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Important Questions for "hindi":

[1]

  1. Discuss the statement, 'Surdas's depiction of parental love is a priceless asset of Hindi literature.'
  2. Analyze the statement, 'Ghananand is primarily a poet of separation.'
  3. Highlight the features of Bihari's couplets.

[2]

  1. Explain the origin and growth of Hindi Journalism.
  2. Write an essay on the Freedom movement and Hindi Journalism.
  3. Highlight the main trends of Hindi Journalism after Independence.

[3]

  1. What is the last month of the Hindi calendar?
  2. 'Beejak' is associated with whom?
  3. What were Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar's birth and death years?

[4]

  1. Explain the depiction of parental love in Sur's poetry.
  2. Discuss the language used in Ghananand's poems.
  3. Evaluate the literary contribution of the Ramcharit Manas.

[5]

  1. Evaluate how dramatic themes are expressed in modern Hindi prose.
  2. Summarize the themes of the play 'Dhruvaswamini'.
  3. Critically analyze the language and style of the essay 'Kya Basant Aa Gaya'.

[6]

  1. Describe the contributions of Kamleshwar to the evolution of Hindi storytelling.
  2. Highlight the distinctive features of Harishankar Parsai's prose.
  3. Discuss Jaishankar Prasad's language and style.

[7]

  1. Examine the Hindi Journalism of Kashi.
  2. Discuss the development of Hindi Journalism after Independence.
  3. Discuss the contribution of Mahatma Gandhi as a Journalist.

[8]

  1. Examine the Hindi Journalism of Kashi.
  2. Discuss the development of Hindi Journalism after Independence.
  3. Discuss any one of the following: Sarswati, Udant Martanda, Mahamana Madan Mohan Malviya.

[9]

  1. What do you mean by Community Radio? Discuss its historical developments in India.
  2. Focus on the historical developments of Satellite Television Channel in India.
  3. Write an essay on the Film and Television Institute of India.

[10]

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[11]

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[12]

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[13]

  1. Give your opinion on the language and grammar of Hindi Films.
  2. Throw light on the language of Radio.
  3. Discuss the characteristics of TV News Writing with suitable examples.

[14]

  1. Explain the utility and importance of Proofreading symbols with examples in Hindi or English.
  2. Describe the qualities and functions of a News Editor.
  3. Highlight precautions in a literary magazine review.

[15]

  1. Throw light on the critical contributions of Ramchandra Shukla or Ramvilas Sharma to Hindi criticism.
  2. What do you understand by 'Rasa'? Introduce its various elements.
  3. What do you understand by 'Shastrabad'?

[16]

  1. Critically evaluate the statement 'Alankar is the soul of poetry.'
  2. Highlight the significant features of Marxist criticism.
  3. Write a note on 'Pratibha'.

[17]

  1. Explain the meaning of Suryakant Tripathi Nirala's poem 'Wah Todti Pathar'.
  2. Examine Sumitranandan Pant as a poet of nature.
  3. Discuss the poetic characteristics of Sachchidananda Hirananda Vatsyayan Agyeya.

[18]

  1. Throw light on the development of Hindi Journalism in India.
  2. What is One step communication flow?
  3. Explain the Prasar Bharti Board.

[19]

  1. What is the synonym for Ganga?
  2. Which word is a Bhavvachak noun?
  3. Which is not considered a lipi (script)?

[20]

  1. Mention two important genres of Hindi prose.
  2. Discuss the origin and development of Hindi novels.
  3. When and where was Bharatendu Harishchandra born?

[21]

  1. Interpret the given Hindi translation of the verse: 'Adharah Kisalayaraga...', explaining its meaning.
  2. Interpret the given Hindi translation of the verse: 'Bhrityair Magadha...', explaining its meaning.
  3. Character sketch of the protagonist of 'Uttar Ramcharitam'.

[22]

  1. How should be the teacher-taught relationship according to Buddhism?
  2. What are the fundamental principles of Idealism?
  3. What are the factors that have influenced Indian Social System? What is the role of education in the development of Individual and the Society?

[23]

  1. What is the contribution of Information and Communication Technology to achieve educational objectives?
  2. What are Models of teaching? Discuss Indian development and learning models.
  3. What are various types of Communication? Write in detail about the components of communication.

[24]

  1. What do you mean by Pratyaksha Praman?
  2. What do you mean by Brain Storming?
  3. What is the use of Inquiry Training in Teaching Learning?

[25]

  1. Write the educational implications of classical conditioning theory.
  2. What are the scales to measure wellness lifestyle?
  3. What is operant conditioning? Describe Skinner's experiment regarding operant conditioning.

[26]

  1. Differentiate between Formal and Non-formal Education.
  2. 'Education is the dynamic side of Philosophy.' Explain this statement.
  3. What should be the aims of education in the context of present economic conditions in India? Explain with examples.

[27]

  1. Define Educational Technology and discuss its scope in Education in detail.
  2. Write in detail about Hardware, Software and System approach of Educational Technology.
  3. What is micro teaching? Write in detail about micro teaching cycle and its use.

[28]

  1. What do you understand by Epistemology?
  2. Give the characteristics of Slow Learner.
  3. Describe the procedure and constraints for developing elementary level curriculum.

[29]

  1. What do you mean by Emotional Intelligence?
  2. Explain the Pre-active and Interactive stages of teaching with suitable examples.
  3. Describe the Indian concept of Personality. What are the factors which affect the development of personality?

[30]

  1. Explain the relation between Cultural Heritage and Education.
  2. Throw light on the problem of national integration. Can it be solved by re-organising education? If so, how?
  3. Write the meaning and objectives of educational planning and discuss the role of education in it.

[31]

  1. What is the maximum range of value of Z-scores? Why?
  2. Write a short note on Binnet test of intelligence.
  3. What do you mean by reliability coefficient of a test? Describe any two methods for estimating reliability coefficient of a test.

[32]

  1. Explain the characteristics of NPC.
  2. Calculate the percentile rank of scores 7 and 15 from given data.
  3. What do you mean by validity of a test? Describe its different kinds.

[33]

  1. Differentiate between Behaviorism and Constructivism. Throw light on the role of Constructivism on the development of Educational Technology with the help of appropriate examples.
  2. While differentiating between Micro Teaching and Simulated Teaching, describe Micro Teaching cycle and throw light on the role of Simulated Teaching in Behaviour Modification.
  3. What do you mean by 'Computer Literacy'? Discuss the usage of Computers in the Teaching-Learning process.

[34]

  1. Differentiate between Knowledge and Information.
  2. What are the determinants of effective curriculum transaction?
  3. What do you mean by learner diversity?

[35]

  1. Elucidate the educational implications of social development at adolescent stage.
  2. Describe the main points of learning theory presented by Bruner.
  3. What is meant by exceptional child? Differentiate between creative and gifted child. What techniques can be used to enrich the creativity of children?

[36]

  1. Explain the meaning of educational philosophy.
  2. Describe the principles of Educational planning. How can planning occur in a country like India?
  3. Differentiate between civilization and culture. How is education related to human values?

[37]

  1. Define educational technology and discuss its scope in teaching.
  2. Compare between Hardware, Software and System approach of Educational Technology with examples.
  3. Write in detail about microteaching.

[38]

  1. What do you mean by interdisciplinarity?
  2. Discuss the determinants of effective curriculum transaction.
  3. Write in detail about learners' needs and gap between curriculum communicated aspects based differences in schools.

[39]

  1. Discuss the process of adjustment in brief.
  2. What are the techniques of motivating children? Discuss in brief.
  3. What are the various stages in teaching? Describe Interactive stage of teaching in detail.

[40]

  1. What are the fundamental principles of pragmatism?
  2. Enumerate characteristics of Idealistic Education.
  3. Discuss the relationship between education and culture and explain the functions of education in the transmission of cultural heritage.

[41]

  1. What do you understand by interview technique?
  2. What is measure of central tendency?
  3. Write about administration and scoring of a test.

[42]

  1. What is Educational Technology? Write about its scope.
  2. What is Computer Assisted Instruction? What are the steps of its development?
  3. Models of teaching are a plan of teaching activities. Justify this with the help of any teaching model.

[43]

  1. What is the meaning of 'brain storming'?
  2. What is the meaning of experiential learning?
  3. Discuss the determinants of effective curriculum transaction.

[44]

  1. Discuss characteristics of Interactive stage of teaching.
  2. Define learning. Discuss the factors affecting learning.
  3. Define personality according to Allport. What are the various methods used for the assessment of personality?

[45]

  1. What is the need of Philosophy in Education?
  2. Discuss the function of Philosophy in restructuring the aim of Education.
  3. Throw light on the problem of National Integration. Can it be solved by reorganizing education? If yes then how?

[46]

  1. Role of National Assessment and Accreditation Council.
  2. Aims of National Curriculum Framework for Teacher Education 2009.
  3. What are the basic elements of New Education Policy 2020? According to you how much relevant it would be?

[47]

  1. What is the difference between formal and non-formal assessment?
  2. What is continuous and comprehensive evaluation?
  3. Based on the frequency distribution of an achievement test in science for class 10th, calculate the median of scores.

[48]

  1. What are the characteristics of memory level teaching?
  2. What is the role of programmed instruction in learning?
  3. Discuss the approaches of educational technology. Differentiate between linear and branching programming.

[49]

  1. What is the difference between aim and objective?
  2. Why is it important to write the specific objectives of Biological Science in behavioral terms?
  3. What is the importance of stimulus variation skill for a good teacher?

[50]

  1. What is the importance of teaching English in India?
  2. What are the aims of silent reading?
  3. Discuss merits and demerits of Written Composition.

[51]

  1. Explain the importance of word planning in Hindi teaching.
  2. How will you evaluate the achievement of Hindi students? Support your answer with examples.
  3. What is the importance of textbooks in Hindi teaching? Describe the key features of a good Hindi textbook.

[52]

  1. Clarify relation of Sanskrit with Hindi literature.
  2. Types of Audio-Visual aids in Sanskrit Teaching.
  3. What are the aims of prose teaching? Discuss the methods of Sanskrit Teaching.

[53]

  1. Audio Visual aids in home science teaching.
  2. Describe in brief the nature and scope of home science teaching at secondary level.
  3. What do you understand by correlation? While teaching domestic science, how will you correlate it with maths and science?

[54]

  1. Explain the importance of mass media and its approach in physical science.
  2. What do you understand by physical science? Explain the nature of physical science.
  3. Define educational objectives and instructional objectives. Differentiate between them.

[55]

  1. Importance of social science teaching in the school curriculum.
  2. Prepare a social science subject lesson plan for class VII.
  3. Define project method. Make a project report on any topic of social science.

[56]

  1. Four characteristics of a good action hypothesis.
  2. Describe the sources of problems for action research in schools.
  3. Describe the suitable tools used for collection of data in Action research.

[57]

  1. Meaning and types of correlation.
  2. Calculate Mode from the given series: 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 7, 7.
  3. Explain the characteristics of formative evaluation and summative evaluation.

[58]

  1. What is the National system of education according to National Education Policy, 1986?
  2. Evaluate the role of District Institutes of Education and Training in improving the quality of Education.
  3. What do you understand by vocationalization of secondary education? What are the major challenges in vocationalization of secondary education in India?

[59]

  1. Role of the teachers in Gender discrimination.
  2. What do you understand by Inclusive Education? Discuss its historical Background.
  3. What is Educational Exclusion? Evaluate the Measures to prevent it.

[60]

  1. Write four characteristics of a good action hypothesis.
  2. How will you evaluate the results of an action research?
  3. Prepare an action research project for the solution of any problem in school.

[61]

  1. Difference between Interval level and Ratio level of measurement.
  2. Differentiate between formative and summative evaluation and clarify its role in education.
  3. What do you mean by Attitude? Describe methods of attitude measurement.

[62]

  1. Impacts of Right to Education (RTE) on school resources.
  2. Explain the various interventions provided by SSA in detail. What hindrances did it face in achieving its targets?
  3. What is the relationship between equality and equity? How is NIOS helpful in achieving equity?

[63]

  1. Differentiate between Special Education and Inclusive Education.
  2. Explain the prevalent practices in society which hinder Inclusion. Discuss the government efforts to prevent discrimination.
  3. Explain any one government policy at school level which is helpful in promoting Inclusion.

[64]

  1. Write down the characteristics of a good action hypothesis.
  2. Give the need of research in education.
  3. How can action research be useful for other researchers? Explain with examples.

[65]

  1. Give the importance of writing behavioral objectives.
  2. Compare formative and summative evaluation.
  3. Define 'item-analysis'. Discuss its process of analyzing test items.

[66]

  1. Problems of Vocational Secondary Education in Indian context.
  2. The issue of 'quality' in government schools.
  3. Why any country should provide universal elementary education? Give logic.

[67]

  1. Differentiate between special education and inclusive education.
  2. Describe the provisions made in the constitution to check social, economic, and gender-based discriminatory practices.
  3. What are the characteristics of an inclusive school? What points should be kept in mind while developing an inclusive school?

[68]

  1. Write two action hypotheses on any action research problem.
  2. Write the names of tools for collection of data in action research.
  3. Define action research. Differentiate between fundamental research and action research.

[69]

  1. Define Educational Evaluation. Differentiate among Measurement, Assessment, and Evaluation.
  2. Differentiate between formative and summative Evaluation and describe its procedure.
  3. What is personality? Describe the projective technique of personality assessment.

[70]

  1. The purpose of National Institutions of Open Schooling (NIOS).
  2. Explain the "Operation Blackboard" according to New Education Policy (1986).
  3. Explain the scenario of Present Indian Education with reference to general schooling.

[71]

  1. What do you mean by Gender discrimination? How social and economic factors affect Inclusion? Discuss.
  2. What are the practices related with disability domain? Explain.
  3. Explain in detail any two teaching strategies used in Inclusive education.

[72]

  1. Write four characteristics of creative children.
  2. Clarify collaborative and co-operative learning.
  3. What are the adaptation and changes needed in curriculum and teaching strategies to create a school inclusive? Discuss with suitable examples.

[73]

  1. What is the difference between knowledge and belief? Describe different sources of knowledge.
  2. What is team teaching? Describe the characteristics of team teaching and discuss its merits and demerits.
  3. What is learner diversity? Describe various domains of learner diversity. What are the educational provisions for the students of diverse needs?

[74]

  1. Write pedagogical implications of civics at school level.
  2. What are the essential skills for teaching civics?
  3. Prepare a lesson plan of civics for class VIIIth on any topic.

[75]

  1. Write the aims of teaching Economics at secondary stage.
  2. What do you understand by Curriculum? Explain in brief.
  3. What do you understand by the reliability of a test?

[76]

  1. Write about the merits of the bilingual method in teaching of English.
  2. What are the different aspects of English language? Describe any one aspect in detail.
  3. Discuss the importance of audio-visual and technological aids in teaching of English with examples.

[77]

  1. Discuss the correlation of Geography with Economics.
  2. What is the importance of lesson plan in Geography teaching?
  3. Describe in brief the meaning, nature, and need of Geography teaching.

[78]

  1. Write the objectives of teaching Hindi at secondary level.
  2. List causes of pronunciation defects in Hindi.
  3. Describe the impact of other languages on Hindi with examples.

[79]

  1. What is the importance of excursions in History?
  2. What is curriculum? Describe some important principles of curriculum construction.
  3. Write different forms of objective tests with examples and make a blueprint of History for the students of class 8th.

[80]

  1. What are the qualities of a good teaching aid?
  2. Write the characteristics of a good lesson plan.
  3. What do you understand by reliability of an achievement test?

[81]

  1. Differentiate between derivational and inflectional morphemes with examples.
  2. Write the steps of the lesson plan for teaching poetry in English.
  3. Discuss the process of testing and evaluation in English as a second language.

[82]

  1. Differentiate between Measurement and Evaluation.
  2. What is the importance of library in Geography Teaching?
  3. Describe the evaluation procedures for measuring students' achievement in Geography with suitable examples.

[83]

  1. Write the steps of the lesson-plan for teaching grammar in English.
  2. Prepare a lesson-plan for teaching poetry in any class of your choice.
  3. Explain the process of testing and evaluation in English as a second language.

[84]

  1. Discuss the aims of Geography teaching. Differentiate between aims and objectives.
  2. What is the importance of curriculum in school education? Explain the basic principles of curriculum construction of Geography.
  3. Prepare a lesson plan on any topic of Geography for 40 Minutes duration for Class VII.

[85]

  1. What are the advantages and limitations of Team teaching?
  2. What is the utility of concept mapping in science teaching?
  3. What are the main methods of science teaching? Describe any one method of them.

[86]

  1. What are essential skills for teaching civics?
  2. What do you understand by behavioural objectives?
  3. What is an achievement test?

[87]

  1. What are the methods for teaching Hindi grammar? Briefly explain.
  2. Clarify the importance of audio-visual aids in teaching Hindi language.
  3. What are the new techniques for evaluation in Hindi teaching?

[88]

  1. Importance of Excursion in History.
  2. Use of time-line and maps in History Teaching.
  3. Discuss the objectives of Teaching History at Secondary Level.

[89]

  1. Mention the Characteristics of 'Heuristic method'. Clarify the application of heuristic method in biology teaching with one example.
  2. Differentiate between Behaviourism and constructivism. Present steps of constructivist lesson plan of biological teaching and mention characteristics of constructivist classroom.
  3. Write short notes on Structure of Bio-Lab.

[90]

  1. Explain the implications of brainstorming in Commerce teaching.
  2. What do you understand by Validity and Reliability of any test?
  3. Discuss the concept, principles, and procedure of Commerce curriculum.

[91]

  1. What do you understand by the curriculum of Economics teaching?
  2. Write main functions of Economics library.
  3. What principles should be kept in mind while constructing the curriculum in Economics? Discuss.

[92]

  1. What are English morphemes? Give examples.
  2. Write objectives of teaching English at junior and senior stages of schools in India.
  3. Prepare a lesson plan of teaching prose or poetry of any class you have taught.

[93]

  1. What is the difference between method and technique?
  2. Write a short note on History-Room.
  3. How would you correlate the teaching of History with Geography? Explain with examples.

[94]

  1. Describe the role of the teacher in Hindi teaching.
  2. Why is supplementary material necessary in Hindi language teaching?
  3. What techniques are used for teaching correct pronunciation in Hindi?

[95]

  1. What arrangement should be made for the Teaching of Gifted Children?
  2. Briefly explain the required reforms in curriculum to make a successful Inclusion.
  3. What do you mean about co-curricular activities? What type of facilities should be provided for the Scholastic Backwardness at school?

[96]

  1. Explain the meaning of Equality and Equity in Education.
  2. Present a plan for Women Empowerment.
  3. Give details of the provisions of Women Empowerment in the Right to Education Act-2009.

[97]

  1. Write the revised taxonomy of Bloom of Cognitive Domain.
  2. Describe the problem-solving method of biological science teaching with examples. Write merits and demerits of it.
  3. What is a concept map? Make a concept map for any topic of biology.

[98]

  1. Discuss the place of Commerce in the school curriculum.
  2. Critically examine the Commerce contents at the school level.
  3. Review any commerce book based on the CCE pattern.

[99]

  1. What are the differences between Reliability and Validity of a test?
  2. Discuss any one method of science teaching.
  3. Elaborate the meaning of science teaching and write its contemporary importance in light of the scientific age.

[100]

  1. Explain the correlation of Home Science with Science at the secondary level.
  2. What is the interdisciplinary nature of the content of Home Science?
  3. Describe the types of buildings required for laboratory equipment in Home Science at the secondary level.

[101]

  1. Write the steps of Science lesson plan.
  2. What do you mean by validity of a Test?
  3. How Science can be taught with Co-curricular activities? Discuss it with various suitable examples.

[102]

  1. What is the scope of Commerce education?
  2. Describe the correlation of Commerce with Maths.
  3. What do you mean by Commerce club?

[103]

  1. What is the contribution of e-learning in teaching biological science?
  2. Write the steps in constructing an achievement test for biological science.
  3. Prepare a lesson plan for class IX on any topic of biological science (40 minutes duration).

[104]

  1. What is meant by e-learning? How can it be useful in science teaching?
  2. Describe the constructionist approach in science teaching.
  3. Elucidate the role of co-curricular activities in understanding concepts with the help of proper examples.

[105]

  1. Write two examples each of Biotic and Abiotic components of environment.
  2. What is the concept of Environment? Explain its various components in detail.
  3. What are the objectives of environmental education? Discuss its need and importance.

[106]

  1. List down various strategies for making Environmental Education effective.
  2. What do you mean by fieldwork research?
  3. Explain the lecture and discussion methods and their importance for Environmental Education.

[107]

  1. What are the characteristics of an effective teacher?
  2. Explain the evaluation of school.
  3. Explain the role of teacher in classroom management.

[108]

  1. Clarify the need of Women education.
  2. Define Informal and Open Schools. Discuss the effectiveness of programs run by Informal and Open schools.
  3. Define value education & adult education.

[109]

  1. What are the objectives of environmental education?
  2. What do you mean by project?
  3. What is the meaning of action research in environmental education?

[110]

  1. Do the economic disparity and gender discrimination are related with each other? Describe your answer with two arguments.
  2. What are the weaknesses of Co-Ed. Schools?
  3. Write an essay on co-education and gender discrimination.

[111]

  1. Objectives of education during Vedic period.
  2. The contribution of Yashpal Committee in Primary education.
  3. Explain how the educational set-up can be upgraded by reforms in the examination system.

[112]

  1. Throw light on the importance of participatory management.
  2. Write a short note on accreditation as a system of evaluation.
  3. What is meant by Total Quality Management? How it can be applied for effective school management.

[113]

  1. Write two differences between guidance and counselling.
  2. What are the educational implications of directive counselling?
  3. Write a short note on autobiographical description in guidance.

[114]

  1. Concept of minimum learning level.
  2. Recommendations of knowledge commission on higher education.
  3. Point out the main recommendations of University Education Commission (1948-49) for the qualitative improvement of higher education.

[115]

  1. Highlight Kabir's importance in Hindi literature.
  2. What is the nature of Kabir's language?
  3. Explain the significance of Jayasi.

[116]

  1. Analyze the relationship between Apabhramsha and Hindi.
  2. Provide two arguments supporting the statement that Hindi's early poetry forms the foundation of Hindi literature.
  3. State two features of Niti-related couplets from Apabhramsha Chandrodaya.

[117]

  1. State the significance of Dhananand.
  2. Clarify the intent of ' ' and identify its author.
  3. Write a critical essay on Dhananand's linguistic planning.

[118]

  1. Throw light on the origin and growth of Hindi Journalism.
  2. Write an essay on the Hindi journalist in Kashi.
  3. Throw light on the development of Hindi Journalism after Independence.

[119]

  1. Discuss the origin and growth of Hindi journalism.
  2. Write an essay on the Hindi journalists in Kashi.
  3. Throw light on the development of Hindi journalism after independence.

[120]

  1. Translate the following English headlines into Hindi: 'Beaten by wife, more than 6500 men dial 100'; 'Large projects, GST-Spurred buying drive PC, laptop sales by over 60%'; '38-year-old Indian woman named Seattle deputy mayor'; 'Pakistan defense Twitter a/c suspended over morphed photo'; 'E-learning picks up in Unnao villages, kids hooked to tablet-based learning'.
  2. Write a news story using the following points and give a suitable heading: Road Accident, Truck, Four injured, Police Action, Medical Procedure, Ceasing.
  3. Write the names of the Chief Editors of the following newspapers: Dainik Hindustan, Dainik Jagran, Amar Ujala, Dainik Aaj, The Indian Express, The Times of India, The Hindu, The Hindustan Times, The Telegraph.

[121]

  1. Give short answers of the following: 'Virtue is knowledge' (Socrates), Plato's ideas regarding philosopher king, Plato on Social Justice, Aristotle on property, Aristotle's Ideal State, Aristotle on the purpose of state, Features of Medieval political thought, Acquinas on Church-State relation, Marsilio's ideas regarding state, Theory of Two Swords.
  2. Assess Marsilio's contribution to political thought.
  3. Discuss the causes of failure of the Conciliar movement.

[122]

  1. Explain in brief the nature of International Relations.
  2. Discuss the significance of decision-making theory in the study of International Politics.
  3. What is the impact of Nuclear Weapons on International Politics? Explain.

[123]

  1. Examine Platonic Concept of Justice. Is it relevant in contemporary situations?
  2. Discuss Aristotle's views regarding the origin, nature, and purpose of the State.
  3. Write a brief essay on the Conciliar movement.

[124]

  1. Explain the meaning and development of International Relations.
  2. Critically analyse the theory of realism in the study of International Relations.
  3. What is the decision-making theory? Describe its features.

[125]

  1. Write short note on the position of Article 356.
  2. Discuss Fundamental Right of Religious freedom described in Article 25 of Indian Constitution.
  3. Describe 'Judicial Activism' in Indian Judiciary.

[126]

  1. Analyse the causes of the decline in the powers of legislature in modern states.
  2. Explain the concept of Political Culture and its relevance in a political system.
  3. Compare the powers of the American Senate and the Indian Rajya Sabha.

[127]

  1. What were the main ideas of Green regarding punishment?
  2. What are the key principles of Bentham's utilitarianism?
  3. Examine the philosophical influences on Marx's dialectical materialism.

[128]

  1. Who stated that 'Best education is that which does not gives mere information but make harmony with all existence'?
  2. Who criticized liberal democracy due to the role of political parties and suppression of personal liberty?
  3. What was M.N. Roy's criticism of Marxism, and why?

[129]

  1. Which scholar accepted public administration as a science?
  2. Which country is associated with the term 'Management Revolution'?
  3. Who first used the word 'bureaucracy'?

[130]

  1. Name the first country of the Soviet Republic (USSR) to declare its independence.
  2. Discuss the relevance of strategic realism and neo-realism in modern international relations.
  3. Analyze the role of the Non-Aligned Movement in shaping international detente after the Cold War.

[131]

  1. Where is capital of Ladakh.
  2. Ustad Bismillah Khan is related with.
  3. Which movie is not based on Varanasi.

[132]

  1. What is Gradation and what are its types?
  2. Define Inselburg and Mushroom Rock.
  3. Discuss with diagrams the erosional landforms produced by rivers in humid regions.

[133]

  1. What is the concept of golden triangle in reference to corruption?
  2. Describe the various stages of Economic liberalisation in India.
  3. What are the problems faced by the religious minorities in India? Describe.

[134]

  1. Explain Post hoc Mean Comparison Test.
  2. What is Quasi Experimental Design?
  3. Write a note on research characteristics and utility of Chi-square test.

[135]

  1. What are the characteristics of Language?
  2. Describe the steps of Problem Solving.
  3. What are the stages of Creative Problem Solving?

[136]

  1. Write in detail about Big Five-Factor Model of personality.
  2. Throw light on Atkinson approach.
  3. Structure of personality according to Eysenck.

[137]

  1. Describe short-term energy storage system.
  2. Discuss the nature of stress.
  3. Discuss the concept of fluid balance in the body.

[138]

  1. Describe limitations of participant observation.
  2. Explain Research Design. Discuss the importance of research design in social research.
  3. Calculate mean deviation of the given data.

[139]

  1. What are the main causes of energy crisis?
  2. Define Environment. Explain the relationship between environment and ecology.
  3. In what way can the energy crisis in India be managed? Explain.

[140]

  1. State different types of Violence.
  2. What are the sources of Conflict? Discuss.
  3. Explain Non-Violence according to Modern Tradition.

[141]

  1. Write answers on any two of the following: Educational Radio, Satellite Television, Parallel Cinema, Site and Kheda Project.
  2. Focus on the history of world cinema.
  3. Write about Film and Television Institute of India.

[142]

  1. What do you mean by developing country? Describe the features of developing country.
  2. Explain the role of media in development communication.
  3. What is participatory communication? Describe the uses and features of participatory communication.

[143]

  1. Describe Doordarshan as a cultural institution.
  2. Write an essay on intercultural conflict and culture.
  3. Discuss UNESCO's efforts in the promotion of intercultural communication.

[144]

  1. Discuss Bodin's views on State.
  2. Explain Rousseau's concept of freedom.
  3. Interpret the statement: 'Man is born free but is everywhere in chains.'

[145]

  1. What do you mean by New Cold War?
  2. Discuss the differences between Cold War and New Cold War.
  3. Discuss the causes of the emergence of New World Order.

[146]

  1. What is discourse of Pasmanda Muslim?
  2. Discuss, How Indian Politics has influenced Caste and Caste to Indian Politics.
  3. What do you mean by National Integration? Discuss that to what extent efforts have been made so far in this direction in Indian political system.

[147]

  1. Describe the nature and methods of Problem Solving.
  2. Define Concept Formation and discuss Levine's theory of Hypothesis Testing.
  3. Throw light on the role of Language in Thinking.

[148]

  1. Write about the development of Hindi Cinema in India.
  2. What do you understand about Interview? Focus in detail about types of TV Interview.
  3. Discuss the interrelationship of TV and market.

[149]

  1. Write short notes on any two of the following: Problems of development, Development Communication and New Media, Niti Aayog, Beti Bachao Beti Padhao.
  2. What do you mean by Traditional Media? Focus on the role of Traditional Media in Rural Development.
  3. What do you understand by democratic decentralization? Write its importance.

[150]

  1. Define Public Relations and explain its suitability in the changing scenario.
  2. Prepare a plan of House Journal for your University.
  3. What is the role of Public Relations in Industrial Units?

[151]

  1. Discuss cultural symbols in non-verbal communication.
  2. What is mass culture? Focus on its concept and definition.
  3. Write an article on mass culture and traditional values.

[152]

  1. Discuss the lifestyle of the aristocracy during the Sultanate period.
  2. Evaluate the impact of Islam on Indian Society.
  3. Describe the contribution of Kabir and Guru Nanak in the promotion of Hindu-Muslim unity.

[153]

  1. How far was Firoz Tughlaq responsible for the downfall of Tughlaq dynasty?
  2. How far was Ibrahim Lodi responsible for the downfall of Lodi dynasty?
  3. Write short notes on: Caliph, Amir Khusro, Transfer of capital, First Battle of Panipat (1526).

[154]

  1. Discuss the causes for the annexation of Sindh by the British.
  2. Write a note on Anglo-Nepalese relations during the rule of Lord Hastings.
  3. Write short notes on: Lord Minto, The Anglo-Sikh War of 1845-46, Treaty of Sugauli (1816), Pindaris.

[155]

  1. Discuss the Anglo-Russian Entente (1907).
  2. Evaluate the foreign policy of Britain before the First World War.
  3. Discuss the conquest of Manchuria by Japan and its importance in world politics.

[156]

  1. Describe the importance of Food Security Act, 2013.
  2. Examine the main role of State.
  3. Write a comment on MANREGA, 2006.

[157]

  1. What are the principles of Indian foreign policy?
  2. Discuss the principles of Panchsheel.
  3. Describe the determining factors of India's foreign policy.

[158]

  1. Elaborate 'space' in the poem 'Failure of Communication'.
  2. Bring out the central concept of the poem 'I Am Not That Woman'.
  3. Highlight the theme of wealth and corruption in Atwood's 'The Blind Assassin'.

[159]

  1. What do you mean by Formalist Criticism?
  2. What differences do you find between Colonialism and Postcolonialism?
  3. What is Postcolonial Theory? Discuss the central and recurrent issues in Postcolonial Studies.

[160]

  1. Translate the provided Hindi paragraph into English.
  2. Translate the provided English paragraph into Hindi.
  3. What are the advantages of machine translation?

[161]

  1. Write a short note on Post Colonial Theory.
  2. Briefly discuss how Rohinton Mistry exposes the evil of Emergency in 'A Fine Balance'.
  3. Write a summary of Chinua Achebe's discourse on colonialist criticism.

[162]

  1. Explain Marxian doctrine of Dictatorship of the proletariat class.
  2. Discuss Marx's theory of Surplus Value.
  3. Discuss the Political thought of Mao.

[163]

  1. Present a brief description of Raven's Progressive Matrices.
  2. Write a short note on emerging trends in Organizational Behaviour.
  3. Discuss the Expectancy theory of motivation.

[164]

  1. Define Axis - V under DSM-IV-TR.
  2. What is Seasonal Affective Disorder?
  3. Write in detail about unipolar disorder.

[165]

  1. Explain the establishment of rapport.
  2. Define the meaning of reliability of a test.
  3. Describe the importance of item analysis.

[166]

  1. What is the correlation study?
  2. What is the attribution of success?
  3. Explain the meaning of attribution.

[167]

  1. Explain the Posner's approach of International trade.
  2. What are the necessary conditions for the success of international cartel?
  3. Explain the concept of Optimum currency area.

[168]

  1. What is meant by Logistic Curve?
  2. Discuss the importance of moving average method in time series analysis.
  3. The demand function of two commodities A and B are given along with their supply functions. Find equilibrium prices and equilibrium quantities exchanged in the market.

[169]

  1. Describe the Poverty Index of A.K. Sen.
  2. Give details of the Log-normal distribution and Pareto distribution used in describing the income distribution and make comparison between them.
  3. The demand function of two commodities A and B are given along with their supply functions. Find equilibrium prices and equilibrium quantities exchanged in the market.

[170]

  1. Discuss the importance of moving average method in time series analysis.
  2. Explain the use of Cross-Section data in demand analysis with the help of suitable example.
  3. Define Gini Coefficient with the help of Lorenz curve. Prove that value of Gini equals twice the area in between line of equality and Lorenz curve.

[171]

  1. Translate into Hindi any two of the following: (a) (b) (c)
  2. Translate into Hindi any two of the following: (a) (b) , , (c) , ,
  3. Translate into Hindi any two of the following: (a) (b) (c) ,

[172]

  1. Describe the causal organism, symptoms, and control measures of the following diseases: Late blight of potato, Citrus canker, Yellow vein mosaic of bhindi.
  2. What is mycorrhiza? Describe the nature, distribution, and significance of ectomycorrhiza and endomycorrhiza.
  3. Describe major fungal diseases of vegetable crops in your locality.

[173]

  1. Which literary work is referred to as the jewel box of Hindi literature?
  2. Why did Bhushan describe Aurangzeb as an incarnation of a demon?
  3. Explain the emotional and expressive aspects of Jayasi's poetry.

[174]

  1. Who was Sarhapa? Mention the period he belonged to and name his work.
  2. How did Ram renounce Ayodhya and its inhabitants while leaving for the forest?
  3. List the main patrons of poet Bhushan.

[175]

  1. What punishment is given to women for the crime of love, according to Koma?
  2. Based on the play 'Dhruvaswamini', provide a character analysis of the heroine.
  3. Discuss the contribution of Dr. Ramkumar Verma to the development of one-act plays.

[176]

  1. Translate two of the provided Sanskrit verses into Hindi.
  2. Mention a work written by Bharavi.
  3. Who is the author of 'Kadambari'?

[177]

  1. Define 'Tippan' and explain its main types.
  2. Provide the commentary of a student union formation application submitted to the principal.
  3. Correct any five of the following sentences: (a) Ban upyogi shastra hai. (b) Ramashankar nitya gane ki kasrat karta hai. (c) Ghoda zor se chilla raha tha. (d) Ek phoolon ki mala bhagwan par chadha do. (e) Wah, main aur tum film dekhne chalenge. (f) Chowkidar par chor hone ki shanka hai. (g) Mohan maha kanjoos hai. (h) Mobile mej par dal do. (i) Kuch vyapariyon ne corona-kal mein bahut rupaye kamaye. (j) Shyam sajjan aadmi hain.

[178]

  1. If 5 students scored 3, 5, 4, 6, and 7 in Hindi, what is their average score?
  2. Who received the 'Indira Gandhi Prize-2020'?
  3. When was the Non-cooperation Movement started under Mahatma Gandhi's leadership?

[179]

  1. Translate the following lines into Hindi: 'The culture teaches discipline and moral values which, need to be carried everywhere when you are exposed to the world. India is a country that boasts of a rich culture.'
  2. What does 'Machete' symbolize in 'The Hunt'?
  3. Analyse the drama 'Kanyadan' by Vijay Tendulkar.

[180]

  1. What kind of book is the history of Hindi literature?
  2. In which university was Ramdhari Singh Dinkar a professor and head of Hindi?
  3. When was Ramdhari Singh Dinkar the Hindi advisor for the Indian government?

[181]

  1. Who wrote the essay 'Utsaha'?
  2. Which is the most famous work of Adi Shankaracharya?
  3. Write about the significance of 'Ahimsa Paramo Dharma'.

[182]

  1. Which aspects of the Hindi essay 'Utsaha' are highlighted?
  2. What is the real name of Mahatma Gandhi?
  3. What was the time period of the Indus civilization?

[183]

  1. In the poem 'Swatantrata Pukarti,' whom does liberty call upon?
  2. Describe the schools established during the reign of King Bhoj.
  3. Define synonyms and provide five examples.

[184]

  1. Provide a brief introduction of the poet Padmakar.
  2. Discuss the authenticity of the statement 'Ghananand is a poet of love.'
  3. Analyze the verse depicting Tulsi's devotion to God.

[185]

  1. Translate any two sentences into Hindi.
  2. Translate any five Hindi sentences into Sanskrit.
  3. Write an introduction to Agni Sukta or Shiva Sankalp Sukta.

[186]

  1. What was Buddha's response regarding divine existence?
  2. What is the purpose of the story 'Namak Ka Daroga'?
  3. Elaborate on the statement 'Disciplined life is the only life.'

[187]

  1. What does 'mental slavery' signify?
  2. What is diffraction? Explain with examples.
  3. Explain the beauty of emotions in the poem 'Chitt Jahan Bhavvihin'.

[188]

  1. Review the importance of Munshi Premchand's storytelling in Hindi literature.
  2. Provide arguments in favor of Hindi being India's national language.
  3. Briefly describe the development journey of Hindi novels.

[189]

  1. Describe the contributions of Dushyant Kumar Tyagi to the Hindi Ghazal genre.
  2. Discuss the characteristics of Progressive Poetry.
  3. Prove that Agyeya is an experimental poet based on his poetic qualities.

[190]

  1. Illuminate the importance of Hindi Varna Vinyaas.
  2. Explain Hindi punctuation marks with examples.
  3. Why does the desire for singing arise during the wind of Phagunahat?

[191]

  1. Based on the story 'Chief Ki Dawat', describe the current state of elderly family members.
  2. List the members of the Solar System.
  3. Perform Sandhi Vichhed for the following words: Mahendra, Vidyalaya, Dehant, Parameshwar, Maharshi, Swagat, Saccharitra.

[192]

  1. What is meant by 'Mental Slavery'?
  2. Explain the emotions represented by Exclamatory Punctuation Marks with examples.
  3. Perform Sandhi Vichhed for the following words: Mahendra, Vidyalaya, Dehant, Parameshwar, Maharshi, Swagat, Saccharitra.

[193]

  1. Translate the passage into Hindi: 'The Indian civilization has always been based on religions and moral values. Herein lays its unity and strength. Indian culture has remained alive and dynamic because it has always been tolerant of different cultures.'
  2. What happened when Hamid gave the tongs to his grandmother?
  3. Write a letter to your friend congratulating him on his success in the examination.

[194]

  1. What is the central sentiment of Bharatendu Harishchandra's literature?
  2. What are the poetic features of Jaishankar Prasad?
  3. What is Chhayavaad? Write about the main poets and features of this period.

[195]

  1. Provide an introduction to Eastern or Western Hindi dialects.
  2. Describe the different forms of the Hindi language.
  3. Write the features of modern Hindi poetry and provide an introduction to the works of two prominent poets.

[196]

  1. Discuss the various forms of the Hindi language.
  2. Illuminate Vinoba Bhave's thoughts on 'villages being the true place of service'.
  3. Define abbreviation and explain its features and utility.

[197]

  1. What new thought and style did Muktibodh bring to Hindi poetry?
  2. Critically evaluate Agyeya's poetic craftsmanship and his role in modern Hindi poetry.
  3. Mention four characteristics of contemporary Hindi poetry.

[198]

  1. Write in short about the development of Hindi Literature in Mughal period.
  2. Write a short note on the painting during Jahangir's time.
  3. Describe in detail the sources of History of Mughal Period.

[199]

  1. Who is the character 'Gajadhar Babu' in 'Wapasi'?
  2. Who is the author of 'Angan Ka Panchhi'?
  3. Discuss the significance of blogging and vlogging.

[200]

  1. Who was Swami Vivekananda's guru?
  2. What is the name of the monastery founded by Vivekananda?
  3. Discuss the significance of blogging and vlogging.

[201]

  1. Explain the various forms of the Hindi language.
  2. Describe the humanitarian view of Buddhism.
  3. What is a circular? Write its features.

[202]

  1. Which was the first Hindi newspaper?
  2. When was Hindi declared as the official language?
  3. How many types of words are found in the Hindi vocabulary? Describe with examples.

[203]

  1. Express your thoughts on 'Global Village'.
  2. Highlight the usefulness of translation.
  3. Write about different dimensions of journalism.

[204]

  1. What efforts should be made for the progressive enrichment of the Hindi language?
  2. Throw light on the vocabulary of Hindi.
  3. What is the true form of social service?

[205]

  1. What are the prominent folk paintings of Bundelkhand?
  2. What do you understand by mass communication?
  3. Why is the telephone called a gift of science?

[206]

  1. Why was the cherry tree so special for Raki?
  2. Why did the giant's heart melt on seeing the children?
  3. What is the message of the essay \"On the Rule of the road\"?

[207]

  1. Explain the features of Mahadevi Verma's poetry.
  2. Describe the biography of Bhaiyalal Vyas.
  3. Provide the biography of Lakshminarayan Mishra.

[208]

  1. Explain the poetic features of Sudama 'Sharad'.
  2. Introduce Lakshminarayan Mishra's literary works.
  3. Comment on Bharatendu Harishchandra's prose.

[209]

  1. Prove that Lakshmi Narayan Mishra is a realist.
  2. What do you know about Bharatendu Harishchandra?
  3. Write the characteristics of one-act plays by Lakshmi Narayan Lal.

[210]

  1. Explain the poetic features of Sudama 'Sharad'.
  2. Introduce Lakshminarayan Mishra's literary works.
  3. Write an essay on Mohan Rakesh's poetic language.

[211]

  1. Describe the biography of Bhaiyalal Vyas.
  2. Highlight the language style of Dr. Durgesh Dixit.
  3. Discuss the language style of Dr. Lakshminarayan Lal.

[212]

  1. Prove that Lakshmi Narayan Mishra is a realist.
  2. Write the characteristics of one-act plays by Lakshmi Narayan Lal.
  3. What do you know about Mohan Rakesh's dramas?

[213]

  1. What is meant by 'Rajbhasha'? Explain.
  2. What is meant by 'Matribhasha'? Explain.
  3. What is an office letter?

[214]

  1. What are the diverse forms of Hindi language? Explain in detail.
  2. What is prcis writing? Highlight the characteristics of good prcis writing.
  3. Illuminate the development of Bundeli language.

[215]

  1. Discuss the importance of English in your life or the World Hindi Summit or Social Media.
  2. Write the meaning of the poem 'Swatantrata Pukarti'.
  3. Give antonyms for high, freedom, and perfection.

[216]

  1. Who is called 'Ek Bharatiya Atma'? Write two main works by this poet.
  2. Explain the essence of the poem 'Pushp ki Abhilasha'.
  3. Discuss the central theme of the poem 'Akaal aur Uske Baad'.

[217]

  1. Who did Swami Vivekananda thank in his address?
  2. Explain the types of Sandhi with examples.
  3. Write the message of the 'Chicago Vyakhyan' in your own words.

[218]

  1. How many types of signs are used in the Hindi language?
  2. Write about the planets in the solar system.
  3. Describe the unique features of the squirrel and its origin.

[219]

  1. Why is forgiveness considered a divine quality?
  2. What message does Narayan convey through 'The Axe'?
  3. Translate the given passage into English.

[220]

  1. : " - , , "

[221]

  1. Highlight the development of Hindi dramas.
  2. Discuss the origin and evolution of Hindi one-act plays.
  3. Discuss the development of sketches.

[222]

  1. How should the Hindi teacher provide silent reading education to the student?
  2. Define scaffolding in reading skill.
  3. Mention in detail some autobiographical narratives that you have read and reflected upon.

[223]

  1. Explain legal words or sentences either in Hindi or English.
  2. Write an essay in Hindi on topics such as public interest litigation or environmental protection.
  3. Write a letter in Hindi to the District Magistrate to ban loudspeakers during exams.

[224]

  1. Who used the word 'Swaraj' first and accepted Hindi as the National language?
  2. Who is the author of the book 'Geeta Rahasya'?
  3. Who was the first Governor-General of free India?

[225]

  1. What is Shri Kant Verma's interview collection titled?
  2. Which book is not by Hazari Prasad Dwivedi?
  3. Which institution was linked closely with Hazari Dwivedi?

[226]

  1. Introduce the works of Jagannathdas Ratnakar.
  2. Highlight the poetic characteristics of Gaya Prasad Shukla 'Sanehi'.
  3. Elucidate the origin, region, and characteristics of Braj Bhasha.

[227]

  1. Explain the contribution of experimental poets in the development of Hindi literature.
  2. Write the essence of the poem 'Srijana Ke Kshan' in your own words.
  3. Prove that 'Nagarjun's poetry illustrates satire and anger'.

[228]

  1. Discuss the origin and development of Hindi short stories.
  2. Discuss Heera Bai's character traits in the story 'Teesri Kasam'.
  3. What is the purpose of the story 'Chief Ki Dawat'?

[229]

  1. Which section of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 relates to public servants being bribed?
  2. When did the SC and ST Act, 1989 come into force?
  3. Who is the chairperson of NCW?

[230]

  1. What is the minimum age of marriage for girls under the Hindu Marriage Act?
  2. What does the Equal Remuneration Act, 1976 ensure?
  3. What does the Domestic Violence Act cover?

[231]

  1. Minimum Age Convention fixes the minimum age for entering employment.
  2. UN Declaration of Rights of Child, 1924, titled as Geneva Declaration, was adopted by the League of Nations.
  3. Mines Act prohibits employment of children below the age of 18 years in underground mines.

[232]

  1. Translate a given Hindi sentence into English.
  2. Distinguish between British English and American English.
  3. Write an essay on Rule of Law or Indian Democracy.

[233]

  1. Whose statement is 'Sociology is the science of social relations'?
  2. Who was the permanent chairman of the Constitution Assembly?
  3. What are the basic principles of Indian democracy?

[234]

  1. What is the similarity in heredity of identical twins?
  2. Who proposed the theory of identical elements of transfer of learning?
  3. What does the expression 'Building an air palace' exemplify?

[235]

  1. What does the term Negative Education refer to?
  2. Where did Rabindranath Tagore establish a school?
  3. According to idealism, what is an ideal of education?

[236]

  1. Which year was declared as International Year of Disabled persons?
  2. The deaf children have problems in which parts of the ear?
  3. By which year NEP 2020 aims to provide quality and inclusive education to every child of age group 3-18 years?

[237]

  1. Which value did Mahatma Gandhi believe the most in?
  2. What is the most important clause of NATO Article 5?
  3. Who gave the slogan 'Delhi Chalo'?

[238]

  1. Describe Cooley's theory of sociology.
  2. What do you mean by the sociological basis of education? Explain the importance of educational sociology.
  3. Elaborate the theory of socialization by Cooley. How can this theory be in the context of Indian society?

[239]

  1. Describe the guidance functions of a classroom teacher.
  2. Explain the need for counselling and the relationship between counsellor and counsellee.
  3. Describe different techniques of guidance and clarify their uses.

[240]

  1. What was the medium of education during Buddhist Period?
  2. What was the amount estimated for the Sargent Plan?
  3. Which university first started open education in India?

[241]

  1. What is educational administration described as?
  2. What are the main elements of the organizational process?
  3. Who first recommended grant-in-aid to educational institutions in India?

[242]

  1. What are the types of physical obstruction?
  2. Who proposed the concept of multisensory teaching?
  3. What does UNCRPD stand for?

[243]

  1. Main focus in teacher education.
  2. Education nature in context of population education.
  3. Aspect not emphasized in distance teacher education.

[244]

  1. What is economic integration between regional countries for non-members called?
  2. What factors affect exchange rates?
  3. Under which ministry do imports and exports come in India?

[245]

  1. Explain the process of tax liability computation for companies.
  2. Describe the procedure for filing corporate income tax returns.
  3. Explain the role of indirect taxes in business operations.

[246]

  1. What is the role of advertising in promoting sales?
  2. What economic factors affect consumer behavior?
  3. What are the principles of sales?

[247]

  1. What is an example of a hidden advertisement?
  2. What does POP stand for?
  3. What type of promotion is related to discounts?

[248]

  1. What are the characteristics of a valid trade mark under the Trade Marks Act, 1999?
  2. Can generic terms like 'cup' be registered as trade marks?
  3. What is the function of certification marks?

[249]

  1. Incomes like domestic company dividends and exemptions.
  2. Items deductible from gross salary like professional tax.
  3. Time limits for applying for GST registration.

[250]

  1. What is 'Sexual Harassment' as defined under Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act, 2013?
  2. Who can appoint Dowry Prohibition Officer?
  3. Section 23 of Domestic Violence Act, 2005 provides for the power to grant interim and ex-parte orders.

[251]

  1. Which theory of punishment condemns all kinds of corporal punishment?
  2. Did ancient penal law in India emphasize penance and self-purification of the offender?
  3. Who compensates crime victims when offenders are not identified or traced?

[252]

  1. When did the Supreme Court reject all appeals by Zamindars?
  2. In which year were the rules under the U.P. Revenue Code 2006 implemented?
  3. What section of the revenue code restricts foreigners from obtaining land by sale or gift?

[253]

  1. Who was the first Indian to speak in Hindi before the UN General Assembly?
  2. Identify one of the official languages of the UN.
  3. When did the Second World War end?

[254]

  1. What was the role of Greeks and Romans in health and life insurance?
  2. What types of risks are covered under insurance?
  3. What is the concept of reinsurance?

[255]

  1. Who said 'Trust is the very centre and kernel of Equity'?
  2. Can a trust be created on behalf of a minor?
  3. Which types of trusts are void?

[256]

  1. How many judges serve in the International Criminal Court?
  2. When was the international tribunal related to violations of International Humanitarian Law in Yugoslavia established?
  3. What is the difference between humanitarian intervention and humanitarian assistance?

[257]

  1. Which statement about Hindi and English as languages is correct?
  2. What is the official language of the union of India?
  3. Translate and explain the maxim: 'Let the buyer beware.'

[258]

  1. Section 13 of the IT Act deals with what?
  2. Unauthorized use of trademarks is referred to as what?
  3. What does the first schedule of the IT Act pertain to?

[259]

  1. Write a detailed note on the evolution of taxation in India.
  2. Critically examine the provisions relating to inter-government tax immunities with the help of decided case laws.
  3. In light of the statement 'The evil of black money has no geographical limitations,' suggest measures to eradicate the problem of black money.

[260]

  1. Under which section is the request for obtaining information outlined?
  2. What qualities does the long title of the RTI Act promote?
  3. Who is part of the appointment committee for the Central Information Commissioner?

[261]

  1. What rights are granted to a bhumidhar with transferable rights under the 2006 code?
  2. What is the procedure for mutation by way of transfer in this code?
  3. What is the role of the land management committee?

[262]

  1. What is Copyright in Musical work?
  2. What are the modes of Copyright?
  3. Write a note on World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and Copyright.

[263]

  1. Which article discusses net proceeds?
  2. Which part of the constitution contains the right to property?
  3. What does the Income Tax Act contain?

[264]

  1. Under which section are reliefs in action for infringement provided?
  2. What is the principle of 'Res Judicata' regarding previously adjudicated matters?
  3. What does 'Patentee' mean in Latin?

[265]

  1. What is related to the educational rights of minorities as per Article 30?
  2. What are the responsibilities outlined in Section 9 of the RTE Act?
  3. Which case declared education as a fundamental right within the meaning of Article 21 of the Constitution?

[266]

  1. Who authored the book 'Province of Jurisprudence Determined'?
  2. Which thinker focused on the rules as a legal system's foundation?
  3. Who defined Jurisprudence as knowledge of divine and human things?

[267]

  1. How many Indian companies are included in the SENSEX?
  2. What provisions are in Section 12 of the SEBI Act, 1992?
  3. What types of foreign investments exist?

[268]

  1. What does 'Noscitur a sociis' mean?
  2. What do you mean by 'preamble'?
  3. From which date is a statute deemed to have come into force?

[269]

  1. Which international convention is India not a party to?
  2. Who can order the removal of a member of the NHRC?
  3. The Chairman of the National Commission on Minorities is deemed a member of which body?

[270]

  1. Who made the key recommendations for the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code?
  2. What is the meaning of security interest as per the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code?
  3. What is the time period for completing the Fast Track Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process?

[271]

  1. How many sections are included in FEMA?
  2. What is the role of a bank in cheque collection transactions?
  3. What elements constitute a valid cheque?

[272]

  1. Which article of the Indian Constitution exempts Union property from State taxation?
  2. What defines a person under the Income Tax Act?
  3. In which section is 'Total income' defined under the Income Tax Act?

[273]

  1. When did the Patents (Amendment) Act, 1999 come into force?
  2. Which section defines 'Inventive step' in the Patents Act?
  3. Which section defines 'Pharmaceutical substance'?

[274]

  1. What is included under 'Record'?
  2. Which section provides protection for actions taken in good faith?
  3. Which organs fall under the RTI Act's purview?

[275]

  1. Education is a subject matter of which list of the 7th schedule of the Indian Constitution?
  2. In which year was Article 21A added to the Indian Constitution?
  3. Is the Anganwadi record valid proof of age for admission?

[276]

  1. What share of the produce of the land was entitled to the king during the Hindu period?
  2. Which entities have been included as 'Revenue Court' in the U.P. Revenue Code 2006?
  3. What is the meaning of mutation under the U.P. Revenue Code 2006?

[277]

  1. Which notable works relate to the study of law, such as 'The Province and Function of Law'?
  2. How does jurisprudence connect to ideas such as natural law?
  3. What represents the analytical school's command theory?

[278]

  1. Who are the primary investment intermediaries in mutual funds?
  2. Which organization holds securities of investors in electronic form?
  3. What are the fluctuations responsible for changes in SENSEX?

[279]

  1. What is the meaning of the term 'Bancus'?
  2. What characterizes an endorsement as being 'in full'?
  3. How much imprisonment may be given for dishonor of cheque?

[280]

  1. Distinguish between cognizable and non-cognizable offence.
  2. When any Court may refer any case pending before it to the High Court?
  3. Discuss the special power of High Court regarding bail.

[281]

  1. How many articles are there in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?
  2. Are the provisions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights binding on states?
  3. Which U.N. organ governs the Commission on Human Rights?

[282]

  1. What are private statutes based upon?
  2. What role does a preamble play in interpreting statutes?
  3. Explain the term 'Obiter Dicta' and its importance in case law.

[283]

  1. Discuss the difference between Preliminary Decree and Final Decree.
  2. What do you mean by 'Review'?
  3. What do you mean by First Appeal? Explain the jurisdiction/powers of First Appellate Court in detail.

[284]

  1. Explain the Right of Redemption.
  2. Explain 'Transfer by unauthorized person.'
  3. Discuss the necessary conditions required for acquiring an easementary right by prescription.

[285]

  1. What do you know about 'Arbitration'? What are the rules and conditions to the appointment of Arbitration's?
  2. What do you mean by Retrenchment? What is the difference between retrenchment and lay-off?
  3. Is registration of trade union compulsory under the Trade Union Act? Is it entitled to claim privileges and immunities even if it is unregistered? What are the privileges and immunities of the Trade Union?

[286]

  1. Define share and share capital.
  2. Explain the Doctrine of Indoor Management.
  3. What is Voluntary winding up?

[287]

  1. What measures have been taken in India for the protection of the environment?
  2. What is the National Environmental Tribunal?
  3. What do you understand by environmental pollution?

[288]

  1. Discuss the liability of Government for the torts committed by its employees in the course of employment.
  2. What are the functions of Vigilance Commission?
  3. What do you understand by Delegated Legislation? Explain its constitutionality.

[289]

  1. Explain the term 'Things attached to the earth'.
  2. What is the Doctrine of 'Lis-pendens'?
  3. Critically examine the Doctrine of Election with reference to its applicability to 'Onerous Gift'.

[290]

  1. Strike under Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.
  2. What do you know about Arbitration? What are the rules and conditions to the appointment of Arbitrators?
  3. What is the remedy if registration is refused to a union under the provisions of Trade Union Act, 1926?

[291]

  1. What measures have been taken in India for the protection of the environment?
  2. Is the right to a clean and healthy environment a fundamental right?
  3. Describe the constitution, function, and power of the Central Board for Prevention and Control of Air Pollution.

[292]

  1. What is the difference between Strike and Lock-out? Explain.
  2. Whether a Trade Union has the power to build a separate fund for political purposes? Explain.
  3. Explain the rights and duties of a registered Trade Union under the Trade Union Act, 1926.

[293]

  1. Differentiate between Mortgage and Charge.
  2. Differentiate between a Contingent Interest and Vested Interest.
  3. Define Gift and discuss the essentials of a valid Gift. Under what circumstances can a gift be suspended or revoked?

[294]

  1. Write a short note on Conditional legislation.
  2. Comment upon the 'Doctrine of Bias'.
  3. Discuss the doctrine of 'Audi alteram partem rule'.

[295]

  1. What do you mean by Private Company?
  2. Differentiate between a private company and public company.
  3. Discuss the rule of lifting of corporate veil in detail.

[296]

  1. Discuss the confiscation of forest produce.
  2. Describe the object of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.
  3. Discuss the power of the Central Government to take measures to protect the environment under the Environment Protection Act, 1986.

[297]

  1. What do you understand by statement in lieu of prospectus?
  2. Can a minor become a member of a company?
  3. What do you mean by winding up of a company? Discuss the Voluntary winding up of a company.

[298]

  1. What is the Writ of Mandamus?
  2. Discuss Lokpal and its importance.
  3. What is the Rule against Bias?

[299]

  1. Define prospectus and state its importance.
  2. Define Memorandum of Association and state its importance.
  3. How is the interest of minority shareholders protected against mismanagement of company under the Act?

[300]

  1. Discuss the borrowing power of the Board.
  2. What do you understand by deforestation?
  3. What are the objectives of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act?

[301]

  1. What is political fund under Trade Union Act, 1926?
  2. Examine the rights and liabilities of registered trade union under Trade Union Act, 1926.
  3. What is the law to withdraw recognition from a registered trade union under Registered Trade Union Act, 1926?

[302]

  1. Explain and differentiate between 'Transfer Intervivos' and 'Transfer by will'.
  2. Differentiate between 'Mortgage' and 'Charge'.
  3. Define 'Mortgage' and point out its essentials. Describe in detail any two types of Mortgage.

[303]

  1. What is meant by reasonable opportunity?
  2. What do you understand by Delegated Legislation? Explain its constitutionality.
  3. Discuss the nature and scope of writ of Mandamus.

[304]

  1. Differentiate between charge and mortgage.
  2. Under what circumstances a lease terminates?
  3. What is meant by fraudulent transfer? Discuss the law relating to fraudulent transfer as enunciated in Section 53 of the Transfer of Property Act. Cite relevant case laws.

[305]

  1. Explain the essential conditions and procedure for registration of a Trade Union.
  2. What is political fund under the Trade Union Act, 1926?
  3. Distinguish between lay-off and Retrenchment. Is it necessary to seek prior permission from the government before sending on lay-off?

[306]

  1. What is meant by Reasoned Decision?
  2. Explain the Doctrine of Promissory Estoppel.
  3. Explain the Doctrine of Separation of Powers with special reference to India.

[307]

  1. Write a short note on State Air Laboratory.
  2. Write a short note on Cognizance of offences under Environment Protection Act, 1986.
  3. Discuss the powers of Central Government to take measures to protect Environment under Environment Protection Act, 1986.

[308]

  1. What do you mean by Corporate veil?
  2. What do you understand by the Article of Association? What are the contents of it? Explain.
  3. Can a suit be filed against that company for false statements in the prospectus? Can the Board of Directors be held liable? Discuss the liability if any.

[309]

  1. Whether 'Spes Successionis' can be transferred?
  2. Explain the 'Doctrine of Part-Performance'.
  3. Describe the 'Doctrine of Election'.

[310]

  1. Explain 'Voting by Proxy'. Whether such voting is valid?
  2. What is meant by 'Mis-statement in Prospectus'? Describe the Civil and Criminal remedies available to the aggrieved party against the Directors of the company for such mis-statement.
  3. Under the Companies Act what remedy a minority shareholder possesses when his personal rights are violated by majority shareholders?

[311]

  1. When does an Individual dispute become an Industrial dispute?
  2. What are the privileges of a Registered Trade Union?
  3. Critically analyze the statement 'Labour Legislation is a means to secure economic and social justice to labourers' in the era of liberalism and new economic policy.

[312]

  1. Write a comment on the general background of Environmental Law.
  2. Describe the importance of Sustainable Development.
  3. Define Noise Pollution and explain Judicial control to prevent this pollution.

[313]

  1. What do you understand by Notice?
  2. Discuss the concept of Ostensible Owner.
  3. How clog on redemption is operative under the Transfer of Property Act?

[314]

  1. 'Award' under Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.
  2. What is 'Industrial Dispute'? When can an individual dispute become an industrial dispute?
  3. Examine the rights and liabilities of a registered trade union under Trade Union Act, 1926.

[315]

  1. Comment on the meaning and philosophy of Environment.
  2. Write a short note on cognizance of offences under Environment Protection Act, 1986.
  3. Write a comment on State Pollution Control Board under Water Act, 1974.

[316]

  1. What is the rule against bias?
  2. Write a short note on Lokpal.
  3. Discuss the reasons for the growth of Administrative Law along with the establishment of the welfare state.

[317]

  1. With reference to Company Meetings differentiate between Ordinary and Special Resolutions.
  2. Describe the rule 'The Decision of Majority is foremost and acceptable to one and all.' Elaborate on this rule and discuss the exceptions legally made to protect the interests of minority shareholders.
  3. Describe the procedure of voluntary winding-up of a company and point out legal effects of such winding-up.

[318]

  1. Discuss through decided cases, the right of clean and healthy environment included in right to life under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution.
  2. Define Air Pollution. Is acid rain included in air pollution? Describe in detail.
  3. Explain in detail the doctrine 'Sustainable Development'.

[319]

  1. Explain doctrine of Indoor Management.
  2. What is the advantage of incorporation of a company?
  3. Write a critical note on the relationship between Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association.

[320]

  1. When does strike become illegal?
  2. When can the registration of a Trade Union be revoked?
  3. Explain Retrenchment. Does Termination of Service amount to Retrenchment? When does it become necessary to take prior permission of government for Retrenchment?

[321]

  1. Point out the essential conditions for transfer of property.
  2. Explain the principle of "Clog on Redemption".
  3. Explain the general rule that "Property of every kind can be transferred". Point out and describe the exceptions of this rule.

[322]

  1. Write a short note on 'Rule of Law'.
  2. Discuss the nature and scope of Administrative Tribunal.
  3. Explain the liability of state for breach of contract.

[323]

  1. Does Trade Union have power to build separate fund for political purposes?
  2. Explain Industry within the meaning of Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. Describe whether a Hospital is an industry with the help of decided cases.
  3. Write an essay on development and movement of Trade Union in India.

[324]

  1. Write a short note on 'Rule of Law'.
  2. Distinguish between Writ of Prohibition and Writ of Certiorari.
  3. Write short notes on the following: (i) Public Interest Litigation (ii) Nobody can be a judge in his own case.

[325]

  1. What are the consequences of non-recognition of a state?
  2. What do you mean by State?
  3. Distinguish between 'De-facto' and 'De-jure' recognition giving suitable illustrations.

[326]

  1. What is the effect of a valid contract?
  2. Under what conditions can a writ of mandamus be issued?
  3. Under what grounds may a writ of certiorari be issued?

[327]

  1. Explain the essential elements of the contract of indemnity. What damages can the promisee recover from the promisor?
  2. Define the term Guarantee and explain its essential elements.
  3. Define Pledge. Discuss the rights of Pawnee.

[328]

  1. Whether an advocate is guilty of professional misconduct if present in the Court with a licensed revolver? Discuss with the help of latest judicial decision.
  2. What do you know about State Bar Council? Discuss its powers and functions.
  3. Explain punishment for Professional Misconduct under Advocates Act.

[329]

  1. Under what circumstances is delivery of possession not essential?
  2. What do you understand by Acknowledgment of Paternity?
  3. What do you understand by Will? Discuss the essential ingredients of a valid will.

[330]

  1. Write short notes on Sapinda relationship.
  2. What are the grounds for divorce under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1956?
  3. Explain the process of partition. When can partition be re-opened?

[331]

  1. Write short notes on Sapinda relationship.
  2. What are the grounds for divorce under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1956?
  3. Discuss the general rule of succession in the case of property of a male Hindu dying intestate according to the Hindu Succession Act, 1956.

[332]

  1. What is the first Geetinayta in Hindi?
  2. Which creation received Hindi's first Jnanpith Award?
  3. Which poet described Chhayavad as 'Moti Si Taralta'?

[333]

  1. What type of poetry is 'Saket'?
  2. Who are Shwetank and Vishaldev disciples of in the novel 'Chitralekha'?
  3. Which prize did Pant Ji receive the Jnanpith Award for?

[334]

  1. What do you understand by Office Hindi? Highlight its objectives.
  2. Define Prayojanmulak Hindi and discuss its structure and importance.
  3. Explain the meaning and structure of documentation and define the method of documentation.

[335]

  1. : ' , , '
  2. : ' , , - , '

[336]

  1. Which of the following brushes is the most thick?
  2. How many colours are there in Ostwald colour circle?
  3. Which pencil draws dark lines?

[337]

  1. What is the Sthayi Bhava of Shringar Rasa?
  2. Which colour has minimum wavelength?
  3. What colour is formed by mixing yellow and blue?

[338]

  1. How many colours are there in a rainbow?
  2. How to construct a square with equal area to a rectangle?
  3. Design a quadrilateral using Indian flower and butterfly shapes with at least three colours.

[339]

  1. How do you write an if-else statement in 'C'?
  2. How many types of AI are there? Write only names.
  3. What is file handling in 'C'? Write any two file handling functions in 'C'.

[340]

  1. Which is a primary colour?
  2. Which number pencil draws light line?
  3. What is the measure of a whole angle?

[341]

  1. With whom did India sign a 20-year treaty of Peace and Friendship in 1971?
  2. Who can dissolve the Legislative Assembly of a state?
  3. Who exercises the actual executive power in India?

[342]

  1. What are the two features of the Indian Constitution?
  2. What do you mean by No-confidence Motion?
  3. Explain the importance of Fundamental Rights of the Indian Constitution.

[343]

  1. Justify the presence of carbohydrate in the given chemical solution (Sucrose or Glucose solution) with the help of a suitable bio-chemical test.
  2. Comment on the museum specimen of Hydra or Ascaris lumbricoides.
  3. Comment on the Fruits: Apple or Orange.

[344]

  1. Differentiate between one-party system and one-party dominance.
  2. Describe the role of multi-party system in India.
  3. What is cold war? How did it originate?

[345]

  1. Write down the Theka of Jhaptaal.
  2. What do you mean by Saptak?
  3. Throw light in detail on the history of music as described in Sangeet Parijat.

[346]

  1. Who wrote 'Ideas That Have Helped Mankind'?
  2. Where does the lady lie?
  3. What does dust stand for in the poem?

[347]

  1. What do you understand by Mahajanapada?
  2. Who was the founder of Haryanka dynasty? What was his period?
  3. Write about cave inscription of Ashoka.

[348]

  1. State any two population problems.
  2. What do you mean by migration?
  3. Write a short note on population problem.

[349]

  1. After how many years is the census conducted in India?
  2. Which is a megacity in India?
  3. How many types of internal migration are there?

[350]

  1. Name any two Union Territories.
  2. Name two diseases caused by air pollution.
  3. Write a short note on water pollution.

[351]

  1. Answer questions about Mahatma Gandhi's work for farmers in Bihar.
  2. What is the business of education?
  3. How did ancestors enjoy true 'Home Rule'?

[352]

  1. What do you understand by gene pool?
  2. Explain the law of segregation.
  3. What do you understand by phenotype and genotype? Give an example of each.

[353]

  1. Where does internal fertilization occur in plants?
  2. What is the role of tissue culture in vegetative reproduction?
  3. What is reproduction? Describe the importance of reproduction in organisms.

[354]

  1. What do you understand by Policy of Non-Alignment?
  2. What were the objectives of the Marshall Plan?
  3. What is meant by 'Shock Therapy'?

[355]

  1. Describe three ways to fight stress.
  2. What is adjustment? How does it affect the lifestyle of a person?
  3. What do you understand by Natural Environment?

[356]

  1. Write two features of the Great Bath of Mohenjodaro.
  2. Describe the extent of Harappan Civilization.
  3. Write the names of any two major literary sources of Mauryan history.

[357]

  1. Write two features of the coins of the Gupta period.
  2. Write the names of two inscriptions of the Gupta period.
  3. What contribution did Aryabhatta make in the field of science?

[358]

  1. What are the Kan and Murki?
  2. What do you understand by Anuvadi swara?
  3. Give full introduction of Raga Bhairav.

[359]

  1. Write an essay on any one of the following: 'A Picnic Party,' 'Climate Change,' 'Elections,' 'India of my Dreams.'
  2. Translate the given sentences into English.
  3. Write a critical appreciation of any one of the following: 'I Have a Dream,' 'To Autumn,' 'An Epitaph.'

[360]

  1. Write the names of two sub-fields of Social geography.
  2. Mention any two pull factors related to migration.
  3. Discuss the demographic transition theory.

[361]

  1. , , , , :

[362]

  1. Provide an overview of Hindi's development before the 19th century.
  2. Write the summary of any two of the following: (a) Roz (b) O Sadanira (Boating episode) (c) Tumul Kolahal Kalah Mein.
  3. Answer the following short questions: (a) What happens when a man adopts the traits of a woman? (b) Why should students participate in politics? (c) What were Gandhiji's ideals related to education? (d) Why is writing a diary difficult? (e) What feeling is hidden in calling a son a cub?

[363]

  1. Write summaries of any two: (a) "Roz" story. (b) Description of the boating episode from "O Sadanira." (c) Write the essence of "Tumul Kolahal Kalah Mein." (d) Analyze the emotions in "Nari Mahavikar" poetic excerpt.
  2. Answer the following short questions: (a) What happens when a man adopts the traits of a woman? (b) Why should students participate in politics? (c) What were Gandhiji's educational ideals? (d) Why is writing a diary difficult? (e) What feeling is hidden in calling a son a cub? (f) What is the poet's meaning behind "common people's face is one"?
  3. Condense the following passage: "Learning English is not harmful, but becoming English by forgetting one's own culture and country is disastrous. Highlight the issues of cultural degradation."

[364]

  1. Write a formal application to the principal for a leaving certificate or a letter to the Chief Minister addressing the problem of floods.
  2. Summarize the passage discussing the caste system in Hindustan and its historical and modern implications.
  3. Provide a brief introduction to the general trends of the Adi Kal or the Bhakti Kal or provide a poetic introduction to Tulsidas or Surdas.

[365]

  1. Describe the thoughts of the poet of 'Kadbak'.
  2. Provide commentary on specified lines from given poems.
  3. Summarize the passage about 'Shishtachar'.

[366]

  1. Summarize the passage about social violence affecting women, workers, and marginalized groups in society.
  2. Write an essay on one of the topics: Election process, Mobile phones, Terrorism, Pollution.
  3. Answer short questions regarding specific individuals and events in history.

[367]

  1. Provide a brief introduction to the division of Hindi literature periods or discuss the general trends of Ritikal or provide a poetic introduction of Sur or Vidyapati.
  2. Write a letter to your friend describing a beautiful place or to the state electricity minister requesting solutions for electricity shortages.
  3. Summarize the passage on the joys of life achieved through labor.

[368]

  1. Provide a brief introduction to the division of Hindi literature periods or discuss the general trends of Ritikal or provide a poetic introduction of Sur or Vidyapati.
  2. Summarize the passage on the joys of life achieved through labor.
  3. Explain the meaning of 'Adhinayak' poem or provide an interpretation of 'Haar-Jeet' poem.

[369]

  1. , , , , , - , -
  2. , - , , , -

[370]

  1. What is the importance of pronunciation teaching in Hindi?
  2. When should silent reading be practiced in Hindi teaching?
  3. What considerations should be kept in mind while constructing the Hindi curriculum?

[371]

  1. Clarify relation of Sanskrit with Hindi.
  2. Need of lesson plan in teaching of Sanskrit.
  3. Describe the methods of Teaching Sanskrit Poetry.

[372]

  1. Explain the utility of punctuation and semi-colon in Hindi teaching.
  2. Throw light on silent reading in Hindi teaching.
  3. State the objectives of Hindi prose teaching.

[373]

  1. What are the techniques used for difficulty removal in Hindi teaching?
  2. What are the key points to be considered in evaluating Hindi textbooks?
  3. Explain the importance of word planning in Hindi teaching.

[374]

  1. Clarify relation of Sanskrit with Hindi literature.
  2. Importance of pronunciation in Sanskrit teaching.
  3. Discuss the Projective and Non-Projective aids of Sanskrit Teaching.

[375]

  1. Differentiate between Divergent and Convergent thinking.
  2. What a teacher will do for the holistic development of his student?
  3. What is moral development in psychology? Describe its development according to Kohelberg. How is its knowledge important for teachers?

[376]

  1. Differentiate between growth and development.
  2. Throw light upon the role of cognition in learning.
  3. Discuss the socio-cultural factors influencing learning.

[377]

  1. What is the meaning of social change?
  2. Discuss the role of neighborhood in development of child.
  3. What are the functions of teacher for the mental development of child?

[378]

  1. What are the differences between growth and development? Explain.
  2. Describe the education-related provisions in the Indian Constitution.
  3. What is the role of education in national integrity and international understanding?

[379]

  1. Discuss the meaning of Upsampada Sanskar.
  2. Describe the basic principles of democracy.
  3. What are the views of the Education Commission on the status of teachers?

[380]

  1. What do you understand by Criterion Referenced test?
  2. What is Continuous Internal assessment? Discuss its merits & demerits.
  3. Write a brief note on grading system with suitable example.

[381]

  1. What is the meaning of validity?
  2. What do you understand by range? Explain with examples.
  3. What suggestions were given to improve the National Focus Group Examination system?

[382]

  1. Give the four characteristics of adolescence.
  2. What are the factors influencing moral development?
  3. Explain the characteristics of cognition.

[383]

  1. What is a question bank?
  2. What is the use of percentiles in education?
  3. Give the characteristics and uses of the normal probability curve.

[384]

  1. Point out the two aims of Education in a normative vision of Indian Education.
  2. Describe the characteristics of Vedic Education.
  3. Analyze the statement: 'Education of the child should be craft-centered.'

[385]

  1. What do you mean by 'Growth'?
  2. How are Caste & Religion helpful in identity formation?
  3. What are the various determinants of 'Identity Formation'?

[386]

  1. Who is the gifted child?
  2. What is meant by learning? What are the major laws of learning given by Thorndike? What is the significance of these learning laws in classroom teaching?
  3. Define intelligence. Explain Two-factor theory of intelligence.

[387]

  1. Compute E.O.Q. and Reorder level using given data.
  2. Explain about any one incentive plan of wage payment using imaginary time and rates.
  3. What do you mean by Inter-process Profit? Give justification of Inter-Process Profit in an organization.

[388]

  1. What are the rules governing the use of proxies?
  2. Set out the different steps in the formation of a limited liability company from promotion to the commencement of business.
  3. What is annual general meeting? What are the legal provisions for holding an annual general meeting? What functions are performed at such meetings?

[389]

  1. What are the objectives of communication?
  2. What do you understand by modern forms of communication? Explain in detail.
  3. How does cultural sensitiveness affect business communication?

[390]

  1. Give journal entries for creating capital redemption reserve account and redemption out of 5,00,000 general reserve for redeemable preference shares.
  2. Explain the calculation of liquidator's remuneration with example.
  3. Describe the procedure of preparing a consolidated balance sheet with a suitable example.

[391]

  1. List the items not to be included in Cost Accounting.
  2. What is under and over absorption?
  3. What do you mean by Piece rate and Time rate system of remunerating the labour? Explain their advantages and disadvantages.

[392]

  1. What are the provisions about remuneration of directors?
  2. What are resolutions requiring special notice?
  3. Explain the methods of registration of an existing company.

[393]

  1. What do you understand by Leadership?
  2. What is the meaning of Communication in management?
  3. What are the principles of decentralisation?

[394]

  1. Define 'Internal economies' of large scale production and discuss the various kinds.
  2. Explain the features of Monopoly and discuss the causes of its emergence.
  3. Explain 'Increasing return to scale' and 'Constant return to scale' with examples.

[395]

  1. Differentiate between Book Keeping and Accounting.
  2. Calculate Royalty, Shortworkings and Surplus using provided data.
  3. Give proforma of Branch Debtors Account and Branch Memorandum Stock Account.

[396]

  1. Explain any four barriers of Communication?
  2. What is Downward Communication, Upward Communication and Horizontal Communication? Explain their advantages and disadvantages?
  3. What is meant by Report? Explain its characteristics?

[397]

  1. Discuss the causes of Unemployment in India.
  2. What is International Monetary Fund? Explain its objectives.
  3. What is Globalization? Explain its characteristics.

[398]

  1. What do you mean by Co-operation?
  2. What do you understand by Development Banks?
  3. Discuss the advantages of the International Monetary Fund.

[399]

  1. Describe the meaning of Consumer Behaviour.
  2. Explain the types of product.
  3. What do you mean by personal selling?

[400]

  1. What do you understand by Classification of Cost?
  2. What is Contract Account? What important points should be borne in mind in its preparation?
  3. Why do you need reconciliation of cost and financial accounts? Explain.

[401]

  1. What do you mean by Prime Cost?
  2. What do you understand by Cost Reconciliation Statement?
  3. How is labour turnover measured? Why is high labour turnover a matter of serious concern to the management?

[402]

  1. Explain the duties of a bailor.
  2. Discuss the rights and duties of a bailee.
  3. What is a negotiable instrument? State essential characteristics and legal presumptions of negotiable instruments.

[403]

  1. What is meant by Share?
  2. What are the sources of buy back of shares?
  3. What journal entries are passed in the books of transferor and transferee companies in case of amalgamation?

[404]

  1. Classify the Green house based on its shape of construction with suitable diagram.
  2. Describe the different types of material handling equipments with their working principle.
  3. Write short notes on the following: Importance of heating and cooling system of Green house, Fluidized bed dryer, L.S.U. dryer, Types of irrigation in Green house.

[405]

  1. Explain the language of honey bees.
  2. Give a list of equipment required for rearing silk worms.
  3. Write in brief about different kinds of silk worms found in India.

[406]

  1. Write in detail about the control of spoilage during storage.
  2. Write in detail about physiological changes during ripening.
  3. Define the term Beverages, their types, and explain the preparation and preservation of unfermented fruit beverages.

[407]

  1. Write the full form of N.P.O.P.
  2. Discuss the importance of earthworms in Indian Agriculture.
  3. Describe the limitations of precision farming.

[408]

  1. Comment on Turf and Astroturf.
  2. Write importance and scope of landscape gardening in Indian context.
  3. What do you mean by horticultural classification of trees? Discuss different planting schemes for roadside plantation.

[409]

  1. Write common and botanical name of tree giving fodder, edible pods, resin and oil, seeds.
  2. Give the common and botanical name of king of timber.
  3. What are the two methods of forest regeneration?

[410]

  1. What is the full form of TRIPS?
  2. What is the full name of GATT?
  3. Describe briefly the advantages and disadvantages of Intellectual Property Rights.

[411]

  1. What is milk sterilization? Explain in detail.
  2. Define food safety with its importance.
  3. What is contamination of food? How will you control it?

[412]

  1. Describe the role of an individual in conservation of Natural Resources.
  2. Write short notes on Soil Pollution.
  3. Describe characteristic features of Forest Ecosystem.

[413]

  1. Describe breeding objective and economic importance of chickpea.
  2. Write the botanical description and economic importance of pea.
  3. Differentiate between horizontal and vertical resistance.

[414]

  1. What is quality seed in vegetables? Discuss the various steps involved in quality seed production of okra (Bhindi).
  2. What is cytoplasmic-genetic male sterility?
  3. Discuss the role of self-incompatibility in plant breeding.

[415]

  1. Write the following in brief: Periodicals, Magazines, Illusion, Advertisement, Yellow Journalism, ABCs of News, Scope of journalism, Newspaper, UNI, Communication media.
  2. Differentiate between news story and magazine story.
  3. Write the meaning, importance and principles of journalism.

[416]

  1. Write different types of agro-based industries.
  2. What do you mean by agri-business? Write definition, stakeholders, and distinct features of agri-business management.
  3. What is project? Prepare a project life cycle with a diagram and explain each stage.

[417]

  1. What are the advantages of drying?
  2. What is the use of PVC films?
  3. Explain grain drying theory and the importance of grain drying.

[418]

  1. Give the definition of seed.
  2. What do you mean by Roguing?
  3. Give a brief history of seed certification and its purpose.

[419]

  1. Write the features of crops and varieties preferred to grow in organic farming.
  2. Describe nutrient management in organic farming.
  3. Define pest. Describe the insect and disease management under organic farming condition.

[420]

  1. Define the term Waxing. Write in details about the types of waxing and methods of wax application.
  2. What is the purpose and principle of storage? Write in details about controlled atmospheric storage.
  3. What are the differences between Jam, Jelly and Marmalade? Write in details about the method of preparation of mixed fruit Jam.

[421]

  1. Describe the Queen, Drone and Worker of a bee colony.
  2. Explain the types of silk worm and the life history of mulberry silk worm.
  3. Describe the importance of beneficial insects.

[422]

  1. Write the botanical name and family of five shrubs.
  2. Provide the common name and botanical name of five climbers.
  3. Explain the principles of landscaping.

[423]

  1. State the standard rules for measuring DBH of a standing tree.
  2. Describe various tending operations used in Agro Forestry.
  3. Write short notes on Agri-Silvi-Pasture, Form Factors, and Age Determination of trees.

[424]

  1. What is the full form of HACCP?
  2. Write the importance of food safety.
  3. Define food sanitation. Discuss the sanitizers used in the food industry.

[425]

  1. What is the number of chromosomes in barley?
  2. What are the breeding methods for the improvement of pea?
  3. Differentiate between qualitative and quantitative characters.

[426]

  1. Write the full name of IPR and write the meaning in Hindi.
  2. Differentiate between UPOV Act 1978 and UPOV Act 1991.
  3. Write short notes on Patent.

[427]

  1. List the parts of magazines.
  2. Describe the characteristics of magazine readers.
  3. Explain the procedure of writing captions.

[428]

  1. Classify asexual reproduction and write its importance in crop improvement.
  2. Describe hybrid seed production technique in maize.
  3. What is quality seed? Describe various tests to ensure quality of seed.

[429]

  1. Define Money Market and Capital Market.
  2. Explain Agricultural price stabilization in India.
  3. What do you understand by price spread? How is its study useful to farmers?

[430]

  1. Write in brief about DATA.
  2. Write in brief about Weather.
  3. Write in brief about Agro Advisory.

[431]

  1. Define the term Foliage plant.
  2. Write in detail about growing methods of Hedge plants.
  3. Describe the scientific cultivation of Lemon grass.

[432]

  1. Give two differences in rainfed and dryland agriculture.
  2. Discuss the brief history of rainfed agriculture in India.
  3. Discuss the problems and prospects of rainfed agriculture in brief.

[433]

  1. Write the insecticidal properties of Neem.
  2. Describe the avoidance of the pathogen.
  3. What are fungicides? Describe the method of Bordeaux mixture preparation.

[434]

  1. Describe the formation and structure of fowl egg.
  2. Draw a neat and clean labelled diagram of digestive system of poultry and describe the function of each part in brief.
  3. How many types of incubators are there? Describe them in detail.

[435]

  1. Discuss the nature of damage caused by Pyrilla and their biological control.
  2. Provide a list of non-insect pests and describe the habits, habitat, nature of damage, and management of birds.
  3. Enlist the insect pests of brinjal crop and describe the nature of damage, life cycle, and management of any one of them.

[436]

  1. Write short notes on Growth chamber, Clone, Asepsis, Autoclave, Haploid breeding.
  2. Define secondary metabolites and explain how they can be produced in the laboratory.
  3. Write the importance and techniques of sterilization in a tissue culture laboratory.

[437]

  1. Explain the concept of STCR approach.
  2. Explain the basic concept of remote sensing.
  3. What are methods of simulation? Explain in detail.

[438]

  1. Define agricultural production economics and also discuss its objectives and scope.
  2. What are the assumptions of Linear Programming? Discuss the utility of Linear Programming in Farm Planning.
  3. Differentiate between Fixed cost and Variable cost.

[439]

  1. What is indigenous farming system? Describe its objectives and advantages briefly.
  2. Explain High External Input Agriculture (HEIA) along with its advantages and disadvantages.
  3. Discuss agroforestry, its importance, and commonly followed agroforestry systems in India.

[440]

  1. Describe classification of entrepreneur on the basis of economic development.
  2. Write the difference between entrepreneur and manager.
  3. What is supply chain management? Explain its importance.

[441]

  1. Differentiate between qualitative and quantitative characters.
  2. Describe Hardy-Weinberg Law and mention its importance in cross-pollinated crops.
  3. Explain hybrid seed production technology for hybrid sorghum seed.

[442]

  1. What do you mean by Agrochemicals and describe their importance.
  2. Describe Nematicides with suitable examples.
  3. What are Nitrogenous fertilizers? Discuss the slow-release N-fertilizers especially.

[443]

  1. What are the applications of wind energy?
  2. What do you mean by solar drying?
  3. Enlist the solar energy gadgets. Explain in detail with a diagram about any one of them.

[444]

  1. Fill in the blanks: Write the botanical name of Isabgol.
  2. Fill in the blanks: Write the commercial method of propagation in Rose.
  3. What are shrubs? Describe in detail about classification.

[445]

  1. What is soil erosion? Classify soil erosion.
  2. Write the importance of GIS in agriculture.
  3. Write a scientific essay on sand dunes stabilization and management in arid and semi-arid areas.

[446]

  1. Draw a neat and clean diagram of poultry digestive system and describe.
  2. Give detailed classification of fowl.
  3. Explain the importance of poultry farming in India.

[447]

  1. Describe the nature and properties of solar and thermal radiation.
  2. Explain in detail the different weather forecasting methods.
  3. What are weather hazards? Discuss each in detail.

[448]

  1. What do you mean by 'Measures of Central Tendency'? Write its classification.
  2. Determine the Regression Line Y on X between X and Y from the given data.
  3. What are the assumptions for 't-test'? How do you test the significance of the difference between Sample Mean and Population Mean by 't' test?

[449]

  1. Why is Lucerne crop considered more nutritive than other fodder crops?
  2. Write about seed treatment in pulses before sowing and dehaulming in Potato.
  3. Describe the cultivation of Berseem for fodder under the following heads: Soil and climate, Improved varieties, Seed and sowing, Cutting management and yield.

[450]

  1. Write the objectives of entrepreneurship development programme.
  2. What is supply chain management? Explain its importance.
  3. What is project formulation? Write stages in the project formulation.

[451]

  1. Write the full form of Computer in Hindi and English.
  2. The most commonly used keyboard is.
  3. Write the methods of constructing the Histogram and Cumulative Frequency Curve.

[452]

  1. Differentiate between service sample and official sample.
  2. Briefly describe the Seed Act 1966.
  3. Describe the inspection timings for seed crop.

[453]

  1. Describe Khaira disease of paddy.
  2. Discuss irrigation and fertilizer management in cotton.
  3. Explain the package of practices for cultivation of Pigeon Pea.

[454]

  1. What is plant introduction? Describe its achievements, merits and demerits.
  2. Solve the following: Calculate homozygosity in F5 population of the cross AAbbcc and aaBBCC; How many double crosses are possible from 12 inbreds?
  3. Define recurrent selection and describe the procedure of recurrent selection for specific combining ability.

[455]

  1. Describe various types of communication.
  2. What are important features of communication? Write in brief.
  3. Describe key concepts of functional grammar and differentiate between traditional and functional grammar.

[456]

  1. Define Cooperation and describe its relevance in Indian agriculture.
  2. Discuss the Lead Bank Scheme.
  3. What do you mean by the three-tier structure of agricultural credit societies in India?

[457]

  1. Write in brief about EC.
  2. Classify the insecticides on the basis of their toxicity.
  3. What do you mean by Integrated Pest Management (IPM)? Write different components of IPM with examples.

[458]

  1. Explain the etiology and disease cycle of foot rot disease of Papaya.
  2. Explain the symptoms, etiology, disease cycle and management of Tikka disease of Groundnut.
  3. Explain in detail the symptoms, etiology, disease cycle and management of Phytophthora blight disease of Colocasia.

[459]

  1. Define Personal barriers to listening.
  2. What are individual and group presentations? Differentiate between debate and panel discussion in extension education.
  3. Write the various types of seminar and explain the benefits of seminar.

[460]

  1. What are the fat and SNF percentages in standardized milk?
  2. Provide the flow diagram for manufacturing dahi and yoghurt.
  3. Discuss various sources of contamination of milk and its impact on public health. What measures would you adopt to produce high-quality milk?

[461]

  1. When was RBI (Central Bank of India) established?
  2. In which year was NAFED established?
  3. Discuss sources or agencies supplying Agricultural Finance in India.

[462]

  1. Define Fruit necrosis in Aonla.
  2. What is alternate bearing of Mango? Write details about their causes and control.
  3. Write details about cultivation of Apple.

[463]

  1. Discuss inflorescence and floret details of family Poaceae.
  2. Write short notes on Binomial Nomenclature system.
  3. What do you understand by DELTA taxonomic computer programs?

[464]

  1. Discuss any five important breeds of cows.
  2. Write down the names of registers maintained at a dairy farm and discuss the milk disposal register.
  3. Describe the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of mastitis.

[465]

  1. What do you mean by Awareness? Explain the principles of awareness.
  2. What is Ethics? Describe the objectives of ethics.
  3. What do you mean by philosophy? Explain the principles and objectives of philosophy.

[466]

  1. Indicate the utility of a Barometer.
  2. What is relative humidity? Discuss the importance of humidity in our daily life.
  3. Write short notes on the following: Form of solid precipitation, Global warming, Microclimate, Cyclone, Monsoon.

[467]

  1. What do you mean by rocks and minerals? Describe them.
  2. Describe soil components and how they affect the growth of plants.
  3. Write short notes on any three: Nitrification, Ammonification, Earthworm, Soil Algae, Topography.

[468]

  1. Write down the botanical name of two weeds of rice.
  2. Describe in brief the significance of good crop husbandry in minimizing weed competition.
  3. What do you mean by crop rotation? Explain the principles of crop rotation along with its merits.

[469]

  1. Explain the major points related to the dominance of class Insecta.
  2. Explain the history of entomology in brief.
  3. Write the characteristic features of phylum Arthropoda.

[470]

  1. Define Phytohormones and describe the role of Auxins in agriculture.
  2. Describe the characters of the Poaceae family with floral formula and diagram.
  3. Define Respiratory Quotient and describe its kinds.

[471]

  1. Define Mechanisation and discuss its scope and importance in India.
  2. What are the different cooling methods of an internal combustion engine? Prepare a list of their advantages and disadvantages.
  3. Give the classification of tractors and write about power tillers. Name the firms manufacturing power tillers in India.

[472]

  1. Explain the Role of Banks for Improving the Indian Economy.
  2. Distinguish between Inflation and Deflation.
  3. Explain the equilibrium of the firm under Perfect Competition.

[473]

  1. Name different types of permanent Gully control structures.
  2. What is the maximum capacity of a structure drop inlet with given crest length and depth of flow?
  3. Describe different modes of sediment movement in a channel.

[474]

  1. Write different procedures of seed extraction from Tomato fruits.
  2. What are the roles of flower shows and exhibitions in Floriculture? Enumerate the techniques to be adopted for the display of flowers in a flower show.
  3. What is a lawn? Write in detail the making and maintenance of a good lawn.

[475]

  1. Explain the Morphology of a Retrovirus.
  2. Write short notes on Bio-indicators.
  3. What is Dose? Describe its relationships with Response.

[476]

  1. What is hybridoma technology? How is it used in the production of monoclonal antibodies?
  2. Describe antigen and antibody reaction.
  3. Describe the structure and functioning of cosmid and phagemid vectors.

[477]

  1. Describe the social nature of Honey Bee.
  2. Write a short note on poultry.
  3. Describe the cage culture in detail.

[478]

  1. Write an account on Gibb's free energy concept.
  2. Describe the mechanism of Protein synthesis.
  3. Write an account on specificity in Enzyme Actions and describe the effect of different factors on enzyme action.

[479]

  1. What are the symptoms and causal organism of yellow vein mosaic of Bhindi?
  2. Define Endemism and give examples of plants.
  3. Define water pollution, describe various types of water pollution, and discuss methods of control of water pollution.

[480]

  1. Write a note on the dose-response relationship of toxicants.
  2. Describe biotic and abiotic factors and their role in the ecosystem.
  3. Write an essay on bird migration.

[481]

  1. Write the principle and function of calorimeters.
  2. Define mean deviation and compute it for the given data: 20, 33, 50, 53, 68, 41, 60, 45, 38.
  3. How to measure Immune Responses in Animal Models?

[482]

  1. Name of any four endangered species.
  2. Peeling and deveining of Prawn.
  3. Give a list of famous National Park and Wildlife Sanctuaries of India. What are the differences between both?

[483]

  1. Write the specific gravity of cow, buffalo, and skim milk.
  2. What do you mean by homogenization of milk? Give its merits and demerits.
  3. Give flow diagram for making butter.

[484]

  1. Homogenization of milk should be done at what temperature?
  2. What is Chhana? Write its uses.
  3. What do you mean by adulteration of ghee? Enlist the common adulterants of ghee. How will you detect the adulteration of ghee with animal fat and cottonseed oil?

[485]

  1. Give the systemic position of Mucor.
  2. Give the systemic position of Phytophthora.
  3. Describe the mode of nutrition and growth of fungi.

[486]

  1. Differentiate between farm layout and field layout.
  2. Suggest agro-techniques of Oat to obtain good quality of fodder yield.
  3. Discuss in detail the causes of low cultivation of millets in Eastern Uttar Pradesh.

[487]

  1. What are Yield Contributing Characters?
  2. What are the criteria for determining the quality of Jute fibre? Explain factors affecting the quality of Jute fibre.
  3. Describe agro techniques for obtaining fine quality cotton fibre.

[488]

  1. Give the systemic position of Melampsora.
  2. Give the systemic position of Xanthomonas.
  3. Give the systemic position of Erwinia.

[489]

  1. Give flow diagram for manufacturing of Khoa.
  2. Define Ghee and describe desi method of ghee making.
  3. Define milk pasteurization. Explain H.T.S.T. method of milk pasteurization with the help of a suitable diagram.

[490]

  1. Explain the cutting management of Oat Crop.
  2. Discuss in detail a Demonstration farm.
  3. Differentiate between Cropping scheme and Cropping system.

[491]

  1. Write the starch detection test in milk.
  2. Write the fat and SNF percentage in buffalo milk and skim milk.
  3. Write a short note on 'Salting of butter'.

[492]

  1. Which hormone is responsible for let down and holding up of milk?
  2. What is cream? Discuss gravity method of cream separation.
  3. Define milk according to P.F.A. Discuss factors affecting the quality and quantity of milk.

[493]

  1. Describe asexual fruiting bodies in fungi.
  2. Explain the formation process of ascus in Ascomycotina.
  3. Explain the life cycle of Pythium.

[494]

  1. Describe the characteristic features of Hemichordata.
  2. What are the characteristic features of Class Aves? Explain with a typical example.
  3. Classify Reptilia up to order with salient features and examples.

[495]

  1. Discuss the basis of Linnaeus' system of classification.
  2. What is the economic importance of the family Brassicaceae?
  3. Describe the family Liliaceae or Lamiaceae.

[496]

  1. Discuss the main characteristics of an Ideal cropping scheme.
  2. What do you mean by biofertilizer? Describe classification and importance of biofertilizer in respect of pulses.
  3. Define harvesting. Describe in detail methods of harvesting and problems in harvesting.

[497]

  1. Write the number of stamens in Oryza and Triticum.
  2. State the function of Xylem.
  3. What is photoperiodism? Describe briefly the classification of plants based on photoperiod.

[498]

  1. Differentiate between Balance Ration and Productive Ration.
  2. Write the Characteristics of a good pasture and kinds of Pasture Land. Discuss the good management of Pasture Land.
  3. Describe Tail to Tail barn method with suitable diagram. Write merits and demerits of this Method.

[499]

  1. Give an account on the structure of Bacteriophages.
  2. Give an account of the life history of Saccharomyces fungus.
  3. Describe the structure and mode of replication/multiplication of Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV).

[500]

  1. Write a short note on taxonomic position of Coleochaete.
  2. Explain briefly why Lichens are known as pollution indicators.
  3. Describe the alternation of generation in Vaucheria.

[501]

  1. Who propounded the Nebula Hypothesis?
  2. Which rocks are found in greater quantity on the Earth's surface?
  3. Which landforms are associated with fault?

[502]

  1. Vitamin C is found in which of the following?
  2. Ghangha disease is caused by the deficiency of which element?
  3. Malnutrition during pregnancy results in:

[503]

  1. What does social stratification study?
  2. Who considered human society as a moving equilibrium?
  3. What does Hindu marriage literally mean?

[504]

  1. Energy producing nutrients are fats and carbohydrates.
  2. When was Vitamin K discovered?
  3. The best means of obtaining protein in the plant world are pulses.

[505]

  1. ' , ' - ?
  2. ' ' ' ' ?

[506]

  1. What are folds? Explain various types of folds.
  2. What is a cyclone? Describe its origin using a diagram.
  3. Describe different types of coral reefs.

[507]

  1. What does Intelligence Quotient (IQ) measure?
  2. Discuss Pavlov's Classical conditioning theory.
  3. What is Cue dependent forgetting?

[508]

  1. What were the demands of Early Nationalists?
  2. What are the qualifications for appointment as a Judge of the Supreme Court?
  3. Elaborate on the composition, organization, and functions of the Supreme Court of India.

[509]

  1. Briefly explain the parts of Digestive system.
  2. Describe the main principles of development.
  3. State the objectives of cooking food and describe various cooking methods.

[510]

  1. Thought of Sample on Man-Environment relationship.
  2. Explain the dichotomy of Physical versus Human Geography.
  3. Evaluate the place of Geography in the classification of Sciences.

[511]

  1. Mention the limits of 'Biosphere' on the globe.
  2. Describe 'Development doesn't mean destruction'.
  3. Discuss in detail the concepts, approaches, and methods of Environmental Management.

[512]

  1. What do you understand by Region?
  2. Which country has the most area in South West Asia?
  3. Describe the distribution of power resources in South West Asia.

[513]

  1. Critically examine the irrigation facilities in South-East Asia.
  2. Explain the role of gardening agriculture in the economy of South-East Asia.
  3. Discuss the basis of regionalisation with special reference to South-East Asia.

[514]

  1. Applied Geography of L.D. Stamp.
  2. Contribution of Humboldt in Geography.
  3. Meaning and scope of Geography.

[515]

  1. Discuss the Fishery Industries in Japan.
  2. Describe rice agriculture of China.
  3. Explain the climate regions of Far East Asia.

[516]

  1. Discuss the relationship between environment and society.
  2. Discuss the different factors of the environment and their roles.
  3. Write an essay on biodiversity.

[517]

  1. Who said, 'If you cannot protect me, uphold your family's dignity, or preserve a woman's honor, then you cannot sell me either'?
  2. Explain the elements of the character of the protagonist of 'Aadhe Adhoore'.
  3. Discuss the social reform movement led by Raja Ram Mohan Roy.

[518]

  1. Provide the Hindi translation of the given prose passages with reference.
  2. What is the primary rasa ( ) of the play 'Abhijnana Shakuntalam'?
  3. What is the primary rasa ( ) of 'Kadambari'?

[519]

  1. Who was the great Hindi poet according to Acharya Ram Chandra Shukla
  2. Which is the first month of the Hindi calendar year
  3. Which place in India receives the lowest rainfall

[520]

  1. Name the five dialects of the Hindi region.
  2. When was Hindi accepted as the official language by the Constituent Assembly?
  3. Describe the structure of 'Information Technology and Hindi'.

[521]

  1. Name the four prominent writers of the New Hindi Story movement.
  2. Differentiate between a traditional story and a New Hindi Story.
  3. Discuss Kamleshwar's contribution to the development of Hindi Story literature.

[522]

  1. Analyze the given verse with reference to context.
  2. Analyze poet Dev's use of language.
  3. Discuss Kabirdas's role as a social reformer.

[523]

  1. Name five works of Premakhyanak poets.
  2. Describe Keshav's role as a mentor.
  3. Illuminate poet Dev's use of literary ornaments (Alankar).

[524]

  1. Provide a brief overview of the evolution of Hindi short stories.
  2. Discuss the contemporary relevance of Agyeya's literary thoughts.
  3. Critique Om Prakash Valmiki's work and the aesthetics of Dalit literature.

[525]

  1. Provide the Hindi translation of 'Swarg Loke Na Bhay Kinchanasti'.
  2. Translate the shlok starting with 'Buddhiman Neetiman Vagmo' into Hindi.
  3. Translate the shlok starting with 'Amangalyam Sheelam Tav Bhavatu' into Hindi.

[526]

  1. Describe the role of co-curricular activities in Hindi language teaching.
  2. What are the characteristics of a good textbook for Hindi language teaching?
  3. Describe the methods of teaching poetry in the Hindi language.

[527]

  1. What are the challenges in teaching the Hindi language?
  2. Clarify the need and significance of diagnostic testing in Hindi teaching.
  3. What are the characteristics of good Hindi textbooks?

[528]

  1. Provide Hindi translation for the provided Sanskrit passage.
  2. Write the Sutra used in 'Masamadhite'.
  3. Explain the Sutra 'Adharo'dhikaranam' with three types of bases and examples.

[529]

  1. Translate the provided mantra into Hindi with its usage.
  2. Explain the reason behind the 'Krishnatva' of Krishna Yajurveda.
  3. Which Veda is associated with the Gopatha Brahmana?

[530]

  1. Translate the given mantra into Hindi.
  2. Explain two of the provided Brahman sentences in Hindi.
  3. Discuss the nature of Agni or Indra.

[531]

  1. Write the various names used for the Adi Kala period in Hindi literature and name the scholars who coined them.
  2. Discuss the tradition of Hindi literary historiography.
  3. Mention five poetic meters used by Ghananand.

[532]

  1. What do you understand by Rajbhasha? Highlight the constitutional position of Hindi as Rajbhasha.
  2. Explain the main functions of office Hindi under its practical applications.
  3. What do you understand by functional Hindi? Discuss its types, utility, and importance.

[533]

  1. When and where was Acharya Vishwanath Pathak born?
  2. What was Sheikh Nisar's real name?
  3. Prove with examples how Balbhadra Prasad Dixit 'Padhees' captured the essence of farmer's life.

[534]

  1. Name two popular Hindi newspapers and their editors.
  2. Provide a well-thought-out essay on the origin and development of Hindi journalism.
  3. Write a meaningful note on contemporary editing art.

[535]

  1. Name the major love tales of Awadhi literature.
  2. Shed light on the poetic language of 'Yusuf Zulekha'.
  3. Discuss Trilochan Shastri's poetry in the context of rural reality, sensitivity, experimentation, regionalism, and folk culture.

[536]

  1. Which language is declared as the official language in the Indian Constitution? When is Hindi Day celebrated?
  2. How many periods are there in Ramchandra Shukla's 'History of Hindi Literature'? Write the names and timelines in order.
  3. Provide a comprehensive introduction to the dialects and sub-languages of Hindi.

[537]

  1. Evaluate Hindi story development with examples from 'Neeli Jheel'.
  2. Who is the author of the essay 'Bal Gobin Bhagat'? What is the genre of this essay?
  3. Highlight two major differences between biography and autobiography.

[538]

  1. Who authored 'Hindi Kahani: Samiksha Evam Sandarbh'?
  2. Name any three short story collections by Agyeya.
  3. Analyze 'Aakashdeep' by outlining key story elements.

[539]

  1. Who stated that Kabir's personality was unparalleled in a thousand years of Hindi literature history?
  2. Who made the first attempt at Hindi literature history writing?
  3. Who called Tulsi the national poet of Hindi?

[540]

  1. Who said 'Mujhe uspar koi vishwas nahin raha. Uska koi bharosa nahin. Krur, kathor aur nirdayi' in 'Lakshmi ka Swagat'?
  2. Which essay states 'Purana manushya mithik yuga mein rehta tha'?
  3. What is the meaning of 'Devdaru'?

[541]

  1. Who first received the award in Hindi literature?
  2. What is the meaning of ' '?
  3. What is the main theme of ?

[542]

  1. Which year was declared as International Women's Year?
  2. Truth and non-violence relate to which form of Hindu religion?
  3. When was the National Council of Women established?

[543]

  1. Yellow bone marrow is found in?
  2. No. of Chromosomes in a human are?
  3. Is present in the Pancreatic juice?

[544]

  1. Who wrote 'A Handbook of Sociology'?
  2. What are the examples of Primary Groups as given by C. H. Cooley?
  3. Who wrote the book 'Folkways'?

[545]

  1. What was the childhood name of Sikandar Lodi?
  2. Who introduced the silver coin 'Tanka' in North India?
  3. Who was the first Muslim scholar to study Puranas?

[546]

  1. Who invented the steam engine?
  2. Who is the father of Italian poetry?
  3. When did the Boston Tea Party occur?

[547]

  1. Religion, Marriage, Family, Caste are examples of?
  2. Familism is the outstanding and fundamental trait of which society?
  3. Population increases geometrically while food increases arithmetically. Who stated this?

[548]

  1. Which Sultan of Delhi was the first to levy irrigation tax?
  2. Who introduced the silver coin 'Tanka' in North India?
  3. Where is 'Arhai din ke Jhopara' located?

[549]

  1. What is the Great Barrier Reef?
  2. Which island divides the Agulhas Current?
  3. What is the significance of the Bermuda Triangle?

[550]

  1. In order to modify the undesirable behaviour of a student the most effective method is?
  2. Why is International understanding necessary?
  3. What is the function of education?

[551]

  1. ' , , ' ?
  2. ' , ! ' ?

[552]

  1. ' , , ' ?
  2. ' , ! ' ?

[553]

  1. ' , , ' ?
  2. ' , ! ' ?

[554]

  1. Cynodon dictylon is a grass.
  2. Define Weed. Write the harmful effects of weed.
  3. What do you mean by reproduction of weed? Write different methods of reproduction in weeds.

[555]

  1. Write the advantages of water harvesting.
  2. Describe the factors affecting the run-off.
  3. Explain the problems and prospects of watershed management.

[556]

  1. What is Nosema disease of honey bee?
  2. Explain the rearing practices of Kusumilac.
  3. Provide a detailed explanation of any two parasitoid and predator used in biological control.

[557]

  1. Write the symptoms of gummosis disease of citrus.
  2. Write the causal organism and management of wilt of chickpea.
  3. Write the differences between the three rusts of wheat.

[558]

  1. Define preservation and describe the methods of preservation.
  2. Describe the causes of spoilage of fruits and vegetables.
  3. Explain the canning techniques of fruits and vegetables and their merits.

[559]

  1. Describe short run production function.
  2. Describe the relationship between total production and marginal production.
  3. Provide a short note on farm planning.

[560]

  1. Explain Pyrite as a soil amendment and source of sulphur.
  2. Define nanofertilizers. Describe the different types of nano fertilizers.
  3. What is nitrogen fixation? Explain factors affecting symbiotic nitrogen fixation.

[561]

  1. A farm where no single product or source of income equals 50% or more of total receipts denotes specialized farming.
  2. Discuss in detail the system of farming system.
  3. Describe in detail the advantages and limitations of conservation agriculture.

[562]

  1. Enlist the different varieties of pea.
  2. Describe the improved varieties of wheat.
  3. Describe the different methods of planting sugarcane.

[563]

  1. Chemical fertilizers should be applied to increase the water holding capacity of the soil.
  2. The soil of dry regions has less organic matter.
  3. Discuss the appropriate agri-techniques for the development of rainfed areas.

[564]

  1. What do you mean by Glass houses and rigid plastic houses?
  2. Describe the thermal and aero-hydrodynamic properties of pulses and oilseeds.
  3. Discuss the design criteria of green house cooling and heating.

[565]

  1. Discuss symptoms, histopathology, and disease cycle of Early and Late blight of Tomato.
  2. Discuss external symptoms of Fruit rot of Brinjal.
  3. Discuss external symptoms of Wilt of Coconut.

[566]

  1. What are the components of geospatial data? Explain the management of spatial data in Geographical Information System (GIS).
  2. Define remote sensing. Write the application of remote sensing in agriculture.
  3. What is Soil Test Crop Response (STCR)? Write its objectives. Explain STCR approach for precision agriculture.

[567]

  1. What are the main varieties of Guava?
  2. Describe the cultivation practices for Coconut.
  3. Discuss the importance and scope of fruit crops in India.

[568]

  1. What is Glycolysis? Describe with a flow chart.
  2. Describe the Glycerol metabolism with a flow chart.
  3. Define Food and describe the role of food in human life.

[569]

  1. Should control be implemented only when the pest reaches the economic threshold level?
  2. Is Trichogramma a parasitic insect?
  3. Describe the nature of damage and distribution of maize stem borer.

[570]

  1. For how many years patent and copyright is given?
  2. Explain International treaty on plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (ITPGRFA).
  3. Discuss the chronological development of different IPR legislation in India.

[571]

  1. What is the nitrogen requirement in Urdbean?
  2. What is the botanical name of Sorghum?
  3. Explain important concepts of breeding self-pollinated crops.

[572]

  1. What is the meaning of communication?
  2. What is an example of impromptu presentation?
  3. What is the importance of keeping a field diary? Discuss the diary content organized into two categories.

[573]

  1. Classify the market on the basis of time.
  2. Write the meaning of product Life-Cycle. What are the factors which affect the product life-cycle?
  3. Discuss in detail about the advantages of co-operative marketing.

[574]

  1. Describe Product Life Cycle (PLC).
  2. What is meant by Planning? Discuss its types.
  3. Describe the characteristics of Product Life Cycle (PLC).

[575]

  1. Define waste land and describe the classification of waste land.
  2. What is soil erosion? Explain kinds of soil erosion and describe the factors affecting soil erosion due to water.
  3. Define Remote sensing and describe the advantages and disadvantages of remote sensing.

[576]

  1. Milk fever disease of cattle which is caused by deficiency.
  2. Write the origin, utility and breed characteristics of Black Bengal and Chegu goats.
  3. Discuss in detail the different methods of goat feeding.

[577]

  1. Fixed dome is not a type of biogas plant.
  2. What is gasification? Discuss wood gasification in brief.
  3. Describe wind energy and write its application in detail.

[578]

  1. Explain Pest control during seed storage.
  2. Explain the procedure for seed certification.
  3. Define Seed technology, its introduction and importance.

[579]

  1. Write short notes about Humidity.
  2. Write short notes about Heat Wave.
  3. Define weather hazards. Discuss the protection of crops from frost in detail.

[580]

  1. What is Institute and Village Linkage Programme (IVLP)?
  2. Describe the types of Entrepreneur.
  3. What are the major steps of Enterprise management? Explain them.

[581]

  1. Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research is located at Lucknow.
  2. Discuss the scientific cultivation of ratoon crop of Sugarcane for higher yield.
  3. Describe different methods of planting of Sugarcane in detail.

[582]

  1. Masoor is an oilseed crop.
  2. Varuna is a variety of mustard.
  3. Describe the scientific cultivation of berseem for maximum green forage production.

[583]

  1. What are RAM and ROM?
  2. Write a short note on phylogenetic analysis.
  3. What are the different databases used in bioinformatics analysis?

[584]

  1. Describe the main functions of an operating system.
  2. Explain the concept of Correlation.
  3. Discuss the advantages of e-Agriculture.

[585]

  1. Color of fat in milk depends on?
  2. Describe the physical and chemical properties of milk.
  3. What do you mean by Refrigeration? Describe the importance and system of refrigeration.

[586]

  1. Explain the additive law of probability.
  2. Calculate Karl Pearson's correlation coefficient for the following data.
  3. Define probability. Two cards are drawn at random from a pack of cards. Find the probability that both are of diamond.

[587]

  1. Write short notes on safety issues in pesticide use.
  2. Write short notes on tools of IPM.
  3. Write short notes on surveillance of pests.

[588]

  1. Describe the importance and classification of maize.
  2. Explain the scientific cultivation of cowpea for forage crop.
  3. Describe the importance and improved varieties of soybean.

[589]

  1. Describe the mechanisms and stages in gully development.
  2. Discuss the importance and need for soil and water conservation in Indian agriculture.
  3. Describe integrated watershed management and its importance in dryland agriculture.

[590]

  1. What do you mean by Farm Mechanization? Discuss the status of farm power in India.
  2. Describe the future scope and advantages of Farm Mechanization.
  3. Describe the construction and working of a Seed Drill.

[591]

  1. Define biofertilizer and discuss its significance in agricultural microbiology.
  2. Differentiate between Azolla and BGA.
  3. Discuss the role of microbes in human life.

[592]

  1. Corporation are the Institutional source of Agricultural credit.
  2. 14 Big Banks in India were nationalized in the year 1969.
  3. Define Co-operative farming. Describe the different forms and advantages of Co-operative farming.

[593]

  1. What is the structural and functional unit of the kidney?
  2. When can blood come out of the skin?
  3. On the basis of functions, muscles are classified into how many classes?

[594]

  1. Describe the different types of maize.
  2. Explain the weed management measures in Paddy crop.
  3. Describe the scientific cultivation of Urdbean.

[595]

  1. Draw the symbol of UJT and JFET.
  2. Draw the circuit diagram of a Full-wave rectifier and explain its working.
  3. Draw the circuit diagram of an RC coupled CE-amplifier. Find its voltage gain in the middle range of frequencies.

[596]

  1. Discuss various adaptations in Bryophytes to survive on land.
  2. Briefly discuss various theories to explain the organization of Apical Meristem. Which theory is most acceptable?
  3. Discuss in detail the evolution of Steler System and Vascular tissues in land plants.

[597]

  1. Explain the Approaches of Human Geography.
  2. Describe the concept of overpopulation.
  3. Discuss with examples the causes and effects of world Major Migrations.

[598]

  1. Explain Shrubs and their significance.
  2. Describe the concept of Eugenics.
  3. Write a brief essay on Origin of Life.

[599]

  1. The quality of a primary doctor includes knowledge, sweet behavior and efficiency, judgmental intelligence, or all of the above.
  2. How do bee and wasp bite?
  3. What is the Meibomian Glands related to?

[600]

  1. The process of inhaling oxygen and exhaling CO2 is known as?
  2. Baking is a method of?
  3. Which one is not a dry heat method of cooking?

[601]

  1. There is a strong relationship between malnutrition and?
  2. Give the rule of inheritance.
  3. How many days is the total gestational stage?

[602]

  1. Which of the following describes the lithosphere?
  2. How is Air Pressure shown?
  3. What are temperate grasslands called in North America?

[603]

  1. What does the liver not produce?
  2. For which disease is the triple vaccine not used?
  3. How long do iron stores last in full-term babies?

[604]

  1. What does the ABO blood group system exhibit?
  2. Which of Mendel's characters is recessive?
  3. What series of changes occur in a newly formed cell until division?

[605]

  1. What are heterocysts and where are they found in Nostoc?
  2. What are the conceptacles in Sargassum?
  3. Who discovered the Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV)?

[606]

  1. Explain the breed characteristics of Murrah buffalo including production and reproduction data.
  2. Summarize care and management practices for pregnant cows.
  3. What is Vaccination? Describe the vaccination schedule for major communicable diseases in cows and buffaloes.

[607]

  1. Poorly aerated soils are a significant source of?
  2. Describe physical parameters of soil such as Density, Porosity, and Plasticity.
  3. Define soil microorganisms and write about their importance in agricultural crop production.

[608]

  1. Define artificial regeneration and its basic steps.
  2. Explain factors influencing thinning practices in detail.
  3. What are the objectives and scope of forest mensuration?

[609]

  1. What is Wind break? Write its advantages and disadvantages.
  2. Discuss the key points to consider while planning the layout of a new orchard.
  3. Define plant growth regulators and explain the role of Gibberellins in horticultural crops.

[610]

  1. Write a short note on probability.
  2. Describe the importance of Reduction division (Meiosis) in plants.
  3. Discuss the process of cell cycle.

[611]

  1. Define K.V.K. (Krishi Vigyan Kendra).
  2. Write short notes on Cash Crops and Stimulant Crops.
  3. Define the water requirement of crops. Describe the factors affecting water requirement.

[612]

  1. Discuss the importance of Educational Psychology in Agriculture.
  2. Define Rural Society. Explain its scope and importance in agricultural extension.
  3. Define Social Institution. Write its significance and scope in agricultural extension.

[613]

  1. Describe the structure of Trypanosoma.
  2. What is the Pathogenicity of Giardia?
  3. Describe the Genic balance theory.

[614]

  1. Write short notes on Autoclave.
  2. Write brief notes on Basidiomycetes and Phytoalexins.
  3. Describe symptoms, causal agent, and control measures of Late Blight of Potato.

[615]

  1. Explain Lenz's law of electromagnetic induction.
  2. What is dielectric and dielectric constant?
  3. How can you convert Delta network into Star network? Explain with example.

[616]

  1. What is Afforestation and Reforestation?
  2. What do you mean by natural regeneration? Describe in detail about the natural regeneration from seed.
  3. Define nursery, explain its different types, and provide a layout of forest nursery.

[617]

  1. Differentiate between primary and secondary groups.
  2. Define behavior and describe the importance of studying behavior.
  3. Define teaching and learning. Describe the principles of teaching in detail.

[618]

  1. Write the structure of a typical flower.
  2. What is Meiosis? Describe various stages of meiosis and its significance.
  3. Discuss family 'Poaceae' under the following points: Morphology, Andrecium, Gynoecium, Floral diagram and Floral formula.

[619]

  1. Discuss the importance of bio-regulators in horticulture.
  2. What do you mean by plant propagation? Describe the advantages and disadvantages of sexual propagation.
  3. What is grafting? Describe different methods of grafting with their diagram.

[620]

  1. What is the gestation period of swine?
  2. Write the origin, utility, and characteristics of Karnah sheep breed.
  3. Discuss the pathogen, mode of infection, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of mastitis in cattle.

[621]

  1. Write a short note on probability.
  2. Describe various types of special types of chromosomes.
  3. Discuss structural and numerical variation in chromosomes and their implications.

[622]

  1. What do you mean by soil density? Discuss the various factors affecting the soil density.
  2. Write the types of acid soil. Describe the source of soil acidity.
  3. What do you mean by salt affected soil? Explain the reclamation methods for saline soil in detail.

[623]

  1. Two irrigations are required in pulses.
  2. Six irrigations are required in wheat crop.
  3. Define weed and describe weed classification.

[624]

  1. How Agriculture is important for the Indian Economy?
  2. Write short note on Horticultural Crops.
  3. Explain the Drip Based Irrigation system. Also describe its benefits.

[625]

  1. What is the impact of mining on the environment?
  2. Write a detailed note on Bhartiya Gyan Parampara and Bhartiya Vaigyanik.
  3. Explain the structure and composition of the hydrosphere.

[626]

  1. What does ORS stand for?
  2. How does the body store carbohydrates?
  3. What problems occur due to malnutrition over a long period?

[627]

  1. What is the role and function of the Election Commission in India?
  2. Write any five fundamental duties.
  3. Explain the role and structure of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.

[628]

  1. Write the classification of horticultural plants.
  2. Explain the methods of fertilizer application in horticultural crops.
  3. Describe the basic principles of orchard establishment and planting systems.

[629]

  1. Comments on the following: Heredity, Allele, Polyploidy, Qualitative character, Quantitative character, Phenotype, Nucleic acid, Gene, Mutation, Cell cycle.
  2. Write short notes on haploid and monoploid OR Describe the crossing over with suitable diagram.
  3. Describe briefly Watson and Crick model of DNA structure.

[630]

  1. Classify herbicide on the basis of time of application with suitable examples.
  2. What do you mean by crop-weed-competition? Describe the factors for which weeds compete with crops.
  3. Define weeds. Elaborate the different methods of weed control.

[631]

  1. What is opportunity cost principle?
  2. Write the scope of farm management.
  3. What is the law of diminishing returns? Give suitable diagrams.

[632]

  1. What is Product-Product relationship? Give its importance with suitable examples.
  2. What are the advantages of Farm Planning? Name the various techniques used for farm planning under Indian conditions.
  3. Explain the causes of low efficiency of Indian farm labour and point out the measures to improve it.

[633]

  1. What is cost of production?
  2. What is factor-product relationship? Give its importance with suitable examples.
  3. What is labour efficiency? Write measures to improve agricultural labour efficiency.

[634]

  1. Describe the D.P.A.P. in brief.
  2. What is rural sociology? Explain its nature and scope in detail.
  3. How does leadership emerge in rural areas? Discuss the role of leaders in rural development.

[635]

  1. Use of heterosis in hybrid seed production.
  2. Discuss various biotechnological tools currently being used in plant breeding.
  3. Role of Mendel's laws in genetics and plant breeding and all three laws in detail.

[636]

  1. Describe the symptoms of Yellow Vein Mosaic of Bhindi.
  2. What is deforestation? Give a brief account of the causes of deforestation in the country.
  3. What is Phytogeography? Describe the botanical regions of India.

[637]

  1. What is computer called in Hindi?
  2. Who is the author of 'Armament and History'?
  3. Who developed 'Skirmishing tactics' and 'Line and Column tactics'?

[638]

  1. Yellow vein mosaic disease of Bhindi is caused by?
  2. Ascocarp develops in which fungal division?
  3. Puccinia graminis is classified as?

[639]

  1. What is the ploidy of elaters in Marchantia?
  2. Which coenobium has division of labour?
  3. What does the nannandrium produce?

[640]

  1. What is the longest known virus?
  2. Which fungus shows isomorphic alternation of generations?
  3. Which fungus is important in genetic studies?

[641]

  1. Who is considered the Indian father of Palaeobotany?
  2. What is the ploidy of spores in Pteridophytes?
  3. In which era did life originate?

[642]

  1. What is Thallophyta known as?
  2. What is the shape of the chloroplast in Oedogonium?
  3. What is the common name of hornwort?

[643]

  1. What is 'Club-moss' generally called?
  2. Which agency carries out pollination in gymnosperms?
  3. In which era did life originate?

[644]

  1. Explain the given maxims in Hindi or English.
  2. Translate a paragraph from English to Hindi.
  3. Write down the opposite of the following words.

[645]

  1. Explain the provided legal maxims in English or Hindi.
  2. Provide legal terms for specific descriptions.
  3. What is proofreading? Elaborate on the usage of marginal marks and their explanations.

[646]

  1. Translate a passage describing bomb explosions and security issues into Hindi.
  2. Explain terms such as 'Res judicata', 'Caveat Emptor', 'Damnum sine injuria', 'Animus domini', and 'Doli incapax' in Hindi or English.
  3. Transform sentences into interrogative and affirmative forms as directed.

[647]

  1. Translate a legal passage from English to Hindi.
  2. Translate a legal passage from Hindi to English.
  3. Write a note on the need and importance of legal language.

[648]

  1. Translate the given Hindi passage into English.
  2. Translate the given English passage into Hindi.
  3. Write an essay on Judicial System in India, Child Labour, Consumer Protection, or Right to Die.

[649]

  1. State the liabilities of a registered Trade Union.
  2. When does a strike become illegal?
  3. Who is disqualified to be an office bearer of a registered Trade Union? Can a minor be a member of a registered Trade Union?

[650]

  1. What is the main function of the Zoo Authority?
  2. What do you understand by Acid rain?
  3. Discuss the provisions relating to protect the environment under the Indian Constitution.

[651]

  1. Write a short note on Recidivism.
  2. What do you understand by White Collar Crime? How does it differ from traditional Crimes?
  3. Imprisonment viewed as a form of treatment of the offender is paradoxical. Comment.

[652]

  1. What is a Lost Instrument?
  2. What do you mean by a Secured Loan? What are the modes of securing a loan by a bank?
  3. What do you mean by Negotiable Instruments? Discuss their types.

[653]

  1. What is the main function of Central Zoo Authority?
  2. What is the contribution of Public Interest Litigation to protect environment?
  3. Discuss the Power of State Government to Supersede the State Board Under Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981.

[654]

  1. What do you mean by 'Public Trust'?
  2. What do you mean by re-conversation?
  3. What is Equitable Right? How do you classify Equitable Rights? Explain with example.

[655]

  1. State the circumstances under which the corporate veil of a company is lifted and separate legal existence of it is ignored.
  2. What do you understand by the rule of majority? Discuss the circumstances when this rule is discarded for protective minority of shareholders. Refer to case law.
  3. Distinguish between Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association. Explain their contents.

[656]

  1. Define Court of Inquiry under Section-6.
  2. What is the scope and object of the Industrial Dispute Act, 1947?
  3. What do you mean by lockout? Is it mandatory to serve a notice before declaring lockout? If so, under what circumstances can it be waived? Discuss the effect of illegal lockout.

[657]

  1. Discuss the main causes of Juvenile Delinquency.
  2. Give the suggestive measures regarding prison reform in India.
  3. Comment on 'White collar crimes are least detected and its offences are least punished.'

[658]

  1. Discuss briefly the different kinds of letters of credit which may be issued by a bank.
  2. Discuss the liabilities of a surety.
  3. Outline briefly the main features of the Banking Companies Act, 1949 and the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.

[659]

  1. Write a short note on acid rain.
  2. What are the conditions on use of certain industrial plants in air pollution control areas under Section 21(5) of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981?
  3. What are the rules laid down by the state government to regulate matters of protected forests? Differentiate between protected and reserved forests.

[660]

  1. What do you mean by punishment?
  2. Discuss the methods of study of criminology.
  3. Discuss various arguments for abolition and retention of capital punishment in India.

[661]

  1. What is the remedy if the registration of a trade union is refused?
  2. Define Factory and Industrial Establishment under the Payment of Wages Act, 1936. Also give the difference between both.
  3. Write in brief the salient features of the Indian Maternity Benefit Act, 1961.

[662]

  1. Explain contribution under Employees Provident Fund Act, 1991.
  2. Discuss the procedure, powers and duties of Labour Court under the Industrial Dispute Act, 1947.
  3. Discuss the updated benefits available to a woman worker under the Maternity Benefit Act.

[663]

  1. What is a one-person company?
  2. Distinguish between 'Public and Private Company'.
  3. What do you understand by 'Memorandum of Association'? Briefly state its various clauses and also write its difference from 'Article of Association'.

[664]

  1. What is the difference between an arbitrator and a referee?
  2. On what grounds can the appointment of an arbitrator be challenged? What is the procedure for it?
  3. What provisions exist in the Act for corrections, interpretations, and amendments of an award? Explain.

[665]

  1. Evaluate the role of family in causation of crime.
  2. What is criminology? Write the importance of the study of criminology.
  3. Critically analyse the theory of differential association which states: 'A person becomes criminal because of an excess of definitions favourable to violation of law over definitions unfavourable to violation of law.'

[666]

  1. State the difference between arbitration and conciliation.
  2. Discuss the meaning and field of Alternate Dispute Resolution System. Also discuss its importance.
  3. Comment on the effectiveness of the settlement made by Lok Adalat as an Alternate Dispute Resolution system.

[667]

  1. When is Individual Dispute deemed to be an Industrial dispute under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947?
  2. Define Retrenchment. Discuss the procedure under Section 25 G and H of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.
  3. What are the provisions regarding payment of maternity benefit in case of death of a Woman under the Maternity Benefit Act, 1961?

[668]

  1. Discuss ancient Indian philosophy relating to the protection of the environment.
  2. Differentiate between reserved and protected forests. Discuss the rules laid down by the state government to regulate matters and protect forests.
  3. Discuss the provisions under the Criminal Procedure Code, 1973, for combating environmental pollution.

[669]

  1. Doctrine of Indoor management is an exception to the doctrine of constructive notice. Discuss.
  2. In what circumstances is lifting of the corporate veil done?
  3. What are the producer companies? What is the purpose of a producer company?

[670]

  1. What is dishonour of a bill of exchange by non-acceptance?
  2. What are the salient features of the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1998?
  3. Discuss the special relationship between a bank and its customer.

[671]

  1. Define Trade Union and discuss multiplicity of Trade Unions.
  2. Who is a workman of an employer under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947? Explain clearly.
  3. Discuss the procedure for the registration and recognition of a Trade Union.

[672]

  1. Define the rule of 'Stare decisis'.
  2. Contemporanea expositio will not always be decisive of a question of construction. Discuss.
  3. Discuss the doctrine of 'Noscitur a sociis'.

[673]

  1. 'Environment is everything which is not me.' Explain briefly.
  2. Explain environment protection and ancient Indian philosophy relating to environment protection.
  3. Examine the scope of section 133 of code of criminal procedure as a tool for combating environmental pollution.

[674]

  1. What do you mean by Public Company?
  2. What do you mean by Debentures?
  3. What do you mean by Holding Company and Subsidiary Company?

[675]

  1. Give suggestive measures regarding prison reform in India.
  2. What is criminology? Explain its scope and importance.
  3. Discuss various arguments for abolition and retention of capital punishment in India.

[676]

  1. Define Holder in Due Course.
  2. What do you understand by the Dishonour of Cheque? Explain it with help of decided cases.
  3. Elucidate the salient features of FEMA.

[677]

  1. Who is entitled for legal services?
  2. What do you mean by domestic arbitration?
  3. 'Lok Adalat is synonym of cheap and speedy justice.' What steps should be taken to make these adalats more effective?

[678]

  1. What do you mean by Secular State?
  2. What do you mean by contempt of court?
  3. What are the various kinds of contempt of court? Explain the meaning and nature of contempt of court.

[679]

  1. A person commits an offence in state 'A' and flew to state 'B'. Examine the legal possibilities for extradition.
  2. Explain coercive methods of settlement of International disputes.
  3. State A and B are coastal states having their coasts facing each other. The distance between the two coasts is 300 Nautical Miles. State A extends its exclusive economic zone up to 200 Nautical Miles. Examine the legal position of such an extension.

[680]

  1. What is the meaning of W.W.W.?
  2. Explain the composition and powers of Cyber Appellate Tribunal.
  3. What is Defamation? Discuss the law relating to Defamation in the context of Cyber Law.

[681]

  1. Discuss the law relating to Transfer for the Benefit of Unborn Person.
  2. Explain the Doctrine of Lis Pendens and narrate the essential conditions for its application.
  3. Who are the persons entitled to redeem a Mortgage? Discuss the Mortgagee's right to sue for Mortgage Money.

[682]

  1. What is Writ of quo Warranto?
  2. Explain 'The Rule of Law'.
  3. Discuss the Judicial controls to be exercised over delegated legislation.

[683]

  1. Write a short note on 'Option of puberty'.
  2. What are the essentials of valid (Sahih) marriage and differentiate between irregular (Fasid) and void (Batil) marriage?
  3. Explain Muslim widow's right of her unpaid dower amount. Elucidate your answer with the help of relevant case law.

[684]

  1. What is the object of passing the Advocates Act, 1961?
  2. Explain the provisions relating to the establishment and organization of the state bar council. What are the powers of the state bar council?
  3. Explain the origin, development, and object of contempt law. What defences are open to a contemner in case of a criminal contempt of court?

[685]

  1. What do you understand by Nationality?
  2. What are the restrictions on Freedom of Highseas?
  3. What is territorial jurisdiction of the state? State principles governing the territorial jurisdiction.

[686]

  1. Define the term Lease. How Lease is made and determined?
  2. Explain the meaning and definition of Gift and what are its essential elements?
  3. What do you mean by transfer by ostensible owner? Explain with the help of leading caselaws.

[687]

  1. Write a short note on doctrine of 'Audi Alteram Partem'.
  2. Explain 'The Rule of Law'.
  3. Discuss the scope of the Writ of Certiorari.

[688]

  1. What is the extent of applicability of Muslim Law?
  2. What are the modes of revocation of wills according to Muslim law?
  3. The nearer in degree excludes the more remote. Explain this statement.

[689]

  1. Discuss briefly 'Rule Against Bias' with relevant Indian cases.
  2. Write a short essay on the Institution of Ombudsman.
  3. Discuss the special privilege of the government to withhold evidence in public interest.

[690]

  1. Write a note on 'Acknowledgment of paternity' under Muslim Law.
  2. In which year Indian Succession Act was passed and to whom this Act is applicable?
  3. Define Pre-emption. Can the pre-emption be claimed on the ground of vicinage in India?

[691]

  1. Define Asylum and what is extraterritorial asylum?
  2. Discuss the statement 'International law is vanishing point of jurisprudence.'
  3. What are the different theories of recognition? Explain express recognition and implied recognition.

[692]

  1. Distinction between Charge' and 'Mortgage'.
  2. Critically examine the nature and extent of the doctrine of election.
  3. What do you mean by easement? What rights and corresponding restrictions does easement create?

[693]

  1. Who can be an advocate?
  2. What do you mean by Legal Profession? Explain its nature and importance.
  3. What are the various duties of a lawyer in criminal case? Explain.

[694]

  1. What is the doctrine of bias?
  2. What is Natural Justice? Discuss certain rules of Natural Justice.
  3. What is Lokpal? Discuss functions of Lokpal.

[695]

  1. Write about Grotius and his contribution to International Law.
  2. What is intervention? Under what circumstances can a state intervene in the affairs of another state?
  3. Examine the theories of 'Monism' and 'Dualism' in explaining the relationship between International Law and State Law. What is Indian practice regarding the operation of International Law within the municipal sphere?

[696]

  1. Write short notes on any two: (i) Iddat (ii) Mutawalli (iii) Acknowledgment.
  2. 'Nikah is a purely Civil Contract.' Comment and discuss the essential requisites of a Muslim marriage.
  3. Explain the right of maintenance of a divorced Muslim woman from the husband. What changes have occurred after the case of Shahbano in this regard?

[697]

  1. Who are the members of Bar Council of India?
  2. When does the publication of information relating to proceedings in chambers or in-camera not amount to contempt?
  3. What qualities are required to be a successful lawyer?

[698]

  1. What do you mean by U.N. Charter?
  2. What is the right of self-determination?
  3. Write a critical comment on International court of Justice.

[699]

  1. Define Vested and Contingent interest and distinguish between them.
  2. What is Easement by prescription? What is to be proved to claim it?
  3. Define Mortgage. Explain the essentials of a Mortgage. How mortgage is effected?

[700]

  1. No person shall be a judge in his own case. Discuss this rule.
  2. Define Administrative Law. Discuss its nature and scope.
  3. Define Administrative Tribunal. Explain the reasons for the growth of tribunals.

[701]

  1. What are the rules of International Law regarding contiguous zone?
  2. Explain the concepts of 'Territorial Waters', 'Continental Shelf' and 'Exclusive Economic Zone' with special reference to Indian law.
  3. Compare and discuss the coercive and peaceful methods of setting international disputes.

[702]

  1. Piracy committed by unrecognized insurgents.
  2. Law must be stable and yet it cannot be standstill.
  3. Define International Law and examine the importance of international law in the fast globalizing world. Will it be proper to brand international law as a weak law in todays context?

[703]

  1. What do you mean by Administrative Tribunal? Discuss its characteristics and comment on the working of the Central Administrative Tribunal.
  2. What do you mean by the Institution of Lokpal? Discuss its merits and demerits in light of the recent act passed by the Parliament.
  3. What do you mean by Administrative Law? Highlight the reasons for its growth in the modern era.

[704]

  1. Give any four grounds available to a Muslim wife to obtain divorce from the husband under the Dissolution of Muslim Marriages Act, 1939.
  2. Explain the following forms of divorce and their effects: ILA, ZIHAR, KHULA, LIAN or LAAN.
  3. What is maintenance? Explain the rights available to a divorced Muslim wife to receive maintenance.

[705]

  1. In how many ways easement can be created?
  2. Define 'Mortgage'. Explain the essentials of it. Discuss its different kinds.
  3. What is 'Conditional Transfer' and how many kinds of conditions are recognized under T.P. Act? Explain.

[706]

  1. Give one example of professional misconduct.
  2. How can an advocate be helpful in law reform? Explain.
  3. Explain in detail the relationship of Bar and Bench.

[707]

  1. What is a Senior Advocate?
  2. What is the purpose of Contempt Law?
  3. What is the Bar Council of India? Explain its constitution and functions.

[708]

  1. Distinguish between apparent and non-apparent easement.
  2. Distinguish between vested and contingent interest.
  3. Define Gift and explain the essential elements of a valid gift.

[709]

  1. Explain coercive methods of settlement of international disputes.
  2. Define International treaties and explain the various kinds of treaties.
  3. Discuss the pacific means of settlement of International Disputes.

[710]

  1. Discuss the doctrine of 'Separation of Powers'.
  2. Define 'Administrative Law'. Discuss its nature and scope.
  3. What is 'Delegated Legislation'? What are the limits laid down by the judiciary over the powers the legislature can not delegate?

[711]

  1. What is the State Roll?
  2. Difference between 'profession' and 'business'. What would you call legal practice and why?
  3. Explain in detail the relationship of Bar and Bench.

[712]

  1. Write a short note on nature of Muslim marriage.
  2. What do you understand by 'acknowledgement of paternity', its conditions and effect?
  3. What are the different forms of Talaq under Muslim Law? Explain its legal effects.

[713]

  1. Discuss the fulfillment of condition subsequent.
  2. Distinguish between profit a prendre and easement.
  3. Define gift. Explain its essential elements. When can a gift be suspended or revoked? Discuss with the help of decided cases.

[714]

  1. What do you mean by 'Khula'?
  2. Write a short note on option of puberty.
  3. Write a note on 'Acknowledgement of paternity' under Muslim Law.

[715]

  1. Discuss the Right to know.
  2. What is 'Droit Administratif'? Discuss its principles.
  3. What do you understand by 'Natural Justice'? Explain the rules of Natural Justice with exceptions.

[716]

  1. Custom as a source of International Law.
  2. Discuss the various modes of state succession.
  3. Define International Law. Is International Law a mere positive morality?

[717]

  1. Write short note on Monism and Dualism.
  2. Define contraband and its kinds. Discuss the doctrine of continuous voyage with case law.
  3. Write short note on any two: Belligerent Occupation, The law of Neutrality, Enemy character.

[718]

  1. Rights and Privileges of an Advocate.
  2. Who is 'Advocate on Record'?
  3. Explain the writ of Mandamus.

[719]

  1. What is the rule against perpetuity and what are exceptions of this rule?
  2. What is English mortgage? Differentiate between English and simple mortgage.
  3. What is subrogation? What are its kinds? Who can claim subrogation? Distinguish between legal and conventional subrogation.

[720]

  1. What do you understand by 'Ijab-o-Qubool'?
  2. What do you understand by 'Gift of Musha'?
  3. What are the primary sources of Muslim Law? Discuss the contribution of 'Legislation' regarding the evolution of Muslim Law.

[721]

  1. Explain the Doctrine of Bias.
  2. Write a note on Administrative Action.
  3. What is Public Interest Litigation? What kinds of cases can be filed as Public Interest Litigation? How is it beneficial for society?

[722]

  1. Write definition and essentials of Waqf.
  2. Write various kinds of Guardianship under Muslim Law.
  3. Discuss the various methods of divorce accepted under Muslim Law.

[723]

  1. Define recognition and its kinds. Critically examine the various theories of recognition.
  2. Define Blockade. What are its essential elements? What are the consequences of violation of blockade? When does blockade end?
  3. What is the definition of New-International Law? How is it different from old one? Evaluate the role of New International Law in the fast integrating world of today.

[724]

  1. Explain the Rule against perpetuity.
  2. What do you mean by easement?
  3. Explain the doctrine of Lis pendens and narrate the essential conditions of the application of this doctrine.

[725]

  1. Write down the causes for growth of Administrative Law.
  2. What do you mean by 'Reasoned decision'?
  3. With the help of decided cases discuss the maxim 'Nemo judex in causa sua'.

[726]

  1. Discuss the theory of remedial liability.
  2. Define ownership and explain its elements.
  3. 'Rights and duties are co-relative.' Discuss and explain the position in India in this regard.

[727]

  1. What is Sapind relationship under Hindu Marriage Act?
  2. Define the validity of the adoption of a girl-child by a 20-year-old unmarried male and a widow.
  3. Discuss 'Desertion' as the ground of divorce. What is constructive desertion?

[728]

  1. Explain testamentary succession under the Hindu Succession Act, 1956.
  2. When can a widow daughter-in-law claim maintenance from her father-in-law? Discuss.
  3. What marriages are void marriages? What is the difference between void and voidable marriages? Discuss the legitimacy of children of void and voidable marriages.

[729]

  1. Who are natural guardians and what are their powers? Discuss.
  2. Which person are capable to give a child in adoption? Discuss.
  3. When can a Hindu wife live separately and yet demand maintenance from her husband under the Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act, 1956?

[730]

  1. Translate the following legal terms into Hindi: Malpractice, Negative, Official Benches, Opposition.
  2. Write an essay on 'The state and direction of the Hindi national language.'
  3. Draft a letter to your college principal highlighting college problems and requesting their resolution.

[731]

  1. Translate the following legal terms into Hindi: Prosecutor, Jurist, Detenu, Beneficiary.
  2. Translate the following Hindi words into English: , , , -.
  3. Write an essay on suggestions to make Hindi the national language.

[732]

  1. What is a sentence? How many types of sentences are there? Explain.
  2. Correct the following sentences: (a) Will you drink hot buffalo milk? (b) No person in society can do this.
  3. Write a short essay on 'The concept of human rights'.

[733]

  1. Translate the following English words into Hindi: Petition, Deponent, Verdict, Accuse.
  2. Translate the following Hindi words into English: , , , .
  3. Write a detailed essay on the topic 'Humorous ethics and Indian politics'.

[734]

  1. Write the names of any four dialects of Western Hindi.
  2. Discuss the current status of Hindi in the world and its future prospects.
  3. Review the drama based on the elements of dramatic art.

[735]

  1. Elaborate on the significance of Hindi language.
  2. Write an essay on 'Hindi Language and National Unity.'
  3. Describe the dramatic artistry of Jai Shankar Prasad based on 'Dhruvaswamini.'

[736]

  1. : , , , , ,
  2. - : , , , , , , , ,

[737]

  1. : , , , ,
  2. : , , , , ,
  3. - : , , , , , ,

[738]

  1. : , , , , ,
  2. - : , , , , , ,

[739]

  1. : , , , , ,
  2. - : , , , , , ,

[740]

  1. : , , , , ,
  2. - : , , , , , ,

[741]

  1. : , , , , ,
  2. - : , , , , ,

[742]

  1. Describe the origin and development of the Hindi language.
  2. What is your opinion on the current status of the Hindi language and its future? Explain comprehensively.
  3. Name the authors of the following works: Padmavat, Andher Nagari, Kamayani, Adhe-Adhure.

[743]

  1. , , , , , , , , ,

[744]

  1. 2-2 : , , ,
  2. : , , , , , , , , ,

[745]

  1. Translate the following passage in Hindi: 'Science is, indeed, a great blessing to mankind. Science has revolutionized human life and introduced so many comforts into the world that life has become really worth living. If a man of 17th or 18th century could pay a visit to our scientific world, he would think himself to be in a fairyland where everything is done by magic. Consider, for instance, what electricity does for us. We have just to press a button and the room is flooded with light, or a fan begins to revolve and give us a current of cool refreshing air or a heater begins to radiate warmth. Electricity boils water and freezes ice for us. It is the driving power behind thousands of machines. Its miracles.'
  2. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions: (i) The road runs hill and plain. (ii) We sailed the water. (iii) He has been ill Monday last. (iv) He was accused theft.
  3. Correct the following sentences: (i) I went to Kolkatta when you called. (ii) I think every one of these men are incompetant. (iii) Please answer to my question. (iv) He is stronger than any body.

[746]

  1. Translate the passage about health into Hindi.
  2. Rewrite the following sentences using the correct form of the word.
  3. Write a character sketch of William Folder.

[747]

  1. Translate the passage discussing Aristotle's concept of justice into Hindi.
  2. Summarize the views of the author in the passage about overcoming obstacles.
  3. Translate the passage about Mahatma Gandhi's life into English.

[748]

  1. Translate the passage discussing Aristotle's concept of justice into Hindi.
  2. Change the narration of the following sentences.
  3. Write a note on the plot construction of the play Justice.

[749]

  1. Translate the passage into Hindi.
  2. What is a Resume? Describe its salient features.
  3. Write an application for the issue of a duplicate ration card.

[750]

  1. Translate the passage into Hindi.
  2. Change the narration of the following sentences.
  3. What is a Resume? Describe its salient features.

[751]

  1. Translate the passage about man's fate into Hindi.
  2. Rewrite the following sentences, as directed.
  3. Change the voice of the following sentences.

[752]

  1. Translate the passage about man's fate into Hindi.
  2. Punctuate the given paragraph about David Copperfield.
  3. Write a report about the Annual Fest in your college.

[753]

  1. Translate the passage about Akbar and Birbal into Hindi.
  2. Translate the passage about Ved and his grandmother's house from Hindi to English.
  3. Change the narration for sentences such as: 'You must not touch live electric wire, I said.'

[754]

  1. Translate the passage about Akbar and Birbal into Hindi.
  2. Translate the passage about Ved and his grandmother's house from Hindi to English.
  3. Punctuate the given unpunctuated passage.

[755]

  1. Describe the symptoms in detail of any three of the following: Green Ear disease of Bajra, Yellow vein mosaic of Bhindi or Okra, Blast of rice, Early blight of potato.
  2. In which city of India is the Directorate of Plant Protection Quarantine and Storage situated?
  3. Write a detailed note on the importance of plant diseases.

[756]

  1. Write a detailed note on the use of English words in Hindi newspapers.
  2. Write a book review which you have read earlier.
  3. Discuss the basic features of news writing in any English newspaper.

[757]

  1. Given data for two tests in English and Hindi, work out the regression equations.
  2. Predict the probable marks in Hindi of a student whose English marks are 65.
  3. Calculate the premium payable at the age of 26 using the given Life Insurance Corporation rates.

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