentials of a valid transfer?
  3. Define fraudulent transfer. What are its essential elements? Discuss in detail.

[720]

  1. What is Talaq? How many forms of Talaq are recognised under Muslim Law? Explain.
  2. What are the primary sources of Muslim Law? Discuss the contribution of 'Legislation' regarding the evolution of Muslim Law.
  3. Define Gift (Hiba) under Muslim Law. Describe the various kinds of gift under Muslim Law.

[721]

  1. Write a note on Administrative Action.
  2. Discuss the writ jurisdiction under Articles 32 and 226.
  3. What do you mean by Delegated Legislation? Explain.

[722]

  1. Write various kinds of Guardianship under Muslim Law.
  2. What are the various sources of Muslim Law? Fully discuss the role of Hadis as a source of law.
  3. Discuss the various methods of divorce accepted under Muslim Law.

[723]

  1. Write briefly diplomatic agents and its categories.
  2. Define state succession. State the consequences of State-succession in respect of treaty-rights and obligations and contractual rights and obligations.
  3. Define Blockade. What are its essential elements? What are the consequences of violation of blockade? When does blockade end?

[724]

  1. What do you mean by easement?
  2. Distinguish between actionable claim and mere right to sue.
  3. Define Gift. What are the essential elements of a valid gift?

[725]

  1. What is the object of Public Interest Litigation?
  2. Doctrine of separation of powers speaks about the division of the legislative, executive and judicial functions of government among separate entities. Discuss this doctrine with the help of decided cases. How is this doctrine implicit in our constitution? Discuss.
  3. What do you mean by delegated legislation? Explain the judicial control over delegated legislation. Refer to decided cases.

[726]

  1. Discuss the theory of remedial liability.
  2. Discuss the legal personality of an unborn child.
  3. Define ownership and explain its elements.

[727]

  1. What is Sapind relationship under Hindu Marriage Act?
  2. Define the validity of the adoption of a girl-child by a 20-year-old unmarried male and a widow.
  3. Name the classes of guardians defined in the Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, 1956. What are their powers?

[728]

  1. Explain testamentary succession under the Hindu Succession Act, 1956.
  2. Explain the remedy of restitution of conjugal rights and its defenses.
  3. Who are the natural guardians of a Hindu minor in order of priority? Who is the natural guardian of an adopted child? What are their powers? Discuss with relevant law.

[729]

  1. Which person are capable to give a child in adoption? Discuss.
  2. Define custom as a source of Hindu Law. What are its essential attributes?
  3. Discuss the liability of a Hindu to maintain his minor children and aged and infirm parents.

[730]

  1. Translate the following legal terms into Hindi: Malpractice, Negative, Official Benches, Opposition.
  2. Write an essay on 'The state and direction of the Hindi national language.'
  3. Transform the following sentences into compound sentences: (a) Justice will be done to you. (b) Evening walks are beneficial for health.

[731]

  1. Translate the following legal terms into Hindi: Prosecutor, Jurist, Detenu, Beneficiary.
  2. Explain the punctuation marks used in Hindi with examples.
  3. Write an essay on suggestions to make Hindi the national language.

[732]

  1. Correct the following sentences: (a) Will you drink hot buffalo milk? (b) No person in society can do this.
  2. Summarize the given passage and suggest an appropriate title: 'Character is the greatest wealth in life... Without character, progress is not possible.'
  3. Write a short essay on 'The concept of human rights'.

[733]

  1. Translate the following English words into Hindi: Petition, Deponent, Verdict, Accuse.
  2. Translate the following Hindi words into English: , , , .
  3. Write a detailed essay on the topic 'Humorous ethics and Indian politics'.

[734]

  1. Write the names of any four dialects of Western Hindi.
  2. Discuss the current status of Hindi in the world and its future prospects.
  3. Name any four main characters from the drama .

[735]

  1. Elaborate on the significance of Hindi language.
  2. Write an essay on 'Hindi Language and National Unity.'
  3. Correct four of the following words: , , , , , .

[736]

  1. : , , , , ,
  2. - : , , , , , , , ,

[737]

  1. : , , , ,
  2. : , , , , ,
  3. - : , , , , , ,

[738]

  1. : , , , , ,
  2. - : , , , , , ,

[739]

  1. : , , , , ,
  2. - : , , , , , ,

[740]

  1. : , , , , ,
  2. - : , , , , , ,

[741]

  1. : , , , , ,
  2. - : , , , , ,

[742]

  1. Describe the origin and development of the Hindi language.
  2. What is your opinion on the current status of the Hindi language and its future? Explain comprehensively.
  3. Name the authors of the following works: Padmavat, Andher Nagari, Kamayani, Adhe-Adhure.

[743]

  1. , , , , , , , , ,

[744]

  1. 2-2 : , , ,
  2. : , , , , , , , , ,

[745]

  1. Translate the following passage in Hindi: 'Science is, indeed, a great blessing to mankind. Science has revolutionized human life and introduced so many comforts into the world that life has become really worth living. If a man of 17th or 18th century could pay a visit to our scientific world, he would think himself to be in a fairyland where everything is done by magic. Consider, for instance, what electricity does for us. We have just to press a button and the room is flooded with light, or a fan begins to revolve and give us a current of cool refreshing air or a heater begins to radiate warmth. Electricity boils water and freezes ice for us. It is the driving power behind thousands of machines. Its miracles.'
  2. Correct the following sentences: (i) I went to Kolkatta when you called. (ii) I think every one of these men are incompetant. (iii) Please answer to my question. (iv) He is stronger than any body.
  3. Translate the following passage in English: ' , '

[746]

  1. Translate the passage about health into Hindi.
  2. Explain the following with reference to context.
  3. Summarize the arguments of Frame in favor of Folder.

[747]

  1. Translate the passage discussing Aristotle's concept of justice into Hindi.
  2. Change the narration of the following sentences.
  3. Write a note on the plot construction of the play Justice.

[748]

  1. Translate the passage discussing Aristotle's concept of justice into Hindi.
  2. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions.
  3. Explain with reference to context the given lines about the administration of justice.

[749]

  1. Translate the passage into Hindi.
  2. Read the passage and answer the questions based on it.
  3. What is a Resume? Describe its salient features.

[750]

  1. Translate the passage into Hindi.
  2. Change the voice of the following sentences.
  3. Read the passage and answer the questions based on it.

[751]

  1. Translate the passage about man's fate into Hindi.
  2. Change the voice of the following sentences.
  3. Write a letter to the Editor discussing the insanitary condition of your locality.

[752]

  1. Translate the passage about man's fate into Hindi.
  2. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions.
  3. Draft an effective resume for a job interview.

[753]

  1. Translate the passage about Akbar and Birbal into Hindi.
  2. Translate the passage about Ved and his grandmother's house from Hindi to English.
  3. Change the voice of sentences like: 'Police arrested the thief.'

[754]

  1. Translate the passage about Akbar and Birbal into Hindi.
  2. Translate the passage about Ved and his grandmother's house from Hindi to English.
  3. Answer questions based on the passage about the optimistic engine-driver.

[755]

  1. Describe the symptoms in detail of any three of the following: Green Ear disease of Bajra, Yellow vein mosaic of Bhindi or Okra, Blast of rice, Early blight of potato.
  2. Who gave the Burgundy mixture?
  3. Write down the causal organism of late blight of potato.

[756]

  1. Write a detailed note on the use of English words in Hindi newspapers.
  2. Write an essay on Covid-19.
  3. Write a letter to your father and inform him about your examination results.

[757]

  1. Given data for two tests in English and Hindi, work out the regression equations.
  2. Predict the probable marks in Hindi of a student whose English marks are 65.
  3. What do you understand by sampling? Discuss its role in economic analysis.

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